Abstract: The invention relates to an optical arrangement having a division element which divides an input beam consisting of a sequence of temporally equidistant light pulses into two spatially separate partial beams, at least one optical element through which at least one of the partial beams propagates, and at least one combination element which spatially superimposes the partial beams in an output beam. It is the object of the present invention to show a method for increasing the pulse energy of light pulses which is improved in comparison with the prior art. The invention solves this problem by virtue of the fact that the combination element superimposes a number of the temporally successive light pulses in a single light pulse in the output beam. The invention also relates to a method for increasing the pulse energy of light pulses.

Abstract: A method for producing an aluminum layer is provided. The method includes depositing a metallic seed layer on a substrate, the seed layer having a thickness of not more than 5 nm, and also includes applying the aluminum layer to the seed layer, wherein the aluminum layer has a thickness of more than 30 nm. Further, an optical element, which can be a mirror layer, is provided including the metallic seed layer and the aluminum layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating a sequence of laser pulses consisting of pulse bursts. The object of the invention is to provide a possibility of generating laser pulses for material processing in the burst mode at a high quality based on the principle of beam combination.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus for processing an object (1) by means of interfering laser beams. It is the task of the invention to provide for an improved compensation of the aberrations accumulated over the beam path in such processes/apparatuses, since these are a substantial disturbing factor with respect to the precision in structuring the material. Furthermore, the influence of the period course, i.e. the spatial modulation of the period of the modification produced in the material of the object (1), shall be improved. The invention proposes that laser radiation is generated as a collimated laser beam (3). The intensity distribution and/or the phase progression is influenced over the cross-section of the laser beam (3) to correct aberrations. The laser beam (3) is divided into two partial beams (6, 7). Finally, the partial beams (6, 7) are deflected and focused so that the partial beams (6, 7) overlap in a processing zone (10) in the material of the object (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for producing a Bessel beam (5), comprising a beam-forming element (2), which transforms a beam (1) incident as a plane electromagnetic wave into a Bessel beam (5). According to the invention, the beam-forming element (2) comprises at least one annular lens (3, 3?) and a Fourier optical unit, e.g. in the form of a Fourier lens (4).

Abstract: Exemplary method, computer-accessible medium and system can be provided for determining the presence or absence of a local and/or global property of a biological tissue sample. Thus, it is possible to obtain at least one image of the sample, search the image(s) for a presence of at least one particular feature that is contained in a pre-defined set of features, and assign, to the particular feature(s). It is possible to compute, with a computer processor, at least one discriminant value that is a function of the pronunciation index that is weighted with a particular weight. The weight of each pronunciation index is a measure for a relevance of the corresponding feature with respect to the property. It is possible to determine whether the property is present in at least one part of the biological tissue sample depending on whether the discriminant value exceeds a pre-defined threshold and/or and optimized threshold.

Abstract: A contamination-repellent mirror and a method for producing the same. In an embodiment a contamination-repellent mirror includes a mirror layer disposed on a substrate, wherein the mirror layer has a reflection maximum in a wavelength range between 1 nm and 50 nm, a nanorough layer arranged on the mirror layer, wherein the nanorough layer has an rms roughness between 1 nm and 50 nm, and wherein a hygrophobic cover layer is arranged on the nanorough layer or the nanorough layer comprises a hygrophobic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for machining a transparent workpiece (4) by generating non-linear absorption of laser radiation in a laser beam focus located in a volume of the workpiece (4). The object of the invention is that of providing a method of improved precision and quality, and a corresponding device, for laser machining of workpieces. In particular, it is also intended for it to be possible for workpieces made of composite materials or of other special materials, such as filter glass, to be machined at an improved level of quality. For this purpose, the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: spectroscopic measurement of the linear absorption of the laser radiation in the workpiece (4), selecting a working wavelength at which the linear absorption is low, and machining the workpiece (4) by means of application of laser radiation at the working wavelength. The invention furthermore relates to a corresponding device for machining a transparent workpiece (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for stably transmitting laser radiation through an optical waveguide (3), wherein two or more modes of the laser radiation propagating in the optical waveguide (3) interfere and form a mode interference pattern in the optical waveguide, as a result of which a thermally induced refractive index grating is produced in the optical waveguide (3). It is an object of the invention to demonstrate an effective approach for stabilizing the output signal of the optical waveguide (3) in a fiber-based laser/amplifier combination at high output powers, i.e. for avoiding mode instability. The invention achieves this object by virtue of the fact that a relative spatial phase shift between the mode interference pattern and the thermally induced refractive index grating is set in the direction of propagation of the laser radiation.

