Abstract: Disclosed are an iron-carbon composite in which 10 to 90% of the internal space of a nanoflake carbon tube or a nested multi-walled carbon nanotube is filled with iron carbide or iron; a carbonaceous material containing such iron-carbon composites; and a process for preparing the same. The iron-carbon composite is useful for electron emitting materials and other applications.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing hydrocarbons from exhaust gas containing methane and an excess of oxygen, which comprises palladium or palladium/platinum supported on at least one carrier selected from zirconia, sulfated zirconia and tungsten-zirconia, and a method for treating exhaust gas using the catalyst.

Abstract: An active carbon for use in the treatment of exhaust gas can be obtained by heat-treating a starting active carbon fiber derived from polyacrylonitrile, pitch or the like or a starting particulate active carbon in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The heat-treating temperature is preferably in the range of 600 to 1,200 ° C. for use in the desulfurization of exhaust gas, and in range of 600 to 1,000° C. for use in the denitration of exhaust gas. By using the resulting heat-treated active carbon for the purpose of desulfurization, the sulfur oxide concentration in exhaust gas can be reduced to 5 ppm or below. Moreover, by using the heat-treated active carbon in combination with conventional denitration based on selective catalytic reduction, the nitrogen oxide concentration in exhaust gas can be reduced to 1 ppm or below.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cermet electrode for use as e.g. the fuel electrode of a solid electrolyte fuel cell and a method of manufacturing the same. This cermet electrode is characterized by comprising grains of a high-melting metal having a melting point of not less than 1,900° C. and/or grains of an alloy containing the high-melting metal and secured in position by zirconia doped to present the form of a cubic lattice. The method of manufacturing this cermet electrode comprises covering a support of doped zirconia with grains of a high-melting metal having a melting point of not less than 1,900° C. and/or grains of an alloy containing the high-melting metal and causing a framework structure to grow from the doped zirconia around the grains by electrochemical vapor deposition to secure the grains in position and to the support.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing hydrocarbons from exhaust gas containing methane and an excess of oxygen, which comprises palladium or palladium/platinum supported on at least one carrier selected from zirconia, sulfated zirconia and tungsten-zirconia, and a method for treating exhaust gas using the catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are an iron-carbon composite in which 10 to 90% of the internal space of a nanoflake carbon tube or a nested multi-walled carbon nanotube is filled with iron carbide or iron; a carbonaceous material containing such iron-carbon composites; and a process for preparing the same. The iron-carbon composite is useful for electron emitting materials and other applications.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing hydrocarbons from exhaust gas containing methane and an excess of oxygen, which comprises palladium or palladium/platinum supported on at least one carrier selected from zirconia, sulfated zirconia and tungsten-zirconia, and a method for treating exhaust gas using the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel electrode for high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cells and a process for manufacture of the electrode. The fuel electrode of the invention is a porous element composed of a high-melting metal, such as ruthenium, osmium, rhodium or iridium, or an alloy containing the metal. The process for manufacture of the fuel electrode comprises coating an electrode material with a solution or dispersion of the high-melting metal and/or its chloride, sintering the same and finally reducing the product.

Abstract: The disclosed method of measuring the flow of a fluid with a porous particulate ceramic tracer and an optical instrument is characterized in that spherical particles having diameters in the range of 0.5 to 150 &mgr;m are used as the tracer. Inasmuch as the tracer particles for flow measurement are spherical, the sectional area of scattered light to be detected by an optical sensor means is constant regardless of the orientation of particles. Furthermore, spherical particles have no surface irregularities that might cause concatenation so that individual particles are not agglomerated in tracking a fluid flow, thus contributing to improved measurement accuracy.

