Abstract: A distal end cover includes a cover body having a cylindrical shape. The cover body includes first and second body portions, a first opening formed in the first body portion and the second body portion, a second opening that can receive a distal end portion of an insertion portion of an endoscope and is formed on a side opposite to the first body portion with respect to the second body portion, a finger hook portion forming a portion of the first opening, a first thin wall portion forming a portion of the first opening, and a second thin wall portion. When a load is applied to the finger hook portion to expand the first opening, a force in a tensile direction is applied to the first thin wall portion, and a force in a shearing direction is applied to the second thin wall portion.

Abstract: A medical manipulator system includes a medical manipulator comprising a bending portion, an actuator configured to bend the bending portion, a controller comprising an interface configured to which a bending manipulation for bending the bending portion is input, and configured to detect a movement amount of the interface, and a processor configured to control the actuator. The processor calculates displacement of a bending amount of the bending portion for a reference bending amount and causes the actuator to be driven on the basis of a ratio of a second bending amount to the movement amount of the interface calculated so that a difference between a first bending amount calculated on the basis of a driving amount of the actuator and the second bending amount calculated on the basis of the movement amount of the interface is eliminated.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a processor. After acquiring endoscope image information from an endoscope to generate an organ model, the processor continues acquiring the endoscope image information, specifies, based on the latest endoscope image information, a change site of the organ model already generated, corrects a shape of at least a part of the organ model including the change site, and outputs information on the organ model corrected.

Abstract: A distal end portion for use with an endoscope includes: a distal end body having an insertion hole, the insertion hole configured to accept a treatment tool inserted therethrough; a shaft rotatably disposed relative to the distal end body; and a raising base configured to rotate with the shaft, and be movable between a raised state where the raising base has been raised relative to a longitudinal direction of the distal end body and a laid state where the raising base has been laid relative to the longitudinal direction, and the raising base comprising; a shaft hole having an interior configured to be engaged with an exterior of the shaft; and a treatment tool guiding surface configured to abut against the treatment tool to adjust a direction in which the treatment tool protrudes.

Abstract: A distal end portion for use with an endoscope includes: an imager configured to capture an image of a predetermined three-dimensional area; and a raising base configured to be rotatable in a predetermined rotational range, the raising base configured to abut against a treatment tool to adjust a direction in which the treatment tool protrudes. The imager is arranged such that a portion of the raising base is in the predetermined three-dimensional area when the raising base is positioned anywhere within the predetermined rotation range.

Abstract: An optical unit includes: a fixed portion; a movable portion arranged movably inside the fixed portion; a first slider arranged between the fixed portion and the movable portion, the first slider being configured to slide with a movement of the movable portion; a second slider arranged between the fixed portion and the movable portion, and at a position different from a position of the first slider, the second slider being configured to slide with the movement of the movable portion; a driver that includes a coil and a magnet; and a biasing part that is arranged outside the movable portion, the biasing part being configured to cause the magnet to generate a biasing force to push the movable portion toward the fixed portion.

Abstract: A neural network update device includes a processor that includes hardware. The processor is configured to, with respect to a plurality of output data obtained as a result of inputting a plurality of training data into a neural network, compare the plurality of output data with a plurality of pieces of correct answer information allocated respectively to the plurality of training data to calculate a loss value for each of the plurality of output data, and for relevant output data, the loss value for which meets a predetermined reference, process the correct answer information corresponding to the relevant output data, or process the training data corresponding to the relevant output data, to update the neural network by using the loss value of the output data of the neural network after the processing.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a distal end body positioned at a distal end of an insertion portion; and a first built-in component and a second built-in component each having a distal end portion housed in the distal end body. The distal end body includes: a first housing portion that extends along a first direction and houses the distal end portion of the first built-in component; a first opening portion communicating with the first housing portion and being open in at least a second direction; a second housing portion that communicates with the first housing portion, extends along the first direction at a position shifted in a third direction, and houses the distal end portion of the second built-in component; and a second opening portion communicating with the second housing portion and be open in at least the second direction.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: an insertion section including a distal end and a proximal end, the insertion section configured for insertion into a subject; an operation section main body connected to the proximal end of the insertion section and, the operation section main body configured to be grasped by a user. The operation section main body includes an operation knob and a switch button. The operation knob is rotatable about a center axis to move the distal end of the insertion section. The switch button is translatable in a translating direction. In a view in a longitudinal direction of the operation section main body, the center axis of the operation knob is configured to be tilted with respect to a direction that is perpendicular to each of the longitudinal direction of the operation section main body and the translating direction of the switch button.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a connection member that has an attaching and detaching direction defined to be orthogonal to a central axis of a distal end rigid portion in a longitudinal direction and is engaged with a wire connection portion of a movable member; and a rigid guide including a wire insertion path that guides a pulling wire, a distal end opening of the wire insertion path being disposed on a proximal end side of the movable member. The distal end opening of the wire insertion path of the rigid guide is disposed at a position closer to the central axis of the distal end rigid portion in an attaching direction of the connection member than a position in a plane formed by a rotation trajectory of the connection member.

