Abstract: The fluororesin composite material with high mechanical strength characteristics and wear resistance comprising 99 to 40 parts by weight of a fluororesin, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, and 1 to 60 parts by weight of a carbon fiber wherein the carbon fiber has an interplanar spacing d(002) of 3.36 to 3.45 .ANG., a c-axis crystallite dimension (Lc) of 35 to 400 .ANG. and an a-axis crystallite dimension (La) of 40 to 800 .ANG.. The carbon fiber obtained by heat-treating a precursor fiber, previously infusiblized or flame resistance-treated, in an inert gas containing 20 to 5,000 ppm of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of 2,500.degree. to 3,00.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for producing friction material free of pill having at least 2 mm in shorter diameter comprising mixing dispersion medium and friction base comprising carbon fiber having weighted mean fiber length of at least 0.3 mm, binder and friction modifier to form a dispersion ranging in a solid content concentration of 0.5 to 50% by weight, filtering the dispersion, drying a filter cake and forming the cake.

Abstract: A novel method for synthesizing peptides and proteins having a desired amino acid sequence by utilizing an aminoacyl-tRNA and misaminoacyl-tRNA as well as an artificial mRNA in a system for in vitro protein synthesis is provided. According to the present method, desired peptides and proteins can be synthesized using naturally-occurring and non naturally-occurring amino acids. Accordingly, the present invention provides a fundamental technique which is important in the fields of various industries and various fundamental researches such as biochemistry, molecular biology and protein engineering.

Abstract: A method for producing disilane characterized in that halosilane is subjected to electrochemical reaction using Al, Al alloy, Mg, Mg alloy, Cu, Cu alloy, Zn or Zn alloy as anode, lithium salt as supporting electrolyte, Al salt, Fe salt, Mg salt, Zn salt, Sn salt, Co salt, Pd salt, V salt, Cu salt, Ca salt, Na salt or K salt as current carrying aid, and aprotic solvent as solvent, thereby producing disilane.

Abstract: A method for preparing aminoacyl- and misaminoacyl-tRNAs utilizing a specific aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase is provided. According to the present method, aminoacyl-tRNAs consisting of a tRNA and a corresponding amino acid, or misaminoacyl-tRNAs consisting of a tRNA and a non-corresponding amino acid or an amino acid derivative, can be prepared. In a specific embodiment, L-tyrosyl-tRNA.sup.Tyr is prepared using aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase from Fusarium culmorum or Artemia salina. In another embodiment a misacylated tRNA, L-phenylalanyl-tRNA.sup.Tyr, is prepared using the aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase.

Abstract: An energy supply system for supplying, in system interconnection, power received at a power receiving equipment from a power plant and power generated by a fuel cell to a power consuming installation, and supplying heat generated by the fuel cell to a heat consuming installation. This system includes an operation amount computing device for computing an amount of operation of the fuel cell to minimize an equation y=aXL+bXM+cXN, in response to an energy demand of the power consuming installation and heat consuming installation. A control device controls the fuel cell to satisfy the amount of operation computed. The system supplies energy in optimal conditions with respect to the cost borne by an energy consumer, consumption of primary energy, and release of environmental pollutants. Energy is effectively used from the standpoint of the energy consumer and a national point of view.

Abstract: This invention provides(1) a method for producing a silicon network polymer which comprises subjecting a trihalosilane to the electrode reaction using a perchlorate as the electrolyte, an aprotic solvent as the reaction solvent, Mg, Cu or Al as one electrode material and an electronically conductive material which is the same as or different from said one electrode as a counter electrode material with the polarity of electrodes being switched from time to time, and(2) a method for producing a silicon network polymer which comprises subjecting a trihalosilane to concurrent sonication and electrode reaction using a perchlorate as the electrolyte, an aprotic solvent as the reaction solvent, Mg, Cu or Al as one electrode material and an electronically conductive material which is the same as or different from said one electrode as a counter electrode material with the polarity of electrodes being switched from time to time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to produce a thin film three dimensional microelectrode of an electrically conductive polymer having an organized array of identical microprotrusions, which method comprises:(a) depositing at least one conductive metal thin film on an essentially smooth substrate,(b) depositing a thin film of a micropositive photoresist on the surface of the at least one conductive metal thin film,(c) subjecting the combination of step (b) to photolithographic or electron beam lithographic conditions with a mask capable of producing a metallic microwell,(d) electrochemically polymerizing an electrically conductive polymer onto the conducting metal,(e) removing the photoresist to produce the three dimensional microelectrode array of the electrically conductive polymer. Preferred electrically conductive polymers of step (d) are selected from polypyrrole or polyaniline.

Abstract: A process for producing a Josephson device is disclosed, wherein a Josephson junction is formed over a recess step by oblique deposition and a protective layer of conducting material or semiconducting material is formed on the Josephson junction. The actual thickness of the Josephson junction is controlled to be smaller due to the proximity effect.

