Abstract: A vehicle key capable of generating electrical energy by itself through energy harvesting, and a method of manufacturing the vehicle key are provided. The vehicle key includes a power generator including an energy generation module configured to generate electrical energy using energy harvesting and an electric condenser configured to store the generated electrical energy; an inputter configured to receive a user input; a communicator configured to communicate with the vehicle; and a controller configured to control the communicator to transmit a control signal corresponding to the received user input to the vehicle. At least one of the inputter, the communicator, and the controller may be configured to receive power from the power generator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a diamond substrate, and more particularly, to a method of growing diamond after forming a structure of an air gap having a crystal correlation with a lower substrate by heat treatment of a photoresist pattern and an air gap forming film material on a substrate such as sapphire (Al2O3). Through such a method, a process is simplified and the cost is lowered when large-area/large-diameter single crystal diamond is heterogeneously grown, stress due to differences in a lattice constant and a coefficient of thermal expansion between the heterogeneous substrate and diamond is relieved, and an occurrence of defects or cracks is reduced even when a temperature drops, such that a high-quality single crystal diamond substrate may be manufactured and the diamond substrate may be easily self-separated from the heterogeneous substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a light emitting diode. The light emitting diode includes a substrate, a first semiconductor layer on the substrate, an active layer on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer on the active layer, and a conductor passing through the second semiconductor layer and the active layer to contact the first semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A cell printing apparatus of the present disclosure comprises a nozzle configured to discharge a heat-sensitive cell printing composition; and a heating unit for transferring heat to the upper side of the heat-sensitive cell printing composition which is discharged from the nozzle to be laminated. A predetermined space is formed between the heating unit and the nozzle so that the heating unit does not contact with the nozzle.

Abstract: A cell printing apparatus according to the present disclosure comprises: a nozzle through which a liquid cell substance is discharged; a container in which the liquid cell substance discharged through the nozzle is laminated into a three-dimensional structure; and a supply unit for supplying the liquid heated to a predetermined temperature to the container.

Abstract: The mixing device of cell printing composition according to the present disclosure comprises a first syringe comprising a first container for containing first liquid, a first moving element discharging the first liquid contained in the first container; a second syringe comprising a second container for containing second liquid, a second moving element discharging the second liquid contained in the second container; a mixing container which comprises a rotating mixing unit and receives the discharged first liquid and the discharged second liquids; a power transmission unit for driving the first moving element, the second moving element and the mixing unit; a first threaded guide where the first moving element is movably connected; a second threaded guide where the second moving element is movably connected; and a rod for rotating the mixing unit.

Abstract: Provided is a light emitting diode. The light emitting diode includes a substrate, a first semiconductor layer on the substrate, an active layer on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer on the active layer, and a conductor passing through the second semiconductor layer and the active layer to contact the first semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication method and an apparatus using the same, for changing a communication method with a surrounding vehicle in consideration of an event type, may include: when an event occurs, determining whether the event is an important event, when the event is the important event, broadcasting data of the event, when the event is not the important event, determining a transmission method depending a communication situation with a surrounding vehicle, and multicasting or broadcasting the data of the event depending on the determined transmission method.

Abstract: A software defined network (SDN)-based network management apparatus includes: an SDN controller including a first management unit to store a plurality of heterogeneous protocol information items, and an SDN switch controlled by the SDN controller and including a second management unit to store at least one heterogeneous protocol information item acquired from the SDN controller and a gateway to communicate with a vehicle network. In particular, upon receiving a packet corresponding to a new protocol that has not been used for access, from an external source, the SDN switch sends a request to the SDN controller for analysis of the received packet, and the SDN controller forwards protocol information corresponding to the received packet among the plurality of heterogeneous information items stored in the first management unit, to the SDN switch.

Abstract: A vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication method and an apparatus using the same, for changing a communication method with a surrounding vehicle in consideration of an event type, may include: when an event occurs, determining whether the event is an important event, when the event is the important event, broadcasting data of the event, when the event is not the important event, determining a transmission method depending a communication situation with a surrounding vehicle, and multicasting or broadcasting the data of the event depending on the determined transmission method.

Abstract: Provided are a system and method for estimating the center of gravity of a walking rehabilitation robot, the system being provided with: a sensor module for estimating the point of the center of gravity, and provided with: a sensor unit mounted on a footplate to sense the pressure when a person walks; output means for outputting a voltage value corresponding to preset conditions according to a pressure signal sensed by the sensor module; and estimating means for calculating an angle value corresponding to the voltage value outputted by the output means, and estimating the center of gravity, wherein a body center can be estimated by obtaining an accurate detection using a small-sized system that has a relatively low-cost sensor module installed therein.

