Abstract: An apparatus for converting an input voltage into a related output current, is disclosed and generally comprises: a resistance means in series with the voltage input; first and second double output current mirrors, wherein each output of the first double output mirror is connected to a corresponding output of the second double output mirror, and the inputs of the double output current mirrors are connected; and an operational amplifier with the inverting input connected to ground, the noninverting input connected to the resistance means, and the op amp output connected to the inputs of the first and second double output mirrors, wherein first outputs of the first and second double output mirrors are connected to the noninverting input of the operational amplifier, and the second outputs of the first and second double output mirrors are connected to the output current.

Abstract: A continuous time domain parallel analog to digital converter is provided for accomplishing the general successive rectification algorithm I.sub.out =2.vertline.I.sub.in .vertline.-I.sub.ref. One stage of the continuous parallel converter comprises a complimentary transistor pair and three current mirrors. The transistor pair and a first current mirror and a second current mirror act as a rectifier. The complimentary transistor pair has I.sub.in connected to common sources, and common gates connected to ground. A first current mirror has its input connected to the drain of the n-type transistor of the complimentary pair and its output connected to the drain of the p-type transistor. The second current mirror acts as an amplifier by having its input transistors being half the width of the corresponding output transistors. The second mirror has its input connected to the output of the first current mirror, and its output going to I.sub.out. The third current mirror acts to subtract I.sub.