Abstract: The inventive waveguide structure comprises a first waveguide region having a constant first width adapted to guide electromagnetic waves mode sustainably along its longitudinal axis; a second waveguide region adapted to guide electromagnetic waves mode sustainably along its longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis of the first waveguide region and the longitudinal axis of the second waveguide region form a common longitudinal axis of the waveguide structure, wherein a first end face of the first waveguide region and a first end face of the second waveguide region are aligned with each other, the width of the first end face of the second waveguide region corresponding to the first width, and the width of the second waveguide region along its longitudinal axis widens from the first end face to a second end face to a second width greater than the first width.

Abstract: A radiation detector comprises an antenna structure; and a field effect transistor structure having a source region, a gate region, and a drain region, arranged on a substrate and forming mutually independent electrically conductive electrode structures through metallization, wherein the gate electrode structure completely encloses the source electrode structure or the drain electrode structure in a first plane; the enclosed electrode structure extends up to above the gate electrode structure and there overlaps the enclosure in a second plane above the first plane at least in sections in a planar manner; wherein an electrically insulating region for forming a capacitor with a metal-insulator-metal structure is arranged between the regions of the gate electrode structure overlapped by the enclosed electrode structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical pulse generator comprising an active optical component adapted to emit optical radiation and electronic components of a means for electronically driving the optical component to excite the optical component to a pulsed emission of optical radiation, wherein the electronic components are arranged on a first side of a first submount, contact surfaces of the means for electronically driving are arranged on an opposite second side of the first submount, and the electronic components are connected to the contact surfaces of the means for electronically driving using electrically conductive vias in the first submount.

Abstract: Raman spectroscopy methods and devices are disclosed. The method includes irradiation of excitation radiation onto a sample to be examined. The sample is irradiated with a first excitation radiation of a first excitation wavelength and a different second excitation radiation of a second excitation wavelength. The first excitation radiation scattered by the sample is wavelength-selective filtered by means of a passive filter element. A transmitted filter wavelength of the filter element differs from at least the first excitation wavelength and the second excitation wavelength. A first intensity is determined through a single-channel detector assigned to the filter wavelength from the first excitation radiation scattered and filtered by the sample. Additionally, the filter element wavelength-selective filters the second excitation radiation scattered by the sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to a xanthine derivative defined by chemical formula I or a salt thereof, its use as a medicament, especially for use in the treatment of serotonin-related diseases or disorders, and a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the xanthine derivative. The novel xanthine compounds are capable of inhibiting tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH) involved in the biosynthesis of serotonin and are effective in influencing the serotonin level in the body.

Abstract: The present invention provides means and methods for equipping a polypeptide of interest at its C-terminus with a versatile adaptor amino acid that allows the functionalization of the polypeptide of interest.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an to an optical device comprising a micro-optical system and a retainer, and to a method for producing an optical device. In the case of the device according to the invention, the micro-optical system (10) is fastened in such a way that the micro-optical system is oriented in relation to a surface (50) of the retainer (60). The device is characterized in that the retainer (60) has a round, tapered recess (40) and the micro-optical system (10) is fastened on a spherical cap (20) and the spherical cap (20) is fastened to the retainer (60), wherein the spherical cap (20) at least partially protrudes into the recess (40) and lies against a partial surface (30) of the recess (40) or an edge (41) in the recess (40), wherein the spherical cap (20) is fastened to the retainer (60) in the recess (40), but is not fastened where the spherical cap lies in contact.

Abstract: The invention relates to a xanthine derivative defined by chemical formula I or a salt thereof, its use as a medicament, especially for use in the treatment of serotonin-related diseases or disorders, and a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the xanthine derivative. The novel xanthine compounds are capable of inhibiting tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH) involved in the biosynthesis of serotonin and are effective in influencing the serotonin level in the body.

Abstract: Chemical compounds are useful in the treatment of a subject afflicted by a thyroid disease. The compounds exhibit activity as thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) antagonists and can be used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease, Graves' Ophthalmopathy and thyroid cancer.

Abstract: A diode laser comprises an n-type first cladding layer, an n-type first waveguide layer arranged on the first cladding layer, an active layer suitable for radiation generation and arranged on the first waveguide layer, a p-type second waveguide layer arranged on the active layer, a p-type second cladding layer which is arranged on the second waveguide layer, an n-type first intermediate layer being formed as a transition region between the first waveguide layer and the active layer, and a p-type second intermediate layer being formed as a transition region between the second waveguide layer and the active layer. The diode laser according to the invention is characterized in that the asymmetry ratio of the thickness of the first intermediate layer to the sum of the thickness of the first intermediate layer and the thickness of the second intermediate layer is less than or greater than 0.5.

