Abstract: A pharmaceutical preparation consisting of retinoic acid and/or an ester of retinoic acid and/or an ester of retinol as active substances, which are present in the preparation form of aerosol, is advantageously suitable for topical treatment of mucosal diseases in man and animal.

Abstract: Bisacylphosphine oxides of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands, for example, for a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1-18 alkyl radical,a cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical,a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical substituted by F, Cl, Br, I, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl and/or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxyl, oran S or N-containing 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which are the same or different, stand for a cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical,a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical substituted by F, Cl, Br, I, C.sub.1-4 alkyl and/or C.sub.1-4 alkoxyl, oran S or N-containing 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; orR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are joined to form a ring which contains from 4 to 10 carbon atoms and which may be substituted by 1 to 6 C.sub.1-4 alkyl radicals.The compounds are prepared by oxidation of the corresponding bisacylphosphines.

Abstract: An apparatus for the fabrication of models of teeth and their arrangement. The apparatus includes an approximately U-shaped tooth arrangement support, and a base plate to which the support is detachably connected. This connection between the tooth arrangement support and the base plate is ensured by magnetic forces.

Abstract: Bisacylphosphine oxides of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands, for example, for a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1-18 alkyl radical,a cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical,a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical substituted by F, Cl, B, I, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl and/or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxyl, oran S or N-containing 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which are the same or different, stand for a cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical,a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl radical substituted by F, Cl, Br, I, C.sub.1-4 alkyl and/or C.sub.1-4 alkoxyl, oran S or N-containing 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; orR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are joined to form a ring which contains from 4 to 10 carbon atoms and which may be substituted by 1 to 6 C.sub.1-4 alkyl radicals.The compounds are prepared by oxidation of the corresponding bisacylphosphines.

Abstract: Completely removable retention means are applied onto casting patterns for dental prosthetic metal constructions by coating the casting pattern with an adhesive coating composition to hold said retention means in position, said composition containing at least one photopolymerizable compound the polymerization of which is inhibited by oxygen, and at least one photopolymerization initiator, irradiating the coated casting pattern, applying the retention means, and irradiating the casting pattern once more.

Abstract: A method of making individual castings. In the production of individual castings, in particular in dental engineering, the casting is usually premodeled in wax. However, this casting model is very susceptible to deformation, which leads to inaccuracies in the fit of the casting. With the present method, at least a part of the casting model is built up from a photopolymerizable compound which burns leaving no residue. Advantageously, the curing is carried out, in the presence of a suitable initiator, with visible light; the basis of the compound is a photopolymerizable (meth)acrylic acid ester. In dental engineering, with the present method there is made possible in a simple manner to build up form-stable casting models for making crowns, bridges, and inlays and, particularly favorably, complicated secondary parts for removable dental appliances.

Abstract: The physical properties, especially resistance to abrasion, to bending and to pressure, of plaster models for use in dentistry are improved in that a plaster model obtained in a manner known in the art is impregnated with (a) at least one photopolymerizable ester of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, (b) at least one photopolymerization initiator, and (c) optionally at least one photopolymerization activator--(a), (b) and (c) being present in liquid or dissolved state--and the impregnated plaster model is irradiated with light suitable to initiate photopolymerization by the photoinitiator.

Abstract: A one-hand operated dispenser for metering dental compositions comprises a casing for accommodating the dental composition between a forward dispensing opening and a plunger which is slidable within the casing. The plunger is advanced by means of a threaded spindle which engages in a nut mounted at the casing rear end so as to be secured against rotation and axial displacement. The casing rear end is rotatably supported within a sleeve which in turn is detachably inserted in a handle. The sleeve is formed with an axially extending slot through which a finger is visible which is disposed at the rear end of the spindle. When the handle is gripped, the casing may be rotated between the thumb and index finger such that the spindle advances the plunger thereby urging the dental composition out of the dispensing opening. During the forward movement of the spindle the finger travels forwardly in the axially extending slot and indicates the level of the dental composition.

Abstract: Polyvinyl butyral with a degree of acetalization of at least 75% is added to a dental cement on basis of calcium hydroxide and salicyclic esters of aliphatic alcohols. By this additive improved water resistance and increased compressive strength upon hardening are imparted to the dental cement. The obtained dental cement furthermore has strongly alkaline pH value, so that an effective protection of the pulp can be achieved and formation of a secondary dentin layer is stimulated. In the common formulation of the materials for the dental cement in form of two separate mixing components the polyvinyl butyral can be added either to the mixing component containing the salicylic acid ester or to the mixing component containing the calcium hydroxide, or also to both components.

Abstract: Imidazoles in dissolved form act as an agent for retarding the gelation of the polymerization of aziridine compounds initiated with sulfonium salts. The composition is particularly useful in dentistry applications, such as in the preparation of impressions and provisional denture parts.

