Abstract: Provided is a method of providing an artificial intelligence (AI)-based service without exposure of personal information, which includes receiving, by a client apparatus, a user query, performing, by the client apparatus, preprocessing on the user query to replace a target word corresponding to personal information in the user query with a corresponding replacement word, transmitting, by the client apparatus, the preprocessed user query to a service server for providing an AI-based service, and replacing, by the client apparatus, the replacement word in an answer corresponding to the user query that is received from the service server with the target word corresponding thereto.

Abstract: A dry hydrogen production device includes: a reactor to which water or vapor is not supplied; heating means configured to heat the reactor to 200 to 800° C.; a supply line for hydroxide of at least one of alkali and alkali earth connected to the reactor; a biomass supply line connected to the reactor; at least one carrier gas supply line connected to the reactor; a gas phase reaction product outflow line connected to the reactor, a solid-gas separator connected to the gas phase reaction product outflow line; and a gas separator connected to the solid-gas separator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-phenylbenzoxazolo-2-amine and N-phenyloxazolopyridin-2-amine derivatives as novel leukotriene B4 receptor inhibitors, and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for culturing skin-derived stem cells and uses of the same, particularly to a method for culturing skin-derived stem cells; skin-derived stem cells prepared by the method; and a pharmaceutical composition for skin regeneration or wound treatment; a quasi-drug composition; and a cosmetic composition, which contain the prepared skin-derived stem cells, a culture of the skin-derived stem cells, or cells differentiated from the skin-derived stem cells as an active ingredient. According to the culture method of the present invention, stem cells can be effectively isolated and obtained from skin tissue, and the obtained skin-derived stem cells have excellent pluripotency and self-replication ability as well as excellent skin regeneration and wound treatment effects and can be usefully utilized for skin regeneration and wound treatment or improvement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for culturing hair follicle-derived stem cells and uses thereof, particularly to a method for culturing hair follicle-derived stem cells; hair follicle-derived stem cells prepared by the method; and a pharmaceutical composition for hair loss treatment or hair growth promotion; a quasi-drug composition; and a cosmetic composition, which contains the prepared hair follicle-derived stem cells, a culture of the hair follicle-derived stem cells, or cells differentiated from the hair follicle-derived stem cells as an active ingredient. According to the culture method of the present invention, stem cells can be effectively isolated and obtained from hair follicle tissue, and the obtained hair follicle-derived stem cells have excellent pluripotency and self-replication ability as well as excellent hair loss treatment and hair growth promotion effects and can be usefully utilized for hair loss improvement, prevention, or treatment.

Abstract: A frame packing method in an MPEG immersive video format is provided. A frame packing method in association with an immersive-video encoding and decoding method efficiently arranges, on a single screen, texture information and depth information of a basic view and an additional view to increase the coding efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for video encoding and decod-ing using adaptive color transform on a residual signal. In particular, the maximum memory size required for adaptive color transform is limited by: controlling whether to allow color space conversion on a sequence level according to a syntax element indicating the maximum conversion size allowed for a sequence of pictures; or controlling whether to apply color space conversion on a block level according to the size of a coding block.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for video encoding and decod-ing using adaptive color transform on a residual signal. In particular, the maximum memory size required for adaptive color transform is limited by: controlling whether to allow color space conversion on a sequence level according to a syntax element indicating the maximum conversion size allowed for a sequence of pictures; or controlling whether to apply color space conversion on a block level according to the size of a coding block.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for video encoding and decoding using adaptive color transform on a residual signal. In particular, the maximum memory size required for adaptive color transform is limited by: controlling whether to allow color space conversion on a sequence level according to a syntax element indicating the maximum conversion size allowed for a sequence of pictures; or controlling whether to apply color space conversion on a block level according to the size of a coding block.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for video encoding and decoding using adaptive color transform on a residual signal. In particular, the maximum memory size required for adaptive color transform is limited by: controlling whether to allow color space conversion on a sequence level according to a syntax element indicating the maximum conversion size allowed for a sequence of pictures; or controlling whether to apply color space conversion on a block level according to the size of a coding block.