Abstract: An endoscope including an insertion section including a movable member configured to move between a first position and a second position, and an operation section including a lever and a stopper, and the operation section provided on a proximal end side of the insertion section. The lever is configured to be rotatable around a first rotation axis within a first rotational range of rotation in a first state to move the movable member between the first position and the second position. The stopper is configured to restrict rotation of the lever within the first rotational range of rotation in the first state. One of the lever or the stopper is deformed to change the first rotational range in the first state to a second rotational range of rotation in a second state, the second rotation range of rotation being greater than the first rotational range of rotation.

Abstract: The endoscope has an insertion portion, an imaging unit, and a member formed in a given dimension. The insertion portion has an apical portion, an actively curvable portion, and a treatment device channel. The actively curvable portion is located on the proximal side of the apical portion. The treatment device channel is positioned along the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion. The insertion portion is formed of resin. One or more radiopaque members, formed of knowns dimensions, are coated on a surface of the insertion portion or placed in, buried or covered laterally in the insertion portion. The X-ray transmittance of the radiopaque members is different from the X-ray transmittance of the resin forming the insertion portion.

Abstract: A signal transmission and reception system includes a transmission device configured to transmit a transmission signal, a reception device configured to receive the transmission signal, in which the transmission device includes a Manchester coding circuit that generates an encoded signal in which transmission data is converted into a Manchester code as a switching edge, as at least a part of the transmission signal on the basis of a transmission clock, and the reception device includes a high-speed clock generation circuit, an edge detection circuit configured to detect an edge of the transmission signal, and a signal detection circuit configured to detect the edge detected in a period sandwiched between a first elapsed time at which a first period has elapsed from a start point and a second elapsed time at which a second period longer than the first period has elapsed from the start point as the switching edge.

Abstract: A guidewire holding device comprises a sheath including a lumen, a holder disposed at a distal end of the sheath and configured to be switchable between holding a guidewire and releasing the guidewire, a treatment tool inserted in the lumen to perform an intended treatment, and a wire connected to the treatment tool and configured to move the treatment tool between a first configuration and a second configuration. In the first configuration, the treatment tool is contained insider the lumen, and, in the second configuration, the treatment tool is protruded from the distal end of the sheath.

Abstract: An imaging device includes pixels, a sampling circuit, a reference signal generation circuit, a comparator, a measurement circuit, and a voltage adjustment circuit. The sampling circuit is configured to sample an analog signal. The comparator is configured to compare a voltage of the analog signal with a voltage of the reference signal. The reference signal generation circuit is configured to generate the reference signal that has a first voltage in a first period and has a second voltage in a second period. The measurement circuit is configured to measure the length of a period until the voltage of the analog signal and the voltage of the reference signal match each other. The voltage adjustment circuit is configured to adjust an analog voltage provided to the reference signal generation circuit such that a value of the first voltage nears a value of the second voltage.

Abstract: A medical manipulator system includes a medical manipulator having a bending portion and a wire that bends the bending portion, an actuator that bends the bending portion by driving the wire, a sensor that detects a tension of the wire; and a control device that controls the actuator, wherein the wire includes a pair of first wires that bend the bending portion in a first direction, and when a tension difference between the pair of first wires is larger than a first threshold value, the control device performs first tension control to drive at least one wire of the pair of first wires so that the tension difference is equal to or less than the first threshold value.

Abstract: An endoscope includes: a distal-end constituting portion provided at a distal end of an insertion portion of the endoscope; an observation window having a field of view direction that intersects a longitudinal axis of the insertion portion; a first flat surface on which the observation window is arranged, the first flat surface constituting a part of a surface of the distal-end constituting portion and having a first intersection angle with respect to the longitudinal axis; a second flat surface constituting a part of the surface of the distal-end constituting portion, the second flat surface being provided on a distal end side or a proximal end side with respect to the first flat surface, and having a second intersection angle with respect to the longitudinal axis, the second intersection angle being smaller than the first intersection angle; and a supply unit arranged on the second flat surface.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a processor. The processor is configured to: set a plurality of tracking points uniformly arranged in a first image that is one of the time series of images; track each of the tracking points from the first image to a second image and determine the success or failure in tracking each of the tracking points, the second image being an image at a different time from the first image among the time series of images; estimate an image plane of the second image by perspective projection transformation using the tracking points tracked successfully; correct the positions of the tracking points failed to be tracked on the second image by back projection to the image plane; and perform image registration on the second image based on the plurality of tracking points to generate a registration image.

Abstract: A distal end body of an endoscope includes: an outer portion defining an internal space and including a partition, the partition having a first through hole, the partition partitioning the internal space into a first space and a second space; a first sealing portion including a second through hole, the first sealing portion being fitted in the first through hole in a state of protruding from the first through hole toward the first space; and an inner portion being fitted in the second through hole.