Abstract: Systems and methods for non-invasive blood pressure measurement are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system comprises a wearable member configured to generate first and second signals, and a blood pressure calculation system. The blood pressure calculation system a pre-processing module configured to filter noise from the signals, and a wave selection module configured to identify subsets of waves of the signals, a feature extraction module configured to generate sets of feature vectors form the subsets of waves, and a blood pressure processing module configured to calculate an arterial blood pressure value based on the sets of feature vectors and an empirical blood pressure calculation model, the empirical blood pressure calculation model configured to receive the sets of feature vectors as input values. The blood pressure calculation system further includes a communication module configured to provide a message including or being based on the arterial blood pressure value.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting atrial fibrillations from a photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal. A method includes continuously generating a PPG signal measurement from a sensor of a PPG unit; generating a plurality of time frame samples based on the PPG signal measurement; generating, for each time frame sample, a plurality of heart rate (RR) intervals; determining an RR interval distribution for each time frame sample based on the plurality of RR intervals; and detecting at least one atrial fibrillation event based on the RR interval distribution for each time frame sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods for securely transferring medical data for an off-site administered test. A method includes receiving, at a first device, a key associated with a second device from a third device, wherein the second device is a medical device having a unique identifier, wherein the second device includes at least one sensor configured to capture medical data; receiving, at the first device, a request to store the medical data captured by the at least one sensor from the second device; configuring the second device to store the medical data in at least one designated storage location, wherein each designated storage location is accessible to the second device and to the third device; and sending the designated storage location and the unique identifier to the third device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining if a wearable photoplethysmography device is correctly positioned in operating to medical signs of a user by using a classifier to determine if a signal is valid or invalid. In some embodiments, in using the classifier to determine in a signal is valid or invalid, a lean method of linear computational complexity and minimal memory complexity is provided for determining at the wearable photoplethysmography device if it is correctly positioned. In some embodiments, in using the classifier minimal computational complexity is used in determining at the wearable photoplethysmography device if it is correctly positioned.

Abstract: A system and method for performing a remote sleep apnea test is provided. The method includes: determining, based on sensor measurements generated during a sleep apnea test, an end of the sleep apnea test, wherein the sensor measurements are generated by at least one sensor; rendering at least one post-test question via a user interface within a threshold period of time since the end of the sleep apnea test is determined; and capturing at least one input provided by the patient in response to the rendered at least one post-test question.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining if a wearable photoplethysmography device is correctly positioned in operating to medical signs of a user by using a classifier to determine if a signal is valid or invalid. In some embodiments, in using the classifier to determine in a signal is valid or invalid, a lean method of linear computational complexity and minimal memory complexity is provided for determining at the wearable photoplethysmography device if it is correctly positioned. In some embodiments, in using the classifier minimal computational complexity is used in determining at the wearable photoplethysmography device if it is correctly positioned.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring arterial pulse waves includes at least one separator ring receivable on at least one digit of a limb effective to tether a feed tube supplying a measuring device to a digit. Each separator ring is of a compliant material, of a non-interrupted tubular configuration, designed to avoid interference of blood supply to or from the digit to which it is applied, and of sufficient resilience and thickness to enable it to distance each adjacent digit from a digit mounted tubular socket probe so as to prevent contact between the tubular socket probe and adjacent digits, without interference to blood circulation, irrespective of the thickness of the digit on which the separator ring is received.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and distinguishing epochs of deep-sleep from epochs of light-sleep of a subject by sensing by a peripheral pulse signal related to the systemic circulation of the subject, preferably a peripheral arterial tone (PAT) sensor for sensing pulsatile arterial volume changes in a digit (e.g., a finger) of the subject reflecting sympathetic tone variations; analyzing the sensed pulse signals for determining therefrom a number of features, particularly seven specific variables in each of two time periods; and utilizing the results of the analysis for determining whether the epoch detected is a light-sleep epoch or a deep-sleep epoch.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for examining a subject for a particular physiological condition according to a technique which utilizes sounds generated by the subject and sensed at a predefined distance from the site of sound generation of the subject, by locating a first sound sensor, e.g., a sound level meter which measures the sound levels in decibels, on a particular region of the subject's body to produce an output corresponding to the sound level sensed thereby; modifying the output of the first sound level meter by a pre-calculated Transfer Function equating its output to that of a second sound level meter located at a predefined distance from the site of sound generation of the subject's body; and utilizing the modified output of the first sound level meter in determining the existence of the particular physiological condition.

Abstract: Non-invasively measuring a physiological parameter by applying to a subject's body part a venous occlusion plethysmographic device including a first section having a first fluid chamber and at least a second region having a second fluid chamber to engage a first region of the body part and a second region of the body part, proximal of the first region; pressurizing the first chamber to a pressure sufficient to compensate for hydrostatic pressure added to the inherent venous pressure at the maximal vertical lowering level of the body part relative to the subject's heart level; intermittently raising and lowering the pressure in the second fluid chamber to a pressure above or equal to the pressure in the first chamber, but below the arterial blood pressure; measuring changes in volume of the first region of the body part; and utilizing the measured volume changes to provide a measure of the physiological parameter.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring arterial pulse waves includes at least one separator ring receivable on at least one digit of a limb effective to tether a feed tube supplying a measuring device to a digit. Each separator ring is of a compliant material, of a non-interrupted tubular configuration, designed to avoid interference of blood supply to or from the digit to which it is applied, and of sufficient resilience and thickness to enable it to distance each adjacent digit from a digit mounted tubular socket probe so as to prevent contact between the tubular socket probe and adjacent digits, without interference to blood circulation, irrespective of the thickness of the digit on which the separator ring is received.