Abstract: A software defined network (SDN)-based network management apparatus includes: an SDN controller including a first management unit to store a plurality of heterogeneous protocol information items, and an SDN switch controlled by the SDN controller and including a second management unit to store at least one heterogeneous protocol information item acquired from the SDN controller and a gateway to communicate with a vehicle network. In particular, upon receiving a packet corresponding to a new protocol that has not been used for access, from an external source, the SDN switch sends a request to the SDN controller for analysis of the received packet, and the SDN controller forwards protocol information corresponding to the received packet among the plurality of heterogeneous information items stored in the first management unit, to the SDN switch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and a method for controlling a joint angle of a knee-joint type walking training robot which estimates a walking stage of a person receiving rehabilitation for walking and actively responds to the walking stage on the basis thereof. The present invention can easily control the joint angle of the knee-joint type walking training robot by providing a configuration comprising: a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure on the sole of a walker's foot by using a pressure sensor; and a joint angle estimating device for estimating the joint angle of a knee-joint by extracting movement time of the walk and the length of the part of the sole contacting the ground on the basis of the sole's pressure measured by the pressure measuring device.

Abstract: A vertical type light emitting diode includes a nitride semiconductor having a p-n conjunction structure with a transparent material layer formed on a p type clad layer, the transparent material layer having a refractive index different from that of the p type clad layer and having a pattern structure of mesh, punched plate, or one-dimensional grid form, etc. A reflective metal electrode layer is formed on the transparent material layer as a p-electrode. A stereoscopic pattern is formed in the transparent material layer and the p-electrode deposited, and thereby forming the pattern in the p-electrode. Depositing the p-electrode on only 10 to 70% of the upper portion of the p type clad layer in an ultraviolet ray light emitting diode such that an area where the p type clad layer is exposed is wide increases the transmittance of ultraviolet rays through an area where the p-electrode is not deposited.

Abstract: A vertical type light emitting diode includes a nitride semiconductor having a p-n conjunction structure with a transparent material layer formed on a p type clad layer, the transparent material layer having a refractive index different from that of the p type clad layer and having a pattern structure of mesh, punched plate, or one-dimensional grid form, etc. A reflective metal electrode layer is formed on the transparent material layer as a p-electrode. A stereoscopic pattern is formed in the transparent material layer and the p-electrode deposited, and thereby forming the pattern in the p-electrode. Depositing the p-electrode on only 10 to 70% of the upper portion of the p type clad layer in an ultraviolet ray light emitting diode such that an area where the p type clad layer is exposed is wide increases the transmittance of ultraviolet rays through an area where the p-electrode is not deposited.

Abstract: Provided are a high-quality non-polar/semi-polar semiconductor device having reduced defect density of a nitride semiconductor layer and improved internal quantum efficiency and light extraction efficiency, and a manufacturing method thereof. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is to form a template layer and a semiconductor device structure on a sapphire, SiC or Si substrate having a crystal plane for a growth of a non-polar or semi-polar nitride semiconductor layer. The manufacturing method includes: forming a nitride semiconductor layer on the substrate; performing a porous surface modification such that the nitride semiconductor layer has pores; forming the template layer by re-growing a nitride semiconductor layer on the surface-modified nitride semiconductor layer; and forming the semiconductor device structure on the template layer.

Abstract: Provided are a high-quality non-polar/semi-polar semiconductor device with reduced defect density and improved internal quantum efficiency and light extraction efficiency, and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, in which a template layer and a semiconductor device structure are formed on a sapphire substrate having a crystal plane for growing a non-polar or semi-polar nitride semiconductor layer. The sapphire substrate is etched to form uneven patterns, and the template layer including a nitride semiconductor layer and a GaN layer is formed on the sapphire substrate in which the uneven patterns are formed.

Abstract: A method for measuring critical current density of superconductor wires according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes: (a) applying an external magnetic field to the superconductor wires, (b) measuring a magnetization loss of the superconductor wires according to the application of the external magnetic field, (c) normalizing the measured magnetization loss, and then calculating a fully-penetration magnetic field of the superconductor wires according to the normalized magnetization loss, (d) calculating a critical current density of the superconductor wires according to the calculated fully-penetration magnetic field. Therefore, the critical current density of parallel superconductor wires such as stacked superconductor wires may be measured without applying current to the superconductor wires directly.

Abstract: Disclosed are a fast handover system and a method thereof. The fast handover method can include: allowing a mobile node (MN) to transmit a handover information message to a previous mobile access gateway (PMAG); allowing the PMAG to transmit a fast proxy binding update (FPBU) message to a local mobility anchor (LMA) on the basis of the handover information message received from the MN; allowing the LMA to transmit a handover initiation (HI) message including MN-ID and proxy-care-of address (CoA) of the PMAG to a new MAG (NMAG); transmitting a position update message to the NMAG if the MN is attached to a target BS that is connected to the NMAG; and allowing the NMAG to deliver a buffered packet to the MN.

Abstract: An interface device for an emulator is disclosed. The interface device includes a connection unit, a transmission unit, and an interface unit. The connection unit receives data, to be used to emulate a logic, from a host computer, and transmits result data, output from the logic, to the host computer. The transmission unit receives the data from the connection unit and stores (writes) the data in the first area of a register array. If the result data is stored in the second area of the register array, the transmission unit reads the result data and transmits the result data to the connection unit. The interface unit includes at least one register array, outputs a clock, set using the data stored in the first area, to the logic, and stores the result data, output from the logic, in the second area.