Abstract: The invention refers to a device (3) for actuating a membrane arranged in an opening to a space, and a vehicle having such a device. The membrane (1) has a first surface (1?) and a second opposite surface (1?), and is limited by an edge area. The device includes a first strip (5) to be attached to the first surface of the membrane in the edge area, and a second strip (6) to be attached to a surface of a frame portion extending around the opening. An exchanging number (8) is arranged between and connecting the first strip with the second strip. An actuating member (20) is arranged to transfer a reciprocating primary movement to the exchanging member converting the primary movement to a reciprocating secondary movement, which has a longer length of stroke than the primary movement and acts on the strips to move towards and away from each other.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device (3) for actuating a membrane arranged in an opening to a space, and a vehicle having such a device. The membrane (1) has a first surface (1?) and a second opposite surface (1?), and is limited by an edge area. The device includes a first strip (5) to be attached to the first surface of the membrane in the edge area, and a second strip (6) to be attached to a surface of a frame portion extending around the opening. An exchanging number (8) is arranged between and connecting the first strip with the second strip. An actuating member (20) is arranged to transfer a reciprocating primary movement to the exchanging member converting the primary movement to a reciprocating secondary movement, which has a longer length of stroke than the primary movement and acts on the strips to move towards and away from each other.

Abstract: Bonded vehicular glass assemblies utilizing two-component urethane adhesives to attach dynamic load-bearing attachment members to glass substrates to form a joint suitable for use on a vehicle, and related methods of forming are described herein. In addition, methods of attaching components to glass by use of these adhesives are disclosed. The method of forming the assemblies may include priming the glass panel prior to applying the adhesive to the primed glass panel and/or attachment member. The method may include allowing the urethane adhesive to cure to form a layer of cured urethane adhesive bonding the attachment member to the first surface of the glass panel without exposure of the bonded attachment member on the second surface of the panel. The cured adhesive layer disposed between the attachment member and the glass panel may have a thickness in the range from about 0.25 mm to about 2.0 mm.

Abstract: A flush-mounted articulated window assembly for use in a vehicle, the window assembly adapted to be mounted in a window opening such that, when closed, it is generally flush with the exterior surface of the vehicle. The window assembly includes a transparent sheet with at least one window-mounting member bonded by two separate adhesives to an inner surface of the sheet. The mounting member includes projections which space the mounting member from the inner sheet surface, and/or perforations which allow air and moisture to reach the space provided between the mounting member and the inner sheet surface. A first adhesive temporarily fixtures the mounting member to the sheet. A second adhesive permanently bonds the mounting member to the inner sheet surface. The bond created is sufficiently strong such that application of a load sufficient to cause a failure results in a failure other than in the adhesion of the adhesive to the mounting member and the panel.

Abstract: A window assembly suitable for use in an articulated side window of a vehicle comprises a glass panel and one or more hinge mounting members adhesively bonded to an inner surface of the glass panel such that there is no exposure on the outer surface of the glass panel. Each mounting member comprises a generally U-shaped portion comprising a mounting flange and a tab portion, with an arcuate leg portion interconnecting the mounting flange and the tab portion, and with the tab portion spaced from and overlying generally parallel to the mounting flange. A latch mounting member is adhesively bonded to the inner surface of the glass panel such that there is no exposure on the outer surface, and preferably comprises a disk-shaped flange with a stud configured for fitting with a latching mechanism which is used to move the glass panel between window open and window closed positions.

Abstract: A device is provided for actuating a membrane arranged in an opening to a space, and a vehicle having such a device. The membrane has a first surface and a second opposite surface, and is limited by an edge area. The device includes a first strip to be attached to the second surface of the membrane in the edge area, and a second strip to be attached to a surface of a frame portion extending around the opening. An exchanging member is arranged between and connecting the first strip and the second strip. An actuating member is arranged to transfer a reciprocating primary movement to the exchanging member converting the primary movement to a reciprocating secondary movement, which has a longer length of stroke than the primary movement and acts on the strips to move towards and away from each other.

Abstract: An electrochromic device is achieved that exhibits the characteristics of impact-resistant safety glass by starting with a solid electrolyte sheet material and a peripheral sealant material sandwiched between substrates to heat and pressure such that the electrolyte bonds to the treated surfaces of the substrates with an adhesion of at least 1.8 kg/linear cm width causing the electrolyte to exhibit a tensile strength of at least 5 kg/cm2.

Abstract: The invention includes many applications for electrochromic devices that require neutral colors and patterned electrodes. It uses novel materials, ways of making the materials, device configurations and applications. In one aspect, the device also includes electrical leads (115,116), transparent conductor layers (135,136), patterned EC layers (143,144), an etch line (99) and a substrate (125).

Abstract: An electrochromic device is achieved that exhibits the characteristics of impact-resistant safety glass by subjecting a solid electrolyte sheet material and a peripheral sealant material sandwiched between substrates to heat and pressure such that the electrolyte bonds to the surfaces of the substrates with an adhesion of at least 1.8 kg/linear cm width causing the electrolyte to exhibit a tensile strength of at least 5 kg/cm2.