Abstract: Bone repair materials are disclosed, from which ions are hardