Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for loading, in stepwise fashion, hollow cylinders on a recumbent positioned mandrel, for retaining the cylinders on the mandrel during transfer for vertical positioning, and for releasing the cylinders on a seat without disturbing the linear alignment of or dropping the cylinders.

Abstract: Nozzle apparatus and method for controlling molten metal flow in a bottom pour casting system whereby a fluid passage is defined wherein the flow is controlled to minimize splashing of the molten metal in the molds and the flow distribution is better equalized among a plurality of molds which are being simultaneously charged.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for suppressing formation of pollutants in a blast furnace casting system by occluding oxidizing gases, including ambient air, from the molten iron and slag discharged from the furnace.

Abstract: An ingot mold buggy for carrying steel ingots and molds which buggy is of improved construction to resist damage due to excessive impact loading such as that which might be encountered by dropping a mold and a contained ingot on the buggy.

Abstract: High strength, cold finished steel bars strengthened through the addition of from 0.05% to 0.15% vanadium and 0.001% to 0.025% nitrogen are produced by a series of steps involving hot rolling, cold drawing, and heat-treatment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for dispensing a fluidized stream of particulate material, particularly a blended mixture of particulate materials which are useful in the desulfurization of molten ferrous metals. Control of the flow rates of the particulate materials are individually and independently controlled and without reliance upon varying the top pressures within the dispenser vessels containing the separate particulate materials.

Abstract: A process for desulfurizing a bath of molten iron contained in a vessel comprising the steps of injecting particulate lime and a carbon-containing particulate with a non-oxidizing carrier gas beneath the surface of the bath to remove sulfur from the iron, while controlling the rate of injection of the carbon-containing particles to prevent substantial ejection of the bath from the vessel. The preferred carbon-containing materials are graphite and a compound containing at least carbon and hydrogen in proportions ranging from CH.sub.>0 to CH.sub.2. The preferred carrier gas is a hydrocarbon gas.

Abstract: A process or method used to produce a free-machining, high sulfur steel alloy is accomplished by continuously casting the molten metal rather than ingot casting and processing in a blooming mill. The process begins with a molten alloy having a high sulfur content (0.40-0.65%). The molten metal is poured from the ladle into the tundish of the continuous casting machine. From there, the molten metal is fed into an oscillating mold having the desired cross section. As the molten metal passes through the mold it is cooled to form a solidified metal body. Finally, the metal body is withdrawn and cut into the desired lengths. Additional measures may be incorporated into the process to improve the machinability and surface characteristics. They include feeding aluminum wire into the mold, protecting the casting stream from the atmosphere, and using a slide gate ladle pouring system.

Abstract: A vented coke oven door includes a door frame having a vertical face surface carrying a plug assembly having a central vertical internal opening to conduct coke oven gas generated at the bottom of a coal charge in a coke oven chamber. The plug assembly includes a plurality of U-shaped refractory plug segments arranged in an end-to-end aligned relation with leg sections of each U-shaped segment extending horizontally into an abutting relation with the face surface of the door frame. Each leg section carries either an embedded hooked end or a T-shaped head of a threaded fastener which is supported by the door frame so that the leg sections are unrestrained against movement toward and away from each other in response to a thermal gradient across the wall thickness of the refractory plug segment.

Abstract: A jumper pipe forms a passageway between the free spaces above coal charges in adjacent coking chambers for the natural flow of relatively cooler coke oven gas from the free space above the coal charge in the most recently charged one of the coking chambers into the free space above the coal charge in the other of the coking chambers to reduce the relatively higher temperature therein. An inert atmosphere is maintained along at least part of the passageway to prevent the flow of coke oven gas essentially during decarburization and the pushing of coke from either of the two adjacent coking chambers. Valve members at opposite end portions of the jumper pipe are moved to at least partially-closed positions to facilitate the maintenance of an inert atmosphere therein. A supply or steam or gaseous nitrogen is used to maintain the inert atmosphere in the jumper pipe. The inert gas prevents the entrance of coke oven gas into a coking chamber while undergoing decarburization.

Abstract: A warp-resistant doorjamb is mounted next to the refractory at the outer end of a coke oven chamber. The doorjamb includes a rectangularly-shaped frame with end segments joining together two side segments each having a length substantially corresponding to the height of the coke oven chamber. Both side segments have an outwardly-extending rigid beam section with openings to releasably engage with hanger bars on a coke oven door. A plurality of web sections extends at spaced-apart intervals from each rigid beam section to define window openings between the web sections to minimize the conductive transfer of heat to the rigid beam section and dissipate heat to the atmosphere. A base plate section extends along the end and side segments and forms a face surface for mounting next to the refractory of a coke oven chamber. The base plate section is divided by transverse slots into individual base segments each joined with at least one of the web sections for the support thereby.

