Abstract: A glass heating system includes a low emissivity sheet of coated glass and an optical sensor mounted on the surface of the glass for optically detecting condensation on the glass. The low emissivity glass is economical to produce and provides superior thermal properties. The low emissivity glass has improved thermal characteristics for use in insulating glass doors for freezers and refrigerators. The optical sensor is positioned between the sheets of glass in the insulating glass unit for detection of moisture on the outer surface. When condensation is detected, the controller transmits power through the conductive coating on the unexposed surface of the glass to heat the glass and eliminate the condensation. In a two paned insulating glass door, the control circuit can be conveniently mounted in the frame of the door.

Abstract: A vehicle window assembly includes one or more resistance heating lines for electrically heating a section of the window area corresponding to a window wiper rest area. An opaque obscuration band is formed so as to define one or more elongate, relatively narrow wiper alignment apertures along a portion of the window at the wiper rest area. The aperture(s) defined by the obscuration band are positioned so as to be aligned with at least a portion of a heating line. In this manner, at least a portion of the heating line is visible from the exterior of the vehicle through the outer surface of the window.

Abstract: Silicate based glass compositions with boron compounds are included in the composition as performance modifiers to impart desirable color and improved energy absorbance properties. The boron compound is, generally, a metal boride which is added to the batch glass composition in amounts greater than 0.05 weight percent prior to melting the composition and method resulting in a finished glass suitable for use in architectural and automotive glazings.

Abstract: A moisture sensor for detecting moisture on the surface of a transparent material. The moisture sensor includes one or more emitters for producing moisture sensing signals which are influenced by moisture on the transparent material, and one or more detectors for receiving the moisture sensing signals and producing a detector output signal. The moisture sensor further includes a pre-demodulation gain and filtering circuit having high order filtering for removing most of the unwanted ambient light noise and EMI interference from the detector output signal for the accurate detection of moisture in the presence of noise.

Abstract: A molding apparatus and method of use thereof. The molding apparatus has a stationary mold base, and at least one moveable mold core rotatable into and out of a facing relationship with the stationary mold base. When the moveable mold core is in its closed position, it cooperates with the stationary mold base to define a mold cavity. The mold base may be shaped so as to aid in forming a part, or to hold a sheet of material onto which molding material is to be deposited so as to encapsulate the part on one or more edges or surface regions. Structure may also be encapsulated onto the surface of the material during the molding operation.

Abstract: A color neutral absorbing film applied as a coating on a glass substrate. The film is an antimony/tin oxide alloy coating containing at least about five atomic percent antimony. The coating is suitable for use in anti-reflective coatings containing other metal oxides or mixed metal oxides to achieve a coated glass article having a visible light transmittance of 30% or greater and a reflectance of less than 5%.

Abstract: Silicate based glass compositions with phosphorus compounds included in the composition as spectral modifiers to impart desirable color and improved energy absorbance properties are disclosed. The phosphorus compound is generally a metal phosphide which is added to the batch glass composition in amounts greater than 0.05 weight percent prior to melting. The composition and method result in a finished glass suitable for use in architectural and automotive glazings.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for coating a surface of a sheet of glass by deposition of a coating material on the surface as the sheet is conveyed past the apparatus. The apparatus consists of a supply line for supplying a gaseous precursor mixture. The precursor mixture is applied to the surface of a sheet of glass through a chamber. The chamber includes an inlet connected to the supply line and an outlet adjacent the sheet of glass.The apparatus also includes an upstream exhaust tower including a passageway for exhausting unreacted portions of the gaseous precursor mixture and an upstream exhaust toe positioned a specific height above the glass surface.Lastly, the apparatus includes a downstream exhaust tower including a passageway for exhausting unreacted portions of the gaseous precursor mixture and a downstream exhaust toe positioned a specific height above the glass surface which is greater than the height at which said upstream exhaust toe is positioned.

Abstract: A moisture sensor for detecting moisture on the surface of a transparent material. The moisture sensor includes one or more emitters for producing emitter signals which are influenced by moisture on the transparent material, and one or more detectors for receiving the emitter signals. The detector produces a detector output signal which is filtered and amplified in a pre-demodulation gain and filtering circuit to remove some of the unwanted signal components including noise from ambient light and EMI. Digital Signal Processing filtering is used after the moisture signal is demodulated to a dc signal to discern small signal changes due to moisture events in the presence of large amounts of the noise created by the pre-demodulation gain circuit. The DSP filtering includes a low pass filter stage and a band pass filter stage implemented by a microcomputer using First In First Out shift registers, summing elements and division elements.

Abstract: An autobalance control circuit for use in a moisture sensor which senses moisture on the surface of a transparent material. The moisture sensor includes detectors for receiving emitter signals which are influenced by moisture on the transparent material. The moisture sensor further includes a pre-demodulation circuit for attenuating unwanted signal components in the detector output signal while amplifying the useful signal components for further processing by a microcomputer. An autobalance circuit is provided for receiving the pre-demodulation circuit signal and providing an autobalance signal to the pre-demodulation circuit input. The autobalance signal at least partially cancels the detector output signal to prevent saturation of the pre-demodulation amplifier when undesirable detector output signal amplitudes are encountered.