Abstract: A tamper-proof identification device is characterized in that it includes a non-stretchable band and an electrically-conductive loop having a first gap bridged by an electronic identification chip and a second gap defined by a pair of electrical terminals for connection to a data processor, such that the identification device protects against removal by stretching as well as by severing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and distinguishing epochs of deep-sleep from epochs of light-sleep of a subject by sensing by a peripheral pulse signal related to the systemic circulation of the subject, preferably a peripheral arterial tone (PAT) sensor for sensing pulsatile arterial volume changes in a digit (e.g., a finger) of the subject reflecting sympathetic tone variations; analyzing the sensed pulse signals for determining therefrom a number of features, particularly seven specific variables in each of two time periods; and utilizing the results of the analysis for determining whether the epoch detected is a light-sleep epoch or a deep-sleep epoch.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for examining a subject for a particular physiological condition according to a technique which utilizes sounds generated by the subject and sensed at a predefined distance from the site of sound generation of the subject, by locating a first sound sensor, e.g., a sound level meter which measures the sound levels in decibels, on a particular region of the subject's body to produce an output corresponding to the sound level sensed thereby; modifying the output of the first sound level meter by a pre-calculated Transfer Function equating its output to that of a second sound level meter located at a predefined distance from the site of sound generation of the subject's body; and utilizing the modified output of the first sound level meter in determining the existence of the particular physiological condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the diagnostic performance of a probe system (30) for detecting a medical condition in a patient by sensing volume changes in a monitored body part due to pulsatile arterial blood flow in the body part, characterized in calibrating the probe system (30) for the respective measurement site according to a predetermined characteristic of the monitored body part of the patient and quantifying the arterial pulsatile volume thereat. Such calibration is described with respect to probes including: (1) a pressure sensor (63), which senses pressure changes in a compressible fluid system to which the patient's body part (e.g.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for monitoring the sleep state condition of an individual by using an external probe applied to a peripheral body location, such as the individual's finger or toe, for detecting changes in the peripheral vascular bed volume of the individual. A predetermined pressure field is applied to the distal end of the peripheral body location, including its distal-most extremity, to prevent the occurrence of venous pooling within and distal to the peripheral body location. The probe produces an output corresponding to changes in the peripheral arterial bed volume at the peripheral body location, which output provides an indication of the sleep state condition of the individual. Such information is useful in diagnosing and/or in treating, a number of sleep disorders as well as other conditions, such as impotence, diabetes, and various disorders in children.

Abstract: A probe for application to a selected area of a subject's skin covering a body part, which selected area serves as a measurement site for measuring changes in the pulsatile arterial blood volume thereat, includes: a base for application to the selected area of the subject's skin at the measurement site; a pressure applicator for applying a static pressure to the subject's skin at the measurement site; and a sensor for sensing changes in the pulsatile arterial blood volume at the measurement site. The pressure applicator is designed to apply to the measurement site a static pressure of a magnitude to partially unload the wall tension of, but not to occlude, the arteries. The pressure applicator is configured to substantially prevent venous distention and blood pooling at the measurement site by permitting free venous drainage through tissues surrounding the measurement site.

Abstract: A non-invasive probe for application to a body part, such as a finger, toe or limb, for the detection of a medical condition of the subject includes a housing defining a compartment closed at one end and open at the opposite end for receiving the distal end of the subject's body part including its terminal-most extremity, a sensor for sensing a predetermined condition of the body part after being received within the compartment, and a removable liner lining the inner surface of the housing, to facilitate the insertion of the body part into the compartment. The described probe is one which senses changes in the peripheral arterial tone as manifested by changes in the pulsatile arterial blood volume and/or changes in the oxygen saturation level in a terminal extremity of a body part, and includes a number of other features particularly useful in such probes.

Abstract: Non-invasively measuring a physiological parameter by applying to a subject's body part a venous occlusion plethysmographic device including a first section having a first fluid chamber and at least a second region having a second fluid chamber to engage a first region of the body part and a second region of the body part, proximal of the first region; pressurizing the first chamber to a pressure sufficient to compensate for hydrostatic pressure added to the inherent venous pressure at the maximal vertical lowering level of the body part relative to the subject's heart level; intermittently raising and lowering the pressure in the second fluid chamber to a pressure above or equal to the pressure in the first chamber, but below the arterial blood pressure; measuring changes in volume of the first region of the body part; and utilizing the measured volume changes to provide a measure of the physiological parameter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the diagnostic performance of a probe system (30) for detecting a medical condition in a patient by sensing volume changes in a monitored body part due to pulsatile arterial blood flow in the body part, characterized in calibrating the probe system (30) for the respective measurement site according to a predetermined characteristic of the monitored body part of the patient and quantifying the arterial pulsatile volume thereat. Such calibration is described with respect to probes including: (1) a pressure sensor (63), which senses pressure changes in a compressible fluid system to which the patient's body part (e.g.