Abstract: A radiation detector comprises an antenna structure; and a field effect transistor structure having a source region, a gate region, and a drain region, arranged on a substrate and forming mutually independent electrically conductive electrode structures through metallization, wherein the gate electrode structure completely encloses the source electrode structure or the drain electrode structure in a first plane; the enclosed electrode structure extends up to above the gate electrode structure and there overlaps the enclosure in a second plane above the first plane at least in sections in a planar manner; wherein an electrically insulating region for forming a capacitor with a metal-insulator-metal structure is arranged between the regions of the gate electrode structure overlapped by the enclosed electrode structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laser diode (10) which has at least one active layer (12) which is arranged within a resonator (14) and is operatively connected to a outcoupling element (16), and further at least one contact layer (18) for coupling charge carriers into the active layer (12), wherein the resonator (14) comprises at least a first section (20) and a second section (22), wherein the second section (22) comprises a plurality of separate resistor elements (24) having a specific electrical resistivity greater than the specific electrical resistivity of the regions (26) between adjacent resistor elements (24), wherein a width (W3) of the resistor elements (24) along a longitudinal axis (X1) of the active layer (12) is less than 20 ?m, and a projection of the resistor elements (24) on the active layer (12) along the first axis (Z1) overlap with at least 10% of the active layer (12).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a modulator for a digital amplifier and a device comprising such a modulator and a digital amplifier. The modulator includes a pulse shaper and a control unit for controlling the pulse shaper to convert an input signal into a bit stream configured for a digital amplifier which encodes an amplitude value per clock of a carrier signal. The pulse shaper can represent a respective amplitude value of the input signal with different bit patterns. The control unit includes an assignment of the control commands to associated amplitude values resulting from amplification of the associated bit patterns with the digital amplifier is stored or at least is provided in that the control unit selects a control command per clock by means of the assignment and the amplitude value of the input signal and drives the pulse shaper accordingly.

Abstract: Optical systems and methods for spectroscopy are described. The optical system may be particularly suitable for Raman spectroscopy and includes a multispectral excitation source, designed to emit monochromatic excitation radiation successively at at least two different excitation wavelengths along a common beam axis; an elongated flow volume with a longitudinal axis, designed to direct a particle flow along the longitudinal axis; an excitation beam path, designed to irradiate the monochromatic excitation radiation into the flow volume at a first position and the second position that are located in the flow volume and the first position is spaced apart from the second position; and a detection device, designed to wavelength-selectively filter and detect a portion of a radiation scattered from the first position at a first filter wavelength and to wavelength-selectively filter and detect a portion of a radiation scattered from the second position at a second filter wavelength.

Abstract: The inventive waveguide structure comprises a first waveguide region having a constant first width adapted to guide electromagnetic waves mode sustainably along its longitudinal axis; a second waveguide region adapted to guide electromagnetic waves mode sustainably along its longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis of the first waveguide region and the longitudinal axis of the second waveguide region form a common longitudinal axis of the waveguide structure, wherein a first end face of the first waveguide region and a first end face of the second waveguide region are aligned with each other, the width of the first end face of the second waveguide region corresponding to the first width, and the width of the second waveguide region along its longitudinal axis widens from the first end face to a second end face to a second width greater than the first width.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemical compounds that can in particular be used as structural mimetics of proline-rich peptides. The compounds of the present invention are capable of selectively inhibiting ena/VASP-EVH1-mediated protein-protein interactions. The invention further relates to the use of said compounds as pharmaceutical agents and to the use of the pharmaceutical agents to treat tumor diseases. The chemical compounds of the present invention can significantly inhibit the chemotaxis and motility of invasive tumor cells and can therefore be used in the treatment and/or prevention of tumor metastases.

Abstract: Laser diode comprises an active layer; a waveguiding region at least partially surrounding the active layer; a rear facet; a front facet designed for outcoupling laser radiation, wherein the active layer extends at least partially along a first axis (X) between the rear facet and the front facet; and a grating operatively connected to the waveguiding region, wherein the grating comprises a plurality of bridges and trenches designed such that an average increase of a coupling parameter P for the plurality of trenches along the grating is non-zero, wherein the coupling parameter P of a trench is defined by the equation, wherein dres is a distance of the trench to the active layer, w is a width of the trench and ?n is the refractive index difference between a refractive index of the trench and a refractive index of a material surrounding the trench.

Abstract: The invention relates to a xanthine derivative defined by chemical formula I or a salt thereof, its use as a medicament, especially for use in the treatment of serotonin-related diseases or disorders, and a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the xanthine derivative. The novel xanthine compounds are capable of inhibiting tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH) involved in the biosynthesis of serotonin and are effective in influencing the serotonin level in the body.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a light-conducting device. The light-conducting device includes k>1 first deflection devices that are parallel to one another and arranged along a first direction (X), and k second deflection devices that are parallel to one another and arranged along a second direction (Y) perpendicular to the first direction. A third direction (Z) is perpendicular to the first and second direction (X, Y). Each of the second deflection devices is arranged in a same fourth direction (P) with respect to one of the first deflection devices. The first deflection devices comprise optical axes directed in a fifth direction, and the second deflection devices comprise optical axes directed opposite to the fifth direction. The fifth direction is an angle bisector of an angle between the third and the fourth direction.

Abstract: Chemical compounds are useful in the treatment of a subject afflicted by a thyroid disease. The compounds exhibit activity as thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) antagonists and can be used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease, Graves' Ophthalmopathy and thyroid cancer.