Abstract: A data transmitting apparatus in which in an antenna switching of the data transmitting apparatus, a sudden change of transmission path characteristics is prevented and a state where an automatic equalizing function on the reception side can follow can be held. The apparatus has a processing circuit for gradually switching antennas of the data transmitting apparatus with respect to the time and for continuously switching one antenna from the rated level to the 0 level and for continuously switching the other antenna from the 0 level to the rated level. The apparatus operates so as to always keep the optimum constellation state in which the automatic equalizing process follows.

Abstract: A traffic surveillance system for surveillance conditions of traffic at a traffic strategic point such as an intersection. The surveillance system has at least one traffic signal light having a housing which contains one set of traffic lights, installed at the traffic strategic point, a television camera adapted to image-pick up the traffic strategic point, and a television monitor for displaying a video signal from the camera. Lighting information of the traffic signal light and the video signal from the television camera are synthesized and displayed on the same screen of the television monitor.

Abstract: In an X-ray tomography apparatus and a method of taking tomograms inside an object through the use of the X-ray tomography apparatus, positioning of the object and operation for taking tomograms are carried out in accordance with the following procedures. An X-ray beam is irradiated to the object. An X-ray beam transmitting through the object is detected and a transmission image of the object is generated on the basis of the detected X-ray beam. While watching the transmission image of the object on a display, the object is moved by means of a moving mechanism coupled to a drive unit to change an X-ray irradiation area of the object and the object is stopped at a desired position. The moving mechanism is disconnected from the drive unit. The object irradiated with the X-ray beam is rotated by means of a rotating mechanism about a rotation axis inclined with respect to an irradiation axis of the X-ray beam.

Abstract: A moving object recognition method for recognizing a specified moving object in an input image signal in distinction from other objects, and a moving object tracking and monitoring apparatus using the method. One or more moving objects in the input image signal are sequentially detected by the subtraction method, the physical quantities of the detected moving objects are sequentially stored in a memory. Based on this physical quantities, one or more loci of the detected moving objects are determined. A group of physical quantities associated with each locus are stored in a memory as correlated information series of a moving object. Based on the information series thus stored, at least one of a plurality of classification methods is applied to each moving object for determining whether the moving object belongs to the specified moving object or other than the specified moving object. Thus, a detected moving object is recognized as to whether it is a specified moving object or not.

Abstract: A method and a device used in an optical microscope apparatus and for automatic focusing, and using an image contrast detection method which is not affected by noise. In order to remove a noise component, a contour component of an image picked up by the microscope is detected as a contour signal obtained by a difference between an original image and a delayed signal of the original image. A difference in level in maximum and minimum values of this contour signal is adopted as an image contrast signal. Such image contrast signals are produced at various microscope focusing direction positions. A position where a maximum image contrast signal is obtained is made to be an in-focus position.

Abstract: A system for processing a tracking picture of an intruding object includes a first TV camera for outputting a video signal used for detecting the intruding object, a second TV camera for outputting a video signal used for monitoring a magnified tracking picture of the intruding object, and a picture processing device for processing and operating on the video signal inputted from the first TV camera and outputting a rotation control signal and a zooming control signal. The system detects a difference between the video signal inputted from the first TV camera and a reference background video signal, and a change of a detecting state from the change of the numbers of objects detected in the continuous input video signal.

Abstract: A bi-directional digital transmission method, and system, for sending and receiving digital transmission signals having a frame configuration modulated by an orthogonal frequency division multiplex modulation scheme. A first sending unit in a first transmission station converts first continuous data to a up-direction intermittent transmission signal, and sends it from a first antenna via a first switchover unit. The up-direction intermittent transmission signal is received by a second antenna of a second transmission station, and supplied to a second receiving unit of the second transmission station via a second switchover unit of the second transmission station. The second receiving unit determines whether receiving operation of the up-direction intermittent transmission signal has been established, and if so, restores the original first continuous data.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus of an orthogonal frequency multiplex modulation system wherein data is transmitted using a plurality of carriers which are in a mutually orthogonal relationship with one another. The apparatus includes a transmitter which previously inserts a group of predetermined synchronization symbols into an OFDM modulated transmission signal every fixed period and a receiver which demodulates a received OFDM modulated transmission signal to a baseband OFDM signal. In the receiver, an absolute value of an A/D converted digital signal is taken and the signal is bandwidth-limited to a predetermined band width. Then, it is decided whether an amplitude of the signal is larger than or smaller than a predetermined value and a decision result thereof is produced. A null section in the synchronization symbol group is detected on the basis of the decision result and a start point of another synchronization symbol subsequent to the null section is further detected.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device which includes a piezoelectric substrate, and an interdigital transducer formed on a planar surface of the piezoelectric substrate, and having first and second bus bars, a first plurality of electrode fingers connected to the first bus bar, and a second plurality of electrode fingers connected to the second bus bar. The first and second plurality of electrode fingers of the interdigital transducer have an electrode cross region in which the first and second plurality of electrode fingers are arranged alternatively. Each boundary between the first and second bus bars and a grating region of the first and second plurality of electrode fingers is arranged such that the boundary is not substantially parallel, with a transmission direction of surface acoustic waves excited by the interdigital transducer.