Abstract: Powdered dental material of a sintered mixture of calcium aluminum fluorosilicate glass and precious metals (or alloys thereof with each other or with up to 40% non-precious metals), which may optionally contain polycarboxylic acid and/or a chelating agent and/or further powdered precious metal. The dental material can be prepared by sintering a mixture of the glass and the precious metal at a temperature greater than 600.degree. C., grinding the sintered product to a powder and admixing the optional further components. Use of the self-hardening glass ionomer cements for dental filling purposes gives fillings having excellent resistance to wear, most notably at the edges and corners in the molar region.

Abstract: Impression materials based on cross-linked aziridino-polyester compounds which tend to adhere to the surface to be reproduced, are made nonadhesive by the addition of 1-15% by weight of oleic acid ethanolamide with respect to the aziridino-polyether component, and may thereafter be more easily and smoothly released from the object to be reproduced.

Abstract: A calcium aluminum fluorosilicate glass powder is disclosed which has average particle size of at least 0.5 microns, and is characterized in that the calcium in the surface of the powder's particles is depleted so that the quotient of the atomic ratio Si/Ca at the surface of the particles and the atomic ratio Si/Ca in the core region of the particles is at least 2.0, more preferably at least 3.0 and most preferably at least 4.0. The glass powder may be prepared by surface treating calcium aluminum fluorosilicate glass powder particles with an acid which forms calcium salts, washing the calcium salts off the treated particles and drying the washed particles.The glass powder has utility in self-hardening glass ionomer cements, such as dental or bone cements. Cements formed from the glass powder exhibit reduced periods of water sensitivity, while permitting sufficient time for processing.

Abstract: Dental glass ionomer cements are obtained by using as a mixing component for preparing the final cement mixture either a liquid mixing component comprising an aqueous solution of a certain maleic acid-acrylic acid-copolymer and optionally usual additives or a solid, powdery mixing component comprising a powder mixture of a glass ionomer cement powder and the maleic acid-acrylic acid-copolymer in solid form and optionally usual additives.

Abstract: An apparatus for irradiating substances curable by radiation comprises a lamp the emitted radiation of which includes both the UVA or near-UVA spectral range required for the curing and spectral ranges outside these useful ranges. A glass substrate surrounding the lamp has an ellipsoidal concave surface carrying a thin-film filter which reflects only the useful radiation but transmits the undesired spectral ranges, particularly the major portion of the visible light and the thermal radiation. When the power consumption of the lamp decreases as a result of clustering of the filament, the power supply is periodically interrupted thereby producing a flashing signal to warn the user.

Abstract: An improved photopolymerizable composition based on acrylic or methacrylic acid esters is disclosed. In addition to the mono- or polyfunctional acrylic or methacrylic acid ester compounds, an aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic-aromatic organic phosphite compound (in an amount of from about 0.1 to 20 percent by weight of the photopolymerizable ester compounds) and a monoketal of an aromatic 1,2-diketone compound (e.g., benzildimethylketal) are included as ultraviolet initiators to dramatically reduce the polymerization time of the composition without adversely affecting its stability.

Abstract: A novel process for the polymerization of aziridine compounds is disclosed. The polymerization process includes mixing an aziridine compound with a polymerization initiator having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical of 1 to 18 C atoms,R.sup.2 is an alkyl radical of 1 to 18 C atoms or a phenyl alkyl radical of 7 to 18 C atoms, wherein said alkyl radicals may contain an ester group and/or ether group, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen, an alkyl radical of 1 to 18 C atoms, and/or an aryl radical which can be substituted with a chloro, nitro or alkoxy group, whereby the alkyl radicals of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together or in combination with B can form a cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic ring, B is an electron attracting radical, and A.sup..crclbar. is a non-nucleophilic anion.Polyimines are quickly formed at ambient temperature.

Abstract: An improved dental composition having shortened hardening time and after hardening increased compressive strength and abrasion resistance, including a radical-inducing compound and a polymerizable acrylic or methacrylic acid ester or diester compound with at least 20 percent by weight of the polymerizable compound being the diacrylic or dimethacrylic acid ester of bishydroxymethyltricyclo [5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]-decane. Other monofunctional or difunctional acrylic or methacrylic acid esters as well as fillers, pigments and stabilizers can be included.

Abstract: An improved process for the photopolymerization of compositions including photopolymerizable acrylic or methacrylic acid esters and an initiator (e.g., a benzoin compound) is disclosed. The addition of 0.1 to 20 weight percent (based on the amount of polymerizable material) of an organic phosphite substantially reduces the polymerization time of the resulting composition.

Abstract: An improvement in the redox polymerization of unsaturated compounds, e.g., acrylic or methacrylic acids or their ester derivatives, using novel accelerators is disclosed. The polymerization is performed utilizing as the accelerator N,N-bis-hydroxyalkyl-3,5-di-t-butyl anilines having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are H or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The resulting polymers are highly resistant to discoloration.