Abstract: A method for producing a reflector element and a reflector element are disclosed. In an embodiment the method includes depositing a layer sequence on a substrate, wherein the layer sequence includes at least one mirror layer and at least one reactive multilayer system and igniting the reactive multilayer system in order to activate heat input in the layer sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (III) or to compounds of formula (IV) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the claims, and their use in therapeutic treatments of 5-lipoxygenase related diseases such as chronic airway inflammatory or dermatological disorders.

Abstract: A method of propagating a laser signal through an optical waveguide and a waveguide laser system provide a novel way of stabilizing the beam emitted by a fiber laser system above the mode instability threshold wherein the beat length of two or more interfering transverse modes of the laser signal in the optical waveguide is modulated in time.

Abstract: An optical element including a reflective coating is disclosed. In an embodiment the reflective coating includes an adhesion-promoting layer, an at least partially reflective silver layer disposed on the adhesion-promoting layer and a protective layer system disposed on the silver layer, wherein the protective layer system includes a plurality of dielectric layers, wherein the dielectric layers include at least one first layer and at least one second layer, wherein the first layer and the second layer have a different resistance to at least two different contamination substances, wherein the dielectric layers have a thickness of not more than 30 nm, and wherein a number of the dielectric layers amounts to at least five.

Abstract: A device, for spatially measuring surfaces, includes a projector for projecting patterns into an object space, two cameras for recording pictures of a surface in the object space, and a control and evaluation unit for activating the cameras and evaluating the pictures. The projector includes a light source, a projection lens, at least one rotatably arranged pattern structure, and a drive for rotating the at least one pattern structure. The control and evaluation unit to: activate the cameras for simultaneously recording a picture at each of a plurality of successive points in time; identify corresponding points in the picture planes of the cameras, by way of evaluating a correlation function between the sequences of brightness values acquired for potentially corresponding points and maximizing a value of the correlation; and determine spatial coordinates of surface points by way of triangulation on the basis of the identified corresponding points.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing an optical component having at least three monolithically arranged optical functional surfaces and an optical component are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dialysis solution having at least one osmotic agent, with the osmotic agent being a polysaccharide modified by 2-sulfoethyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to small molecule compounds and their use as HDAC inhibitors and in the treatment of various diseases, such as cancer. The present invention further relates to methods of synthesizing the compounds and methods of treatment. H-L(HA), H is a head group selected from (head group 1), (head group 2), (head group 3), (head group 4), (head group 5) and (head group 6).

Abstract: An illumination unit for lithographic exposure and a device for lithographic exposure are disclosed. In an embodiment the illumination unit includes a beam source, an electronically drivable beam deflection element for generating a temporally varying two-dimensional beam deflection, a collimation lens, a beam homogenizing element, a Fourier lens and a field lens.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical array comprising a splitting element (1) which splits an input beam (E) into at least two partial beams (T1, T2, T3, T4), at least one optical element (V1, V2, V3, V4, MV) through which at least one of the partial beams (T1, T2, T3, T4) propagates, and at least one combining element (4) which spatially superimposes the partial beams (T1, T2, T3, T4) in one output beam (A). The object of the invention is to provide an optical array which is improved over the prior art and which permits effective and simple splitting of the input light beam, in particular a laser beam with pulsed or continuous emission. The invention achieves this object in that the splitting element (1) and/or the combining element (4) each have a partially reflective element (2, 2?) which reflects the radiation of the input beam (E) or of the output beam (A) two or more times, wherein the partially reflective element (2, 2?) has zones (a, b, c, d) of different reflectivity.

Abstract: A method of propagating a laser signal through an optical waveguide and a waveguide laser system provide a novel way of stabilizing the beam emitted by a fiber laser system above the mode instability threshold wherein the beat length of two or more interfering transverse modes of the laser signal in the optical waveguide is modulated in time.