Abstract: An apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment including a treatment unit; an extracorporeal blood circuit; an infusion line of a replacement fluid; a dialysis line connected in inlet to the second chamber; a fluid evacuation line; sensors for determining a first parameter relating to a patient's blood volume (BV %), a second parameter relating to an ultrafiltration flow rate (UFR) or to a patient's weight loss rate (WLR), a third parameter (Cd, Na) relating to a conductivity or concentration of a liquid crossing the dialysis line and/or the infusion line, and a fourth parameter relating to an infusion flow rate (QINF), and a control unit performing a control procedure to determine a variation in blood volume (BV %) and perform a setting sequence, wherein the control unit regulates a transmembrane pressure (TMP) to values which enable maximizing the convective exchanges.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment is described, including a treatment unit, an extracorporeal blood circuit, an infusion line of a replacement fluid, a dialysis line connected in inlet to the second chamber, and a fluid evacuation line; sensors for determining a first parameter relating to a patient's blood volume (BV %) a second parameter relating to an ultrafiltration flow rate (UFR) or to a patient's weight loss rate (WLR), a third parameter (Cd, Na) relating to a conductivity or concentration of a liquid crossing the dialysis line and/or the infusion line, and a fourth parameter relating to an infusion flow rate (QINF), and a control unit for performing a control procedure.

Abstract: A fitting (1) for a blood circulating circuit (4) of a dialysis machine has a first ans a second mouth (8, 9) for connecting the fitting (1) to a first ans a second portion (2, 3) of the blood circulating circuit (4) respectively; the fitting (1) defining a third portion (10) of the blood circulating circuit (4) by means of a tuby (6) by which to determine the absorption of electromagnetic waved by the blood, and by means of a chamber (7) having a wall (15) movable as a function of the pressure of the blood.

Abstract: A container of a dialysis machine has a determined shape and a known volume occupied in part by a volume of a mass of blood; a remaining part is occupied by a volume of a mass of gas. A disturbance is induced in a combined mass of the liquid and the gas in the container and an entity of the disturbance is measured. Measurements of pressure in the container before and after the disturbance are taken, the volume of gas is calculated using a function correlated to a gas law, and the volume and level of the liquid in the container are derived after the volume occupied by the gas is calculated.

Abstract: A container of a dialysis machine has a determined shape and a known volume occupied in part by a volume of a mass of blood; a remaining part is occupied by a volume of a mass of gas. A disturbance is induced in a combined mass of the liquid and the gas in the container and an entity of the disturbance is measured. Measurements of pressure in the container before and after the disturbance are taken, the volume of gas is calculated using a function correlated to a gas law, and the volume and level of the liquid in the container are derived after the volume occupied by the gas is calculated.

Abstract: A site for access to the inside of a channel, the site having a receptacle communicating with the inside of the channel in order to hold a plug made of an elastic material and intended to form a leak-tight barrier between the inside of the channel and the outside of the channel. The plug has a thickness on a longitudinal axis, an interior surface oriented towards the inside of the channel, and an outer surface facing away from the inner surface. Further, the plug has an upper part having an outer surface of the plug as its upper limit and having a cross section corresponding substantially to that of the receptacle so as to cooperate exactly with the receptacle. The plug also has a lower part having the inner surface of the plug as its lower limit and having a cross section increasing in two opposite directions perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plug.

Abstract: A method of setting up a dialysis treatment in a dialysis machine (1) provided with a device (6) for setting up the dialysis treatment, possessing a microprocessor (11), a data input (12, 13) and a screen (13), comprises the steps of: supplying a group of functions (U(t, P); C(t, P)) of a quantity (U; C) that is characteristic of the dialysis treatment as a function of time (t) and of a parameter (P) correlated with intermediate values (U1, C1) of each function (U(t; P); C(t; P)) of the group; selecting a subset of the group of functions (U(t, P); C(t; P)) imposing boundary conditions (U0, TWL, DT; C0, Cf, DT; C0, CS, DT) that are characteristic of a particular therapy; assigning values to the parameter (P) and displaying the curves corresponding to the functions (U(t, P); C(t, P)) of the subset and to the respective values assigned to parameter (P); and selecting one of the functions ((U(t, P); C(t, P)) of the subset on the basis of the images of the curves.

Abstract: A method of setting up a dialysis treatment in a dialysis machine may include the steps of determining conditions of a dialysis treatment adapted to a specific patient, determining a first function (U(t)) of a first quantity (U) characterizing the dialysis treatment as a function of time (t), and determining a second function (C(t)) of a second quantity (C) characterizing the dialysis treatment. The first function (U(t)) satisfying the conditions of the dialysis treatment and corresponding to a curve having a defined shape. The second function (C(t)) is correlated with the first function (U(t)) by constants (M, N) determined experimentally and the second function (U(t)) corresponding to a curve having a shape of the same kind as the shape as the first curve.

Abstract: A container of a dialysis machine has a determined shape and a known volume occupied in part by a volume of a mass of blood; a remaining part is occupied by a volume of a mass of gas. A disturbance is induced in a combined mass of the liquid and the gas in the container and an entity of the disturbance is measured. Measurements of pressure in the container before and after the disturbance are taken, the volume of gas is calculated using a function correlated to a gas law, and the volume and level of the liquid in the container are derived after the volume occupied by the gas is calculated.

Abstract: A dialysis machine may include a main control unit provided with a memory that stores the parameters of a dialysis treatment carried out on a patient and a plurality of slave control units interacting with the main control unit. The slave control unit may provide the control of the dialysis treatment carried out on the patient. A functionality checking unit may include a memory that stores dialysis treatment parameters and interacts with the main control unit to carry out checking of the functionality of the dialysis machine. At predetermined intervals of time, the functionality checking unit may send the dialysis treatment parameters stored in its memory to the main control unit, and the main control unit may compare the dialysis treatment parameters stored in its memory with those sent from the functionality checking unit, and generate an alarm signal if the dialysis treatment parameters do not coincide with each other.

Abstract: In the apparatus and method for monitoring a vascular access (6) of an extracorporeal circuit (5; 10) of a patient, a control and calculation unit (17) varies a flow rate of a blood pump (9) predisposed to cause blood to circulate in the extracorporeal circuit. The control and calculation unit receives the pressure values in the blood withdrawal line (5) and the blood return line (10) from two pressure sensors (8, 12); the pressure values are a series of different values of the blood flow rate. The control and calculation unit processes the data gathered by means of a mathematical model which describes the variation of pressure in the vascular access as a function of the flow rate, in order to determine the blood flow rate in the vascular access. The invention detects the presence and location of a stenosis at the vascular access of a patient subjected to a hemodialysis treatment.