Abstract: Process and apparatus for the separation of solid matter via flotation. The flotation process for the separation of solid matter from a suspension takes place via the utilization of centrifugal forces wherein the suspension is brought into rotation in a separating zone so that the floated components are particularly effectively routed to and concentrated at the center of the separating space, whereby, when viewed axially, floated components and the remaining portion of the suspension is guided in the same direction and out of the separating zone, with the avoidance of vortexes in the flow stream achieving particularly favorable separation effects. In addition, several apparatuses, for carrying out the process, are also set forth.

Abstract: Process for damping pressure pulsations and apparatus for performing the process. The process of this invention serves for the damping of pressure pulsations in a fluid, particularly a fiber suspension, flowing in a closed system wherein the pressure pulsations to be damped are measured at a measuring site and compensated at a correction site, with a throttle position being located between the measuring and the correction sites, with the damping of the imparted pressure impulses occurring at the correction site, which pressure impulses are opposite to the measured pressure pulsations, with the time periods thereof being about the same as those of the measured pressure pulsations. Several apparatuses for performing the process are also set forth.

Abstract: The invention shows an improvement in the lubrication of bearings and shaft seals of screw compressors for refrigerants with oils soluble in refrigerants. A typical application results, for example, for ammonia with polyalkylene glycol soluble therein. Due to the fact that a partial oil flow is taken out of the oil flow returned to the screw compressor at an intermediate pressure prior to a pressure reduction to nearly suction pressure of the compressor and conveyed via a vapor separation container, substantial proportions of the dissolved refrigerant can be fed in at an intermediate pressure connection on the compression path of the screw compressor. Correspondingly more advantageous are the lubrication properties of the remaining partial oil flow at the lubrication connection, and the disadvantages of pressure collapse or foam conveyance at an oil pump are absent, since no oil pump is required with a suitable intermediate pressure.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for the separation of solid matter via flotation. The flotation process for the separation of solid matter from a suspension takes place via the utilization of centrifugal forces wherein the suspension is brought into rotation in a separating zone so that the floated components are particularly effectively routed to and concentrated at the center of the separating space, whereby, when viewed axially, floated components and the remaining portion of the suspension is guided in the same direction and out of the separating zone, with the avoidance of vortexes in the flow stream achieving particularly favorable separation effects. In addition, several apparatuses, for carrying out the process, are also set forth.

Abstract: Apparatus for treatment of a fiber material web with a press gap formed by rolls, wherein at least one of the rolls comprises an adjustable deflection roll with a flexible roll jacket supported in the pressing force plane on a plurality of support elements. A plurality of independent pressing force correction sections that at least substantially do not influence one another are formed over the length of the press gap by the cooperation of the support elements, in particular, hydraulic support elements and associated sections of a roll jacket having inadequate compliance. Preferably the width of the individual correction sections along the press gap lies in the region of 25 mm to 130 mm, and preferably amounts to approximately 50 mm.

Abstract: In a double wire former of a paper machine, a first continuous wire (1) is fed onto an at least partially curved guiding surface (4) so as to converge with a second wire (2), wherein the guiding surface (4) is movable in a form-locked manner relative to the wires. After the dewatering section described above, a further guiding surface (7) follows which, in advantageous embodiments, has an opposite sense of curvature and is fixedly located.

Abstract: Roller mill and milling tool for milling suspended fibrous material. For particularly economical milling of suspended fibrous materials, roller mills and milling tools are utilized in which the radial extent of the working surfaces deviate from the state of the art in that the raised areas, acting in the manner of knives, form working surfaces which extend radially outwardly to a lesser extent than the base surfaces of the milling tools or the corresponding milling tool carriers, whereby it is feasible to utilize the shorter raised areas on the stator side, the rotor side, or on both sides, thereby, via these measures, achieving a particularly economical and uniform comminution.

Abstract: Process and device for drying paper webs, with the process being utilized for drying voluminous paper webs, destined in particular for use as toilet paper, with at least one heated press being used for drying the wet paper web, with the undesirable delamination of the paper web, when it leaves the compression gap, caused by the sudden expansion of the flash steam, being purposefully used in order to improve the volume and softness of the thus produced paper. Several devices are also set forth for implementing the process, these devices having both short and elongate compression gaps.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a winding device for a fiber web having a carrier drum that is at least partially enveloped by the fiber web, wherein a carrier axis for the fiber web is adapted to fed or moved to the carrier drum and is adapted to contact the carrier drum jacket in an axially parallel winding position, with the goal being to further develop winding devices which limit the danger of web tearing and act against the formation of folds in the fiber webs, with this being achieved in that the fiber web is transferred, from a device, which device precedes the carrier drum in the web moving direction, together with a driving band, to the carrier drum and transferred there from the driving band to the carrier drum.

Abstract: A method which influences the thickness and gloss and/or smoothness in the treatment of fiber material webs in at least one press gap formed by rolls, wherein at least one adjustable deflection roll is used and a plurality of correction sections is provided over the press gap length which can be differently influenced with respect to temperature and/or pressure, and wherein, for the decoupling of the two correction procedures possible pressing force changes in the correction sections of the press gap resulting from local changes in diameter of the relevant roll caused by changes of the surface temperature are at least substantially prevented with the support elements and jacket.

