Abstract: A composition for treating frequent urination and/or urinary incontinence comprising a compound having an activity to inhibit Na+/H+ exchange transporter or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) in which R1 is halo, lower alkoxy, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heterecyclic group or optionally substituted lower alkynyl, R2 is amidated carboxy, R3 is hydrogen or acyl, Ar is aryl or heterocyclic group, X is thia, sulfinyl or sulfonyl, Y and Z are each lower alkylene, m and n are each an integer of 0 to 2, and a salt thereof, useful as inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) or the production of tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF ?)

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preventing and/or treating bone diseases which comprises administering a potentiator of TGF-beta activity such as the compound of the formula [I] or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof to human being or animals. wherein R1 is hydrogen, etc., R2 is optionally substituted ar(lower)alkyl or optionally substituted heterocyclic(lower)alkyl, etc., R3 is hydrogen, optionally substituted hydroxy, etc., R4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, and X is CH or N.

Abstract: The present invention provides: proteins suppressing or promoting the aggregation or deposition of amyloid-? protein; polynucleotides encoding the proteins; a method for screening a compound suppressing or promoting the aggregation or deposition of amyloid-? protein; and therapeutic agents for treating or preventing Alzheimer's diseases comprising a compound that regulates the activity of a protein suppressing or promoting the aggregation or deposition of amyloid-? protein.

Abstract: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Clinical course of MDS can be divided into several stages; an indolent chronic phase termed “refractory anemia (RA)” or “RA with ringed sideroblasts”, and advanced stages including “RA with excess of blasts (RAEB)” and MDS-associated leukemia. Despite a relatively high incidence of MDS, there are few effective means to treat individuals at its advanced stages. DNA microarray would be a useful tool to clarify the molecular pathogenesis of, and to develop novel treatments against, MDS. However, a simple comparison with DNA microarray of bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells from individuals at distinct stages of MDS would mainly lead to the identification of “pseudo-positive” genes whose expression alterations only reflect the difference in the proportion of MDS blasts within BM.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a pharmaceutical starting compound compound by hydrolyzing a compound of the general formula (II): Wherein R1 is protected carboxy, R2 is lower alkoxy or higher alkoxy, A1 is an aromatic bivalent group, heterocyclic bivalent group or cyclo(lower)alkane bivalent group, and A2 is an aromatic bivalent group, heterocyclic bivalent group or cyclo(lower)alkane bivalent group, with aqueous potassium hydroxide and by treating with hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: A pyrazine derivative of the following formula (I): wherein R1 is hydrogen or optionally substituted lower alkyl; X is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, acyl, or amino, aryl, heterocyclic group or the like; Y is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, acyl, amino, or the like; Z is aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted; or a salt thereof. The pyrazine compound (I) and a salt thereof of the present invention are adenosine antagonists and are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of depression, dementia (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular dementia, dementia accompanying Parkinson's disease, etc.), Parkinson's disease, anxiety, pain, cerebrovascular disease (e.g. stroke, etc.), heart failure and the like.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a protein participating in the regulation of sugar production, a polynucleotide encoding the same, a method of screening a compound participating in the regulation of sugar production and a drug for treating or preventing diabetes which contains the compound participating in the regulation of sugar production. A polynucleotide encoding a protein specifically binding to a substance WF00144 is found out from rat liver cells and thus a protein participating in the regulation of sugar production and a polynucleotide encoding the same are provided. Moreover, a method and a substance relating to a method of treating and preventing diabetes are found out and thus a method of treating diabetes relating to the regulation of sugar production relating to the method of treating and preventing diabetes is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides: proteins suppressing or promoting the aggregation or deposition of amyloid-? protein; polynucleotides encoding the proteins; a method for screening a compound suppressing or promoting the aggregation or deposition of amyloid-? protein; and therapeutic agents for treating or preventing Alzheimer's diseases comprising a compound that regulates the activity of a protein suppressing or promoting the aggregation or deposition of amyloid-? protein.