Abstract: An iron base alloy having excellent machinability characterized in having a high sulfur content in the form of small, uniformly distributed particles of manganese sulfide in its microstructure. The alloy, produced by strand-casting techniques to form billets which are subsequently hot-worked into bars or other shapes, consists essentially of up to about 0.50 % carbon, 1.15 to 1.35 % manganese, at least 0.40 % sulfur, about 0.15 to 0.30 % silicon and the remainder substantially all iron with incidental impurities.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring the surface temperature of an item in a furnace utilizing radiation detection from the item and from a cooled reference plate. The radiation signals derived from the hot item and the cooled reference plate, both of which are positioned in the furnace, are subtracted to provide an output signal which is representative of the item's surface temperature. The reflectance of the hot item and the cooled reference plate are selected to be approximately equal. The reference plate is maintained at a temperature at which it will emit insignificant radiation. When the reflected radiation from the hot item and the cooled reference plate are equal, the difference in radiation received by radiation detection pyrometers will be the radiation emitted by the hot product. The pyrometer outputs, which are subtracted, will accurately represent the hot steel temperature even for changing furnace conditions.

Abstract: A remotely adjustable back pressure relieving hydraulic regulator system particularly suitable for use on the work roll bending and balancing systems of a rolling mill. A normally open air operated valve and a normally closed air operated valve are modified and interconnected to provide the disclosed remotely adjustable pressure regulator. The normally closed valve is connected to a pressurized hydraulic supply. The normally closed regulating valve opens in response to a control air pressure signal applied thereto and is modified to close when the hydraulic pressure at its outlet port exceeds a desired or selected pressure. The pressure at the outlet of the pressure regulating valve required to move it to the closed position depends on the pressure of the applied air control signal. Thus, as the pressure of the air control varies, the hydraulic pressure required to close the valve also varies.

Abstract: Zinc coated steel strip is produced by passing a strip through a molten zinc bath containing from 0.15% to 0.18% aluminum, controlling zinc coating weights to produce a relatively light coating of 0.20 oz./sq.ft. maximum on one side and a relatively heavy coating of 0.20 oz./sq.ft. minimum in the other side, and then uniformly heating both sides for a time and temperature sufficient to completely form an iron-zinc alloy on the light coated side and yet retain the essentially unalloyed zinc coating on the heavy coated side.

Abstract: A high-strength, cold rolled steel sheet product characterized by a rimmed surface and an aluminum killed, columbium-containing core is produced by hot rolling at a finishing temperature above its Ar.sub.3 temperature and coiling at a temperature between 1000.degree. F. and 1200.degree. F., cold rolling between 50% and 90% reduction, batch annealing to recrystallize the coil, and temper rolling between 0.75% and 2.0% temper elongation. The product is non-aging, has a 50,000 p.s.i. minimum yield strength in the temper rolled condition, good formability, and a surface quality equivalent to that of Drawing Quality Rimmed Steel.

Abstract: A coke oven door lining assembly involving a vented, metallic door lining having barrier and support means serves to lower coke oven gas pressure at the door sealing edges and thereby reduce emissions. The lining may be open or closed along its length. Other advantages of the assembly involve reduced maintenance, simplicity of manufacture, and minimization of the occurrence of dense, hard to remove carbonaceous deposits on the lining.

Abstract: One or more pulsating streams of liquid material may be transformed into streams of essentially constant velocity with use of a counterweighted tundish that tilts in response to variations in liquid input. The dispensing system is particularly suited for use as a feeding source of liquid metal for continuous strip casting processes due to its ability to provide a constant low velocity teeming stream.

Abstract: The temperature of a substrate to be vacuum vapor coated is measured immediately before its is passed over a source of coating metal vapor and immediately after the vapor has condensed on it. Costing conditions are controlled to maintain the difference between those temperatures at a value which is related to the thickness of the condensed coating by a heat balance equation.

Abstract: A steel product having a combination of high strength and formability (as measured by percent tensile uniform elongation) is produced by austenitizing a steel consisting essentially of from 0.04 to 0.17% carbon, 0.8 to 2.0% manganese, up to 1.0% silicon, up to 0.12% vanadium, up to 0.1% columbium, up to an effective amount of titanium to form titanium carbonitrides, 0.001 to 0.025% nitrogen, balance essentially iron and then cooling at a rate of no more than about 70.degree. F/sec. to about 850.degree. F and at a rate of more than about 10.degree. F/sec. to transform the freshly formed austenite to a microstructure of from 10 to 35% by volume of martensite and/or lower bainite (MLB), balance essentially proeutectoid ferrite. Slower cooling rates may be employed to obtain the desired microstructure if a restricted chemical composition is used. The heat-treated steel product is characterized by an ultimate tensile strength of 80,000 p.s.i. minimum and a uniform elongation of 16% minimum.