Abstract: A bidirectional digital signal transmission system includes a transmission line, and video instruments respectively connected to both ends of the transmission line. In each of the video instruments, a digitized signal is multiplexed on a time division basis and compressed in a time base, thereby generating a transmission signal constituted by repetition of a signal period and a quiescent period. The transmission signal generated by one of the video instruments is transmitted during the quiescent period of the transmission signal generated by another one of the video instruments, thereby realizing bidirectional digital signal transmission. The system further includes a repeater circuit inserted in the transmission line at an intermediate location thereof to compensate for deterioration of the signal occurring during transmission over the transmission line. The repeater circuit includes a switch device for preventing a transmission signal feedback loop from being formed in the repeater circuit.

Abstract: An orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) modulator of such a system as to add guard intervals to a temporal waveform generated by modulating an input data train into a large number of (sub)carriers, conducting quadrature modulation, and outputting an OFDM signal.

Abstract: A computer-aided editing method of moving image information comprises designating an edition range of original moving image information, applying a special effect processing to the moving image within the designated edition range by an editing apparatus, registering the moving image information applied with the special effect processing as one cut to a memory device, and registering the moving image information outside the designated range as other cuts to the memory device. A computer-aided editing apparatus of moving image information comprises a memory device for storing original moving image, moving images after editing processing and an edition position-associated information, an input device, an editing device for applying a special effect processing to a designated range of the original moving image read out from the memory device in accordance with an image processing program, a control device and a display device.

Abstract: A digital transmission network comprises a plurality of transmission terminals and receiving terminals, which are all connected with each other by a transmission line of a metal cable or optical fiber cable in the form of loop. Signals are transmitted by timeshare multiplexing in one direction. An individual time slot which is defined for each transmission terminal by time sharing multiplexing is allocated to each of all transmitted signals. A timing device is inserted into the loop for retransmitting a signal so that the delay time is corrected to the delay time of one frame including the delay time caused by the transmission line, cable and the like so that the consecutive frames are continuous. The transmission line is in single or dual loop. In case of the single loop, the transmission terminal includes a bypass circuit for bypassing a signal input to the transmission line if necessary.

Abstract: A spread spectrum communication method includes the steps of measuring a parameter indicative of a C/N value of a received signal at one station during a communication between stations remote from each other in accordance with a spread spectrum communications scheme, and changing the data rate of a signal to be transmitted from another station when the C/N value changes by a predetermined value or more.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an unnecessary frequency component removal unit for removing unnecessary frequency components from a signal supplied from a detector, a unit for obtaining a measured value of delay spread of the signal supplied from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit, an adaptive equalizer for performing adaptive equalization on the signal supplied from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit, and a decoding unit for decoding an input signal, wherein the signal from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit is supplied to the decoding unit through the adaptive equalizer when the measured value of delay spread is larger than a predetermined value, whereas the signal from the unnecessary frequency component removal unit is supplied to the decoding unit without being passed through the adaptive equalizer when the measured value of delay spread is not larger than the predetermined value.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus using a digital modulation system wherein a transmitting side inserts a group of predetermined synchronization symbols into a transmission signal at predetermined intervals to be transmitted. A receiving side calculates an electric power value of a received transmission signal. When a no-signal period (null section) in the synchronization symbol group is to be detected and decided from a magnitude of the received signal electric power value, a threshold for reference of decision for detecting the null section is calculated on the basis of an average electric power value for a predetermined period in the received signal electric power value and the threshold calculated in accordance with the received signal level of the transmission signal is used to detect synchronization stably.

Abstract: A speech band signal is obtained by receiving a wireless frequency signal, a reception field intensity of the wireless frequency is detected on the basis of the resulting speech band signal, the frequency characteristics of the speech band signal so received are changed in accordance with the detection value of the detected reception field intensity, and a speech band signal having the frequency characteristics so changed is outputted.

Abstract: A camera head unit generates a digital video signal, a transmission unit transmits the digital video signal from the camera head unit, and a camera control unit processes the digital video signal transmitted from the camera head unit through the transmission unit. The camera head unit includes a replacing unit for replacing the least significant bit data of the digital video signal to be transmitted from the camera head unit to the camera control unit with another signal data to thereby produce a replacement video signal which is transmitted to the transmission unit. The camera control unit includes an extraction unit for extracting the least significant bit data from the replacement video signal transmitted from the camera head unit through the transmission unit to thereby produce the above-mentioned another signal data.

Abstract: A fractional-N system frequency synthesizer and a field pickup unit which uses the synthesizer and adapts to a plurality of different channel frequencies in a microwave band. The synthesizer is made up of a fractional control unit which in turn is made up of a modulo-m counter which counts signals of a predetermined frequency fed from a reference oscillator, a channel setting unit for setting a required channel frequency in a predetermined frequency band and for outputting data on the set channel frequency, a memory which stores information on a dividing ratio at an address determined by the count of signals counted by the modulo-m counter and the data on the set channel frequency outputted by the channel setting unit, wherein switching pulses each for selecting a dividing ratio in a dual modulus prescaler are dispersively arranged at equal intervals in the counting period of the modulo-m counter. The field pickup unit is made up of a transmitter and a receiver.

Abstract: There is provided an editing method and an editing system for conducting editing processing on a video information material containing sound information and moving picture information with the aid of a computer. Information of the video information material is stored in a storage device. The video information is read out from the storage device. The read out video information is displayed on the screen of a display device. An editing position of the video information is displayed on the video information of the screen according to a command from a user. Upon a command from the user, the editing position is altered. Editing processing specified by the user is conducted on video information located in the displayed editing position. And edited video information is displayed on the screen.