Abstract: A security communication packet processing apparatus (100) comprises an encryption processing unit (102) that performs encryption processing and decryption processing in a data block unit of B1 bits, an authentication processing unit (104) that performs authentication processing in a data block unit of B2(=n×B1) bits in parallel to the encryption processing or the decryption processing in the encryption processing unit (102) and outputs an authentication value, a data block accumulation unit (103) that accumulates the data blocks from the encryption processing unit (102) and outputs the data blocks to the authentication processing unit (104) when the accumulated amount of the data blocks reaches B2 bits, a packet construction unit (105) that reconstructs a packet with the data blocks from the encryption processing unit (102) and the authentication value from the authentication processing unit (104), and an encryption and authentication processing control unit (101) that divides the inputted packet into the da

Abstract: A motor driving apparatus for driving a linear vibration motor having a spring member that supports a mover so as to form a spring vibration system including the mover. The motor driving apparatus employs an accurate spring constant of the spring member corresponding to an individual linear vibration motor at a position calculation for obtaining the position of the mover during the operation, thereby increasing the accuracy of the position calculation. The motor driving apparatus includes a mover force vibration unit for making the mover of the linear vibration motor freely vibrate, a relative position detection unit for detecting a timing when the freely vibrating mover passes through a fixed point (relative position), and a natural frequency detection unit for detecting a natural frequency of the mover based on output information from the relative position detection unit, thereby calculating the spring constant based on the detected natural frequency.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for recovering a catalyst from a catalyst body comprising a carrier having a catalyst layer formed on at least a part of the surface thereof, which comprises (a) a step of forming an overcoat layer on the surface of the catalyst layer, and (b) a step of allowing the catalyst body having the overcoat layer formed thereon to stand under the condition to result in a difference in expansibility or contractility exhibited by the overcoat layer from that exhibited by the carrier, wherein exfoliation of the catalyst layer from the carrier is permitted by means of the resulting difference in expansibility or contractility under the condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a write-once optical information recording medium that can achieve a high reflectance and favorable recording and reproducing characteristics such that a high C/N ratio and high sensitivity even when information is recorded/reproduced with high density. This medium includes a transparent substrate and at least one information layer formed on the substrate. The information layer includes a recording layer made of a material including Te, O and M, where M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au and Bi. A reflectance with respect to a light beam incident from the side of the transparent substrate after recording information on the recording layer is lower than a reflectance before recording.