Abstract: A video decoding method is configured to reconstruct a current block that is encoded using an intra prediction. The method includes decoding, from a bitstream, direction information indicating a direction of differential coding applied to a residual block of the current block, generating the residual block from residual signals by reconstructing and using the information on the residual signals from the bitstream and using the direction information, inversely quantizing the modified residual block, generating a prediction block for the current block through intra prediction, and reconstructing the current block by adding the prediction block and the inverse quantized residual block.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for cell imaging including a probe compound, and a method of cell-material imaging using the same. The composition for cell imaging and the method of cell-material imaging are provided to image the material in the cell by measuring fluorescence generated by reacting the probe and a material in a cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for efficiently applying a transform skip mode to a transform block. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a video decoding apparatus determines, based on transform skip information associated with a current block, the transform skip information being decoded from a bitstream, whether a subblock for which transform is skipped and one or more subblocks to which transform is applied are included in the current block. When determining that the current block includes the subblock for which the transform is skipped and the one or more subblocks to which the transform is applied are included in the current block, the video decoding apparatus decodes a first residual subblock using a decoding procedure not involving inverse transform for the subblock for which the transform is skipped, and decodes one or more second residual subblocks using a decoding procedure involving the inverse transform for the one or more subblocks to which the transform is applied.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for video coding using a super-resolution in-loop filter utilize an in-loop filter based on upsampling or super-resolution techniques in processing a video signal through downsampling to the compression and upsampling to the reconstruction thereof. The video decoding method includes obtaining the reconstructed frame, obtaining a scale value representing a resolution difference between the reconstructed frame and the original frame, generating, based on the scale value, an upsampled reconstructed frame by inputting the reconstructed frame into a resampling in-loop filter that is deep learning-based, and storing an output frame as a reference frame once generated by the plurality of filters and the resampling in-loop filter in a decoded picture buffer (DPB).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for video using an in-loop filter based on Transformer. The video coding method and the apparatus apply a current video block to an attention module of a Transformer, which is a deep learning model. The video coding method and the apparatus utilize the resultant Transformer-based in-loop filter.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus, a video encoding apparatus, and an apparatus for transmitting a bitstream containing encoded video data are disclosed. The apparatuses are configured to: determine first and second reference pictures and first and second motion vectors for bi-prediction by decoding a bitstream; generate a first reference block from the first reference picture referenced by the first motion vector and generate a second reference block from the second reference picture referenced by the second motion vector; generate a prediction block of the target block using the first and second reference blocks; generate a residual block based on the prediction block of the target block; and encode the residual block. The apparatuses are configured to generate the prediction block of the target block by performing a bi-directional optical flow process using the first and second reference blocks.

Abstract: A video encoding method, video decoding method, and an apparatus are disclosed. The methods and the apparatus are configured to: determine first and second reference pictures and first and second motion vectors for bi-prediction by decoding a bitstream; generate a first reference block from the first reference picture referenced by the first motion vector and generate a second reference block from the second reference picture referenced by the second motion vector; and generate a prediction block of the target block using the first and second reference blocks. The predictor includes a first coding tool configured to generate the prediction block of the target block by performing a bi-directional optical flow process using the first and second reference blocks.

Abstract: A video decoding method, a video encoding method, and a method of transmitting a bitstream containing encoded video data are disclosed. The methods include determining first and second reference pictures and first and second motion vectors for bi-prediction by decoding a bitstream; generating a first reference block from the first reference picture referenced by the first motion vector and generating a second reference block from the second reference picture referenced by the second motion vector; and generating a prediction block of the target block using the first and second reference blocks. The methods also include generating a residual block of the target block and reconstructing the target block based on the prediction block of the target block and the residual block of the target block.

Abstract: A video decoding method, a video encoding method, and a method for transmitting a bitstream containing encoded video data are disclosed. The methods are configured to: determine first and second reference pictures and first and second motion vectors for bi-prediction by decoding a bitstream; generate a first reference block from the first reference picture referenced by the first motion vector and generate a second reference block from the second reference picture referenced by the second motion vector; and generate a prediction block of the target block using the first and second reference blocks. The methods are also configured to generate the prediction block for a subblock of size 4×4 split from the target block by performing a bi-directional optical flow process using the first and second reference blocks.

Abstract: A method, a data processing apparatus, and a positioning apparatus for generating a fingerprint map for an unexplored area are proposed. The method includes receiving, by a data processing apparatus, locations of reference points and locations of a plurality of access points (APs) for a service area, extracting, by the data processing apparatus, feature vectors for each AP on a basis of the locations of the reference points and the locations of the APs, generating, by the data processing apparatus, a fingerprint map for each of the APs by inputting, as conditions, the feature vectors extracted for each corresponding AP into a previously trained generative model for each of the APs and inputting random noise, and generating, by the data processing apparatus, a final fingerprint map for the service area by combining the fingerprint maps generated for the APs.