Abstract: This invention relates to a technique for removing nitrogen oxides (NOx) present in exhaust gases discharged from boilers and the like. When the temperature of the exhaust gas is 100° C. or below, a heat-treated active carbon produced by heat-treating a raw active carbon at 600 to 1,200° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere so as to remove oxygen-containing functional groups present at the surfaces thereof and thereby reduce the atomic surface oxygen/surface carbon ratio to 0.05 or less is preferably used. When the temperature of the exhaust gas exceeds 100° C., a heat-treated active carbon produced by heat-treating a raw active carbon at 600. to 1,200° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and activating the surfaces thereof with sulfuric acid or nitric acid to impart oxidizing oxygen-containing functional groups thereto is preferably used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for joining polyolefin pipes by means of a polyolefin joint, the method comprising the steps of placing a treatment containing a silicon compound or a treatment containing a silicon compound and a reaction accelerator between the pipes and the joint and heating a joining portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel electrode for high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cells and a process for manufacture of the electrode. The fuel electrode of the invention is a porous element composed of a high-melting metal, such as ruthenium, osmium, rhodium or iridium, or an alloy containing the metal. The process for manufacture of the fuel electrode comprises coating an electrode material with a solution or dispersion of the high-melting metal and/or its chloride, sintering the same and finally reducing the product.

Abstract: The disclosed method of measuring the flow of a fluid with a porous particulate ceramic tracer and an optical instrument is characterized in that spherical particles having diameters in the range of 0.5 to 150 &mgr;m are used as the tracer. Inasmuch as the tracer particles for flow measurement are spherical, the sectional area of scattered light to be detected by an optical sensor means is constant regardless of the orientation of particles. Furthermore, spherical particles have no surface irregularities that might cause concatenation so that individual particles are not agglomerated in tracking a fluid flow, thus contributing to improved measurement accuracy.

Abstract: A process for the denitration of combustion exhaust gas from combustion equipment by passing the exhaust gas through an ammonia reduction denitrator, comprises providing a bypass having a low-temperature denitrator installed therein; while the temperature of the exhaust gas is not high enough to allow the ammonia reduction denitrator to function properly, as encountered immediately after starting the combustion equipment, passing the exhaust gas through the bypass to perform the denitration thereof by means of the low-temperature denitrator; when the ammonia reduction denitrator has come to function properly, closing the bypass to perform the denitration of the exhaust gas by means of the ammonia reduction denitrator; and regenerating a catalyst within said low-temperature denitrator while the by-pass is closed.

Abstract: The present invention provides monoclonal antibodies suitable for monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by an immunoasay, hybridoma cell lines producing said antibodies, and an immunoassay for analyzing PAHs in a sample using said monoclonal antibodies. In addition, the present invention provides PAH conjugates useful as an immunogen in preparing said antibodies and as a standard substance in a competitive assay.

Abstract: In the method for measuring the velocity of fluid or visualizing the distribution of fluid by feeding tracer particles to the fluid, irradiating the fluid with light and observing return light from the tracer particles, tracer particles containing a fluorescent substance are fed at least partially to the fluid and the fluid is irradiated with exciting light to cause the tracer particles to output fluorescent emissions. A filter which does not transmit the exciting light is used to substantially selectively observe the fluorescent emissions of the tracer particles. This method results in a remarkable improvement in the accuracy of flow velocity measurement or visualization of fluid distribution. Moreover, in a mixed fluid system consisting of two or more different fluids, the pattern of behavior of each fluid and the intermingled state of the fluids can be observed by using a plurality of different tracer particles.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a polysilane represented by the formula (1) wherein R is hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group, amino group or silyl group, R's may be the same or at least two of them may be different from each other; each hydroxyl group is in the p-position or m-position; and n is 2 to 10,000, preferably 13 to 8,500. The polysilane of the invention is important as materials for modified polycarbonates or like engineering plastics, resists or electrophotographic photoreceptors.

Abstract: A method for producing polysilanes comprising subjecting a dihalosilane of the general formula (wherein m is 1 to 3; R represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group, amino group or silyl group and two Rs are the same or different in case of m=1, four Rs are the same or at least two of them are different in case of m=2 and six Rs are the same or at least two of them are different in case of m=3; X represents halogen atom) to the action of Mg or Mg alloy in an aprotic solvent in the presence of Li salt and metal halide, thereby producing polysilane represented by the general formula (wherein R is as defined above corresponding to the starting material; n is 2 to 1000).

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, lithium secondary batteries excellent in charge/discharge characteristics, in particular in charge/discharge capacity and initial efficiency, and high in safety can be provided.

Abstract: An iron comprising a bottom member as an ironing face, which is provided with a plated metal film containing fluorine compound fine particles, so that the ironing face provides high surface hardness which shows less wear, good slidability and less generation of static electricity.