Abstract: A laminated safety glass is formed of an inboard glass sheet, an outboard glass sheet and a plasticized polyvinyl chloride containing interlayer therebetween. The outboard glass sheet has an average transmittance of radiation in the range of 300-340 nm of less than about 20%, and preferably less than about 1%. The outboard glass sheet also has an average transmittance of radiation in the range of 340 to 500 nm of more than about 50%. The outboard glass sheet may be formed of an ultraviolet radiation absorbing glass, such as an ultraviolet radiation absorbing green glass.

Abstract: Silicate based glass compositions with phosphorus compounds included in the composition as spectral modifiers to impart desirable color and improved energy absorbance properties. The phosphorus compound is generally a metal phosphide which is added to the batch glass composition in amounts greater than 0.05 weight percent prior to melting. The composition and method result in a finished glass suitable for use in architectural and automotive glazings.

Abstract: A process for forming an encapsulated window assembly including a gasket member surrounding a peripheral region of a transparent sheet and a peripheral seal secured to the gasket member. The peripheral region of the transparent sheet, as well as a preformed periphery seal assembly, are positioned within a mold cavity. The periphery seal assembly includes an elastomeric seal secured to a seal support member, with the seal support member being relatively rigid as compared with the elastomeric seal. The mold is closed, bring the mold sections into facing relationship, whereby opposed surfaces of the seal support member of the periphery seal assembly are engaged between a surface of the first mold section and a surface of the second mold section. A molding material is injected into the mold so as to fill the mold cavity, is allowed to solidify, and the mold is opened and the encapsulated window assembly is removed. The invention also relates to the resulting encapsulated glazing unit and mold apparatus.

Abstract: A soda-lime-silica glass having, at a thickness in the range of 3 mm to 10 mm, a visible light transmittance of 35% to 75%, a total solar radiation transmittance in the range of 20% to 60%, an ultraviolet radiation transmission less than 55%, and a blue color defined by the "CIELAB" system of L=65 to 90, a*=-15 to -4, and b*=-15 to -2. The soda-lime-silica glass composition includes the essential ingredients of about 0.5% to about 0.9% weight percent total iron (as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3), about 50 ppm to 100 ppm CoO, and about 0.1 to about 2.0 weight percent TiO.sub.2, with a ferrous iron to total iron ratio of about 20% to about 40%.

Abstract: A method of producing mirrors comprising depositing onto a ribbon of hot glass during the production process a coating comprising at least one pyrolytic reflecting layer and at least two reflection enhancing layers, the last applied or outer of the enhancing layers also serving as a protective layer for the coating. The mirrors have a visible light reflection of at least 35% and less than 70% and exhibit a bright silver or chrome appearance. There is also a provided a mirror having such a coating.

Abstract: An anti-reflective glass article including a glass substrate, a first coating of a metal oxide and a second coating of a metal oxide. The first coating of metal oxide is applied over the substrate. The refractive index of the first coating of metal oxide ranges from 1.8 to 2.6. The thickness of the first coating is greater than l/(4*n), wherein l equals a design wavelength in the visible spectrum and n equals the refractive index of said first coating of metal oxide. The second coating of metal oxide is applied over the first coating. The second coating of metal oxide has a refractive index of about 1.45 to about 1.6 and a thickness of less than l/4(n).

Abstract: A process and glass batch composition are provided for producing a soda-lime-silica glass containing oxides of iron. The process includes admixing, heating and melting a soda-lime-silica float glass batch mixture in which wuestite is included as at least a partial source of the iron oxides in the resulting glass.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing vinyl chloride alone or a mixture of vinyl chloride and other vinyl monomer(s) with hydroxy containing monomer(s), and the copolymer obtained thereby. The hydroxy containing monomer(s) is obtained by the partial allylation of dihydroxy or polyhydroxy alcohols. The copolymers are prepared by suspension polymerization. The presence of the hydroxyl groups significantly modifies the characteristics of the polymers. Plasticizer-take-up is increased and dry-time is reduced significantly. Furthermore, the hydroxyl groups become the sites for postpolymerization reactions due to their polarity and reactivity.

Abstract: A glass article used for producing a coated, solar control glass for architectural windows. The coated article includes a glass substrate, a coating of a titanium oxide deposited on and adhering to the surface of the glass substrate, a coating of silicon dioxide deposited on and adhering to the surface of the coating of the titanium oxide, a second coating of titanium oxide deposited on and adhering to the surface of the coating of the silicon dioxide, and an outer coating of a conductive metal oxide deposited on and adhering to the surface of the second coating of the titanium oxide. A specific coating stack on the glass substrate provides a neutral colored article having a high visible light transmittance, a reduced solar energy transmittance, a low emittance, and a high total solar reflectance. The use of the article in architectural glazings results in a glazing that reflects solar energy in the summer and provides a low U value for the winter.

Abstract: A compact moisture sensor for mounting on the inner surface of a windshield to detect moisture, such as rain, on the outer surface of the windshield and control the windshield wipers accordingly includes a coupler having a collimator and focuser and a housing for detachably covering the coupler. A planar circuit board disposed within the housing includes emitters and detectors mounted such that the axes of emission and detection are perpendicular to the windshield when the housing is secured to the coupler. The collimator and focuser are disposed adjacent the emitter and detector respectively such that the optical axes of the collimator and focuser form oblique angles with respect to the emission and detection axes. Two emitters and two detectors are used to form four optical paths of equal length and optical efficiency.