Abstract: A shell-and-tube heat exchanger-type reactor including one or more catalytic tubes, each including a first-step reaction zone and a second-step reaction zone, wherein at least one of the first-step reaction zone and the second-step reaction zone is divided into two or more shell spaces by a partition; each of the divided shell spaces is independently heat-controlled; and a heat transfer medium having a temperature from the lowest active temperature of a catalyst layer in a reaction tube corresponding to the first shell space of the first-step reaction zone or the first shell space of the second-step reaction zone to the lowest active temperature of the catalyst layer plus 20° C.; and the first shell space of the first-step reaction zone or the first shell space of the second-step reaction zone is controlled so as to provide a reactant conversion contribution per length of 1.2˜2.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compensator comprising a positive and a negative birefringent retardation film, its use in displays and optical elements, and to displays comprising such a compensator.

Abstract: An achromatic quarter wave film (AQWF) comprising at least one quarter wave film (QWF) and at least one half wave film (HWF), each of said QWF and HWF comprising polymerized or vitrified anisotropic material, to methods and materials for the preparation of the AQWF, its use in optical devices like compensators and liquid crystal displays, and to a liquid crystal display comprising such an AQWF.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallocene compound having a functional group that facilitates the preparation of the supported metallocene catalyst for olefin polymerization and the olefin polymerization process using the same. The metallocene compounds in this invention are strongly supported on the inorganic support due to the strong chemical bond of the ligand of the metallocene compound with the silica surface, which leads to minimize leaching of the catalyst during the activation process. Therefore, the supported catalyst of this invention allows the olefin polymerization process to proceed without any fouling in the reactor with a slurry or a gas phase process, and the morphology and bulk density of the polymer produced are much better defined than those produced by conventional methods.

Abstract: A television screen is provided with one or more substrates made of a thin film. A number of materials may be used for the film substrate. Further, structures are formed on one or more resin bearing surfaces of the film substrates using a number of techniques, including using patterned rollers to press against the resin bearing film surfaces. The resin can be liquid resin that is cured to set the patterned structures. The thin film results in stronger yet lightweight televisions screens that are safe and easy to handle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoplastic transparent resin composition and a method for manufacturing the same. The resin composition includes 3-15 parts by weight of small aperture polybutadiene rubber latex; 5-25 parts by weight of large aperture polybutadiene rubber latex; 40-70 parts by weight of a methacrylic acid alkylester compound or an acrylic acid alkylester compound; 15-30 parts by weight of an aromatic vinyl compound; and 1-20 parts by weight of a vinylcyan compound. The method includes the steps of a) producing a small aperture polybutadiene rubber latex having an average particle diameter of 600-1500 A, a gel content of 70-95%, and a swelling index of 12-30 by reacting butadiene at 55-70° C. using a polymerization initiator, b) producing a large aperture polybutadiene rubber latex having a particle diameter of 2600-5000 A, a gel content of 70-95%, and a swelling index of 12-30 by enlarging the small aperture polybutadiene rubber latex particles; c) performing graft copolymerization at 65-80° C.

Abstract: A retroreflective article includes a flat front surface, and a structured rear surface displaced from the flat front surface. The structured rear surface is provided with arrays of sets of three mutually perpendicular lateral triangular sides, and a plurality of trigonal linear prisms. The three lateral triangular sides have a common apex and uncommon linear base edges. The linear prisms are disposed along at least one of the linear base edges of the three lateral triangular sides.

Abstract: Disclosed is a preparation method of an exfoliated nitropolymer/silicate nanocomposite by emulsion polymerization of monomers forming the polymer in an aqueous dispersion of non-modified, layered silicate in the presence of a reactive emulsifier having both a radical-polymerizable vinyl group and a functional group with affinity for silicate. In the process of the polymerization, silicate is fully exfoliated and uniformly dispersed in the polymer. Therefore, only a small amount of silicate is sufficient to improve thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer. Further, the method is advantageous in terms of a simple preparation process due to no use of organo-modified silicate, thus achieving an economic benefit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing spherical and highly crystalline BAM blue phosphor particles, that are close to a single crystal. According to the present invention, the spherical BAM blue particles that are preferable for embodying pictures on a very bright PDP screen can be obtained by mixing raw materials with fluxes to prepare a mixture, transferring the mixture into a closed reactor, and heat-treating the mixture under a reducing atmosphere containing nitrogen and hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing polyolefin polymerization catalysts and provides a process for manufacturing polyolefin polymerization catalysts, wherein after manufacturing a homogeneous solution of magnesium compounds using magnesium compounds and alcohols along with hydrocarbon solvents and contacting with titanium compounds by adding organic aluminum, the mixture is treated again with organic aluminum or alcohols having 5 or less carbon atoms, then contacted with titanium compounds. Polyolefin polymerization catalysts prepared by the preparation process of the present invention have superior polyolefin polymerization activities, they prepare polymers having high Melt Flow Ratios, and produce a lesser amount of fine particle polymers.

