Abstract: Schiff bases having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 signifies CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5R.sup.2 signifies H, CH.sub.3R.sup.3 signifies H, C.sub.1-4 -alkylR.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6,R.sup.7 signify H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2,X signifies methylene, ethylidene, propylidene, ethylene, propylene, 2,3-butylidene,total number of carbon atoms of R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, .ltoreq.6 are novel odorants.

Abstract: Novel substituted heterocyclic formamidines are useful as ultraviolet light absorbers, the formamidines having the formula ##STR1## wherein: Ar represents a 2-thiazolyl, 2-pyridyl, 2-(4,6-dimethyl) pyrimidyl or a 4-(2-methyl)quinolyl group, and,R represents a phenyl group or an alkyl group of from one to eight carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel odorants of formula I wherein R is hydrogen or methyl. ##STR1## The invention also concerns fragrance compositions containing I. Formula I is intended to particularly embrace as the racemates, (.+-.)-3.alpha.-acetyl-3.beta.,4.beta.,5,5-tetramethyl-2,3,4,4a.beta.,5,6, 7,8-octahydronapthalene and (.+-.)-3.alpha.-acetyl-4.beta.,5,5,-trimethyl-2,3.beta.,4,4a.beta.,5,6,7,8 -octahydronapthalene.

Abstract: For admixing a gaseous substance, especially an odoriferous substance, into a gas stream. The gaseous substance is fed by means of a carrier gas (23) via a line (10) to a mixing chamber (1). The line contains at least one capillary (19), which is arranged in an advancing device (9) with two defined positions. In a first position the capillary extends through an opening (6), into the mixing chamber. In a second position the capillary opens outside of the mixing chamber in a suction removal space (25) surrounding the mixing chamber. Preferably the carrier gas is flowing continuously and suction removal means (26) are provided which remove the carrier gas together with the gaseous substance when the capillary opens in the suction removal space.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel process for the manufacture of 2-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene, 1, commonly known as .alpha.-ambrinol. ##STR1## The process comprises reducing either an 8-halo-2-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8-ociahydronaphihalene (11a), alone or in admixture with a 1-halo-2-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene (11b), or reducing the 1,2-epoxide which can be formed therefrom, namely, 1,2-epoxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphihalene (111). The halohydrins 11 are prepared from 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphihalene, IV.The compounds of formulas II and III are novel and form part of the present invention. The formula III epoxide possesses valuable odorant properties and its use as an odorant also forms part of the invention.

Abstract: Novel mixtures of bicyclic ethers of the formulas ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group of from one to four carbon atoms, said mixture having at least a 1.1:1 ratio of Ia to Ib, a process for their manufacture and their use as odoranis and novel intermediates for their preparation are described.

Abstract: The invention concerns the novel compound, 4-methyl-3-pentyl-2 (5H)-furanone, I, a process for the manufacture of I and fragrance and flavor compositions containing I.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the novel odorant 1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-indanone, I, a process for the manufacture of I, novel intermediates used in the process and fragrance compositions containing I. ##STR1## The process for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-indanone comprises hydroborating 1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethyl-4,7-dihydroindane and oxidizing the hydroboration product to 1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-indanone, or reductively alkylating, especially methylating, 5-nitro-1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethylindane and converting the resulting 5-dialkyl-amino-1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethylindane into 1,1,2,3,3,6-hexamethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-indanone by reduction of the benzene ring and hydrolysis of the resulting enamine.

Abstract: The invention concerns the novel compound 3,5,5,6,8,8,-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2-naphthalenone, a process for its manufacture, and fragrance and flavor compositions containing same.

Abstract: The ethyl esters of .beta.- and .gamma.-campholenic acids and of .gamma.-campholenic acid in admixture with .alpha.-campholenic acid and the ethyl esters of the corresponding dihydro derivatives have organoleptic properties which make them useful for preparing fragrances and flavors.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 3-hydroxy-2-alkyl-4-pyrones of formula I is provided. ##STR1## The process comprises cyclizing a compound of formula II, ##STR2## an acidic medium and hydrolyzing the ester formed thereby to produce compound I. R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl; R.sup.2 represents lower alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl; R.sup.3 represents --OH or --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 ; and, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be alike or different and represent lower alkyl. The pyrones of formula I wherein R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl are known flavorants and odorants.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein the dotted line signifies an optional bond, as racemates or individual enantiomers, odorant compositions containing the same, and a process for the manufacture of the compounds of formula I which comprises rearranging sclareolide, episclareolide or isosclareolide at an elevated temperature in acidic medium with dehydration and, if desired, reducing the carbon-carbon double bond present in the reaction product.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of coffee flavoring substances is described; this process comprises enzymatically proteolyzing soya meal, heating the proteolyzate and isolating the resulting water-soluble material from the reaction mixture. Furthermore, there are described: flavoring substance compositions which contain these novel coffee flavoring substances, foodstuffs and semi-luxury consumable which contain such coffee flavoring substances or flavoring substance compositions, and the use of the novel flavoring substance compositions or coffee flavoring substances for the flavoring of foodstuffs and semi-luxury consumables or as coffee substitutes.

Abstract: A valve device useful for obtaining a predetermined and immediate appreciable initial rate of flow of aerosol from an aerosol container and a subsequent predetermined and small continuous rate of flow. The valve device contains a standard valve, which is crimped on the aerosol container, and a unidirectional valve, located within the aerosol container and connected on one side to the standard valve, the connecting element providing a passage from the unidirectional valve to the standard valve, and on the other side to a conduit connected to a plunger tube for access to the contents of the container. Within the body of the standard valve is a movable closure element having a spring which holds the valve closed. The valve may be opened by depressing the spring with an actuator located outside the container. A closure member is provided for acting on the actuator. The closure element of the unidirectional valve is a movable diaphragm which is held closed by a second spring.

Abstract: A modified ruthenium catalyst can be used to selectively hydrogenate an olefinic double bond in the presence of another olefinic double bond in the same or in a different molecule. Modifiers are selected from compounds containing trivalent nitrogen, trivalent phosphorus and divalent sulfur.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of .alpha.- and .beta.-irone, namely the compounds of formula I, as well as novel intermediates in the process is provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel process for the manufacture of 2-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene, I, commonly known as .alpha.-ambrinol. ##STR1## The process comprises reducing either an 8-halo-2-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene (IIa), alone or in a mixture with a 1-halo-2-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene (IIb), or reduced the 1,2-epoxide which can be formed therefrom, namely, 1,2-epoxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octanhydronaphthalene (III). The halohydrins II are prepared from 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalene, IV.The compounds of formulas II and III are novel and form part of the present invention. The formula III epoxide possesses valuable odorant properties and its use as an odorant also forms part of the invention.

Abstract: Novel odorants, namely acetals and ketals of alkyl-substituted oxo-tetralins and oxo-indanes, are described.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 3-hydroxy-2-alkyl-4-pyrones of formula I is provided. ##STR1## The process comprises cyclizing a compound of formula II, ##STR2## in acidic medium and hydrolyzing the ester formed thereby to produce compound I. R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl; R.sup.2 represents lower alkanoyl or optionally substituted benzoyl; R.sup.3 represents --OH or --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 ; and, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be alike or different and represent lower alkyl. The pyrones of formula I wherein R.sup.1 represents methyl or ethyl are known flavorants and odorants.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of the four geometric isomers of 4-(2-butenyl)idene)-3,5,5-trimethy-2-cyclohexen-1-one is provided. The process comprises pyrolyzing a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents lower-alkyl-oxycarbonyl, aryl-oxycarbonyl, or, preferably, lower-alkanoyl, benzoyl or substituted benzoyl.