Abstract: A sintered product based on mesocarbon microbeads is prepared by pressure-molding mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) having an MSP (maximum solubility percent) value of 30 to 38% by volume whereby a body is formed, and sintering the body, wherein MSP represents the percentage volume reduction (volume %) determined by heating a given amount of an MCMB to 350.degree. C. under a pressure load of 10 kgf/cm.sup.2. The quality of a molded MCMB sintered product can be controlled by determining the percentage volume reduction (MSP) of an MCMB by heating it under a given pressure load in a predetermined space using the MSP value so found as an indicator.

Abstract: In accordance with the method of the invention, the electromagnetic wave is absorbed by disposing an oriented carbon fiber-containing composition in such a manner that the longitudinal axis of its carbon fiber is aligned with the direction of the electric field of the wave W to be absorbed.

Abstract: An in-pipe running robot includes a vehicle body movable inside piping along a piping axis, and a pair of running devices disposed in front and rear positions of the vehicle body. Each of the running devices has a pair of wheels secured to opposite ends of an axle. The wheels are steerable as a unit about a vertical axis of the vehicle body, and have a center of steering thereof extending linearly in a fore and aft direction of the vehicle body. When the robot is caused to run in a circumferential direction inside the piping, the vehicle body is set to a posture having the fore and aft direction inclined with respect to the piping axis, with the running devices set to a posture for running in the circumferential direction. Then, the running devices are driven to cause the vehicle body to run stably in the circumferential direction of the piping.

Abstract: A vehicle is provided for moving within pipes to determine the condition of the interior of the pipes. The vehicle has at least one wheel which is capable of travelling on walls of magnetic material. Each wheel comprises an outer wheel member having an annular peripheral wall. An arm is rotatably mounted on the central portion of the outer wheel member. The arm has a pair of magnetically permeable members disposed widthwise of the vehicle body. A magnet is mounted on the arm with its poles in contact with the pair of magnetically permeable members. The arm can be rotated and freely oriented toward the running surface magnetically to hold the wheel to the running surface. The vehicle is capable of moving through pipes without being blocked by obstacles such as a vertical wall extending from a horizontal surface. A sensor is mounted on the vehicle and a sensor processing module receives distance and time data and processes the data to determine whether the pipe is clear or obstructed.

Abstract: A method of producing uniform inorganic microspheres with a particle size of 0.01 to 500 .mu.m by injecting an aqueous solution containing a particle-forming material into an organic solvent. The method includes injecting the aqueous solution into the organic solvent through a macromolecular membrane having a hydrophobic surface and having pores substantially uniform in pore size and extending in the direction of thickness of the membrane, substantially straight through the membrane, so that a path length of each of the pores corresponds substantially to a thickness of the membrane, to form, in said organic solvent, a large number of emulsion particles substantially uniform in size and then producing uniform inorganic microspheres from said emulsion particles on a one emulsion particle-to-one microsphere basis. The pores in the membrane are formed by either a corpuscular or laser beam.

Abstract: A repelling material for animals retaining a great amount of a repellent and also having an excellent sustained release property can be obtained by adsorbing the repellent and at least one substance of phthalic acid esters, citric acid esters and glycols.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing interconnectors for solid oxide electrolyte fuel cells (SOFC). The method of the invention is characterized in that a compact thin film to serve as an interconnector is formed on a substrate by the laser ablation method. By this method, interconnectors made of a compact thin film highly accurate in composition can be produced with high productivity.

Abstract: A monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing N-terminal portion of human calcitonin (hCT), a hybridoma producing said monoclonal antibody, a process for preparing said monoclonal antibody, and a method for detecting hCT which comprises the use of said monoclonal antibody are provided.The above monoclonal antibody permits detection of hCT with high sensitivity.

Abstract: This invention provides; a polyazopyrrole of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein n represents an integer of 5 to 10,000, and an anion-doped polyazopyrrole of the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein X represents an anion; n represents an integer of 5 to 10,000; m represents 0.001 to 2; and a represents 1, 2, or 3.

Abstract: The invention provides a film-forming apparatus by a photo-CVD method comprising such essential structural elements as a light inlet in the form of a tube, a film-forming chamber, a light outlet in the form of a tube and a nozzle for feeding a mixture of a reactant and a gas for dilution so that a specific relation exists in the dimensions between the elements.With this structure, the film-forming apparatus by a photo-CVD method prevents the blur of the laser beam-incoming window due to contaminants adhered thereto, thereby enabling the extension of reaction time, increase of the deposition, and formation of a film with uniform thickness, and making the composition of the film closest to the stoichiometric one.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon composite material diminished in anisotropy and comprising a carbon film and a resin, a forming material comprising the carbon film and the resin for producing the composite material, and a process for producing the carbon film.