Abstract: The invention is a lithium secondary battery that prevents electrolyte and internal gas leakage by durably sealing the electrolyte injecting hole. The lithium secondary battery consists of a battery can, which contains a polar plate set with an anode plate, and a separator inserted and installed inside the battery can. The opening of the battery can has a cap assembly with an electrolyte injecting hole so that the can interior can be sealed. To seal the battery can, a rivet shaped sealing member is inserted in the electrolyte injecting hole. The sealing member is placed in contact with the cap assembly at an area surrounding the electrolyte injecting hole and affixed to the cap assembly.

Abstract: A surface treatment composition of the present invention comprises (A) urethaneacrylate oligomer, (B) acrylate based monomer, (C) photoinitiator, (D) silicon additive, and (E) silica matting agent. The present invention provides a surface treatment composition in which imparts abrasion and scratch resistance to the surface of a soft type urethaneacrylate oligomer decorative floor covering, and ameliorates the problem of low stain resistance caused a low density of elaborate crosslinks by using a small amount of single functional group monomer. The present invention also provides a surface treatment composition in which employs only hard type urethaneacrylate without single functional group monomer so that cross linking density is increased and the effects of oxygen that prohibits the surface curing are minimized, resulting in improved stain resistance.

Abstract: A surface treatment composition of the present invention comprises (A) urethaneacrylate oligomer, (B) acrylate based monomer, (C) photoinitiator, (D) silicon additive, and (E) silica matting agent. The present invention provides a surface treatment composition in which imparts abrasion and scratch resistance to the surface of a soft type urethaneacrylate oligomer decorative floor covering, and ameliorates the problem of low stain resistance caused a low density of elaborate crosslinks by using a small amount of single functional group monomer. The present invention also provides a surface treatment composition in which employs only hard type urethaneacrylate without single functional group monomer so that cross linking density is increased and the effects of oxygen that prohibits the surface curing are minimized, resulting in improved stain resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallocene compound having a functional group that facilitates the preparation of the supported metallocene catalyst for olefin polymerization and the olefin polymerization process using the same. The metallocene compounds in this invention are strongly supported on the inorganic support due to the strong chemical bond of the ligand of the metallocene compound with the silica surface, which leads to minimize leaching of the catalyst during the activation process. Therefore, the supported catalyst of this invention allows the olefin polymerization process to proceed without any fouling in the reactor with a slurry or a gas phase process, and the morphology and bulk density of the polymer produced are much better defined than those produced by conventional methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reforming the surface of polymer, especially to a method for providing hydrophilicity or increasing hydrophobicity by reforming the surface of polymer or polymer membrane. The present invention is a method for reforming the surface of polymer membrane by irradiating it with energized ionic particles under the vacuum condition. The method including the steps of: a) manufacturing polymer membrane, including a surface activated, by inserting polymer membrane into a vacuum chamber, and by irradiating energized ionic particles on the surface of polymer membrane with an ion beam under a high vacuum; and b) manufacturing polymer membrane treated with a reactive gas on the surface of membrane, including the activated surface of step a), by infusing the reactive gas into a vacuum chamber after energized ionic particles of step a) have been irradiated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compensator comprising a positive and a negative birefringent retardation film, its use in displays and optical elements, and to displays comprising such a compensator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low a dielectric material essential for a next generation semiconductor with high density and high performance, and more particularly to a low dielectric material that is thermally stable and has good film-forming properties and excellent mechanical properties, a dielectric film comprising the low dielectric material, and a semiconductor device manufactured using the dielectric film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low a dielectric material essential for a next generation semiconductor with high density and high performance, and more particularly to a low dielectric material that is thermally stable and has good film-forming properties and excellent mechanical properties, a dielectric film comprising the low dielectric material, and a semiconductor device manufactured using the dielectric film. The present invention provides an organic silicate polymer having a flexible organic bridge unit in the network prepared by the resin composition of the component (a) and the component (b).

Abstract: An achromatic quarter wave film (AQWF) comprising at least one quarter wave film (QWF) and at least one half wave film (HWF), each of said QWF and HWF comprising polymerized or vitrified anisotropic material, to methods and materials for the preparation of the AQWF, its use in optical devices like compensators and liquid crystal displays, and to a liquid crystal display comprising such an AQWF.

Abstract: There are described methods for making polyhydroxyalkanoate and its copolymers, by culturing a host cell transformed with a vector comprising a polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis-related DNA fragment isolated from Alcaligenes latus. The DNA fragment comprises genes that encode for polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, &bgr;-ketothiolase, and acetoacetyl-CoA reductase.