Abstract: This invention provides a pharmaceutical agent containing, in combination, a sulfonamide compound and other therapeutic agent, preferably, at least one compound represented by the formula (I): R1—SO2—NH—CO-A1-CH2—R2 [each symbol is as defined in the specification] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutical agent selected from the group consisting of an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, an insulin secretagogue, a sulfonylurea and a biguanide, which has a superior therapeutic effect.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for prostate cancer and malignant lymphoma containing FK228 or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and a method for evaluating an antitumor effect of a histone deacetylase inhibitor which includes at least a step of treating a test cell with a histone deacetylase inhibitor, a step of measuring change in the expression amount of a specific gene in the test cell before and, after the treatment with the inhibitor, comparing the both expression amounts.

Abstract: Macrolide compound (I) is provided for treating or preventing erectile dysfunction, which is, for example, induced by or secondary to diseases, alcoholism, aging, arterial insufficiency, venous leakage, hormonal insufficiency, drug use, surgery, chemotherapy or radiation, particularly, for preventing or treating an erectile dysfunction of mammals.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): wherein R1 is lower alkyl which is optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, N,N-di(lower)alkylcarbamoyl, phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, or heterocyclic group, cyclo(lower)alkyl, lower alkynyl, or N,N-di(lower)alkylcarbamoyl; R2 is lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, cyano, or 1H-pyrrol-1-yl; R3 is lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or cyano; X is O, S, SO or SO2; Y and Z are each CH or N; and m is 0 or 1; or salts thereof, which are useful as a medicament.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): wherein ring A is a carbocyclic group, R1 is hydrogen or a halogen atom or a lower alkyl group, R2 is a di(lower)alkylamino group or N-containing heterocyclic group, among which the N-containing heterocyclic group may be substituted with one or more substituent(s), Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom, n is an integer from 0 to 2, and m is an integer from 0 to 4, or its prodrug, or their salt which has poly(adenosine 5?-diphospho-ribose)polymerase inhibiting activity.

Abstract: A sustained-release formulation is provided comprising a solid dispersion composition comprising a tricyclic compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in a mixture comprising a water-soluble polymer and a water-insoluble polymer, and an excipient.

Abstract: This invention relates to piperazine derivatives of the formula: wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, to processes for preparation thereof, to pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and to a use of the same for treating or preventing Tachykinin-mediated diseases in human being or animals.

Abstract: Methods for treating or preventing airflow obstructions, such as the obstruction induced by cigarette smoke, comprising administering macrolide compounds, such as the FK506 substance and its related compounds, are provided. Compositions containing such compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A sulfonamide compound of the formula (I): R1—SO2NHCO—A—X—R2??(I) wherein R1 is alky, alkenyl, alkynyl and the like; A is an optionally substitutedheteropolycyclic group except benzimidazolyl, indolyl, 4,7-dihydrobenzimidazolyland 2,3-dihydrobenzoxazinyl; X is alkylene, oxa, oxa(lower)alkylene and the like; and R2 is optionally substituted aryl, substituted biphenylyl and the like, a salt thereof and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. The sulfonamide compound is effective for the diseases treatable based on their blood sugar level-depressing activity, cGMP-PDE (especially PDE-V)-inhibiting activity, smooth muscle relaxing activity, bronchodilating activity, vasodilating activity, smooth muscle cell suppressing activity, and antiallergic activity.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: [wherein X1 and X2 each is independently lower alkylene; X3 is ?CH2, ?CHF or ?CF2; R1 is substituent, R2 and R3 each is independently H or lower alkyl; n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.]having the activity inhibiting DPP-IV activity. They are therefore useful in the treatment of conditions mediated by DPP-IV, such as NIDDM.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound formula[I]: wherein X is bond, —CH2—, —O— or —NH—, R1 and R12 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, etc., R2 is hydrogen or optionally substituted lower alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or an amino protective group, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen or optionally substituted lower alkyl, R7 is -Z-R13, in which Z is bond, etc., and R13 is carboxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, (lower alkylsulfonyl)carbamoyl or lower alkanoylsulfamoyl, R8 is —Y—R9, in which Y is bond, —CH2—, —O—, —S—, etc., and R9 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cyclo(lower)alkyl, etc., and R11 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, etc., or a salt thereof. The compound [I] of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful for the prophylactic and/or the therapeutic treatment of pollakiurea or urinary incontinence.