Abstract: An apparatus for the comminution of suspended fibre materials is described in which the fibre material is led through milling gaps which are formed between rotor and stator surfaces occupied with milling tools. The rotor which is floatingly journalled at one end has two conical surfaces equipped with milling tools, with the conical surfaces cooperating with complementary counter surfaces of fixed location which are likewise equipped with milling tools to form radially spaced apart milling gaps which extend substantially over the same axial range, or axially sequential conical milling gaps which enlarge in diameter towards the center of the rotor.

Abstract: In a sorting method for fiber suspensions, a dividing wall (3, 3') is used comprising openings via which the compenent particles in the suspension S to be sorted are classified according to their size. The beneficial transporting away of the rejected component particles is thus achieved on the inlet side (4) of the dividing wall (3,3') with the aid of flow blades (7,7'), whereas, on the outlet side (5), pressure pulses produced by clearers (6) act through the openings of the dividing wall preventing them from clogging up.

Abstract: The method serves for the separation of solid materials out of a suspension and is, as a rule, implemented as a floatation method. The suspension (S) to be clarified is added tangentially from the outside at the periphery of a substantially cylindrical clarification volume (1). Damaging flow phenomena, such as for instance turbulence, are removed to the largest possible extent by flow means (2) which are applied prior to the entry of the suspension into the clarification volume so that an optimal flow takes place in the clarification volume (1). The flow is fed to the center of the clarification volume in a substantially spiral path (4), wherein the scum (6), which receives the materials to be separated out, forms on the surface. Various apparatuses for performing the method are proposed.

Abstract: In a calender assembly for treating a web of material (1) in a nip (4) formed by a pair of press rolls (2, 3), at least one roll (3) is heated. In front of and/or behind the nip (4) there is at least one additional roll (8, 9, 14) which can be displaced into the path of the web of material (1) in such a way that the angle of wrap of the web of material (1) at the heated press roll (3) increases. In this way, easy and quick introduction of the web of material is made possible. Further, the heat losses of the heated roll are reduced.

Abstract: A suction roll (1), in particular for a paper web dryer, comprising a perforated roll jacket (2), with at least one non-rotatable hollow shaft (3) which communicates with the interior of the suction roll via openings (7, 7') and at least one closing member (9) displaceable in the axial direction for separating off at least one peripheral region of the suction roll. The at least one, in particular disc-shaped dividing wall (5) is located in the suction roll interior and has at least one, preferably central opening (22). It can be of benefit when the dividing wall (5) corotates with the roll and/or when the at least one closing member (9) has the form of a hollow cylinder. Further, if the non-rotatable hollow shaft (3) is designed to be axially displaceable, it can be used to control the size of the opening (22) in the dividing wall (5).

Abstract: A roll includes a roll jacket (1) which is rotatably journalled on a stationary carrier (2), with an at least approximately stationary active element (3) being arranged between the roll jacket (1) and the carrier (2), and with the space (4) between the carrier (2) and the roll jacket (1) being at least partially filled with a liquid. Such rolls are in particular used in the manufacture or treatment of material webs. In order to reduce the undesired turbulence losses passages are provided which extend through the active elements (3) approximately in the circumferential direction of the roll.

Abstract: Both the drying and also the removal of the water crystalization take place carefully in a respective fluidized bed apparatus (A, B) without any danger of overheating. This is achieved by a complete homogenous fluidization through indirectly heated hot gas. A substantial quantity of energy is transferred via heat exchanger systems (4 or 12) in the fluidized layer. These are heated by heat carrying media. The constructional design of the fluidized bed apparatuses (A, B) which have a rectangular base outline ensures a narrow dwelltime spectrum and a pronounced temperature/moisture profile without the aid of differentially fluidized chambers. Because of the comparatively cold infeed zone and the careful heating which thereby arise the characteristics of the crystals are favourably influenced. The product is characterized by high quality homogenity. In the case of the calcining of moist gypsum no undesired gypsum modifications arise.

Abstract: The press guide roll (15) or web guide roll (4) comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic roll tube (20; 6) and a wire layer (7) wound on the surface of the roll tube (20; 6) in order to form substantially peripherally directed grooves (17). On either side of the roll middle (M), complementary sections (7b, 7c) of the windings (7) are inclined slightly relative to the peripheral direction and thus form a wire layer which is mirror symmetrically disposed about the roll's middle plane (M). The web guide roll (4) therefore laterally guides and automatically centers the material web.

Abstract: The proposed multilayer head box for a paper machine or similar is constructed so that it can produce a wide jet consisting of at least three individual jets (5, 5', 5") The individual jets are fed through separate channels (3, 3", 3") and emitted out of the head box and subsequently combine to form a single wide jet. The individual channels are so constructed that further outer lying jets can be diverted sufficiently after having been emitted out of their respective channel, so that they meet the respective further inner lying partial stream at a very slight angle. The problem of separation when the partial streams are diverted as well as that of undesired lateral mixing when the partial streams are combined are thereby prevented.

Abstract: The press section of a papermaking machine for dewatering a paper web comprises two separate, successively arranged extended nip press locations. Both of the extended nip press locations contain at least one respective felt which travels together with the paper web through the associated extended nip press location. The paper web is guided from the first extended nip press location to a web removal device contacted by an upper felt of the second extended nip press location, and from that location the paper web can move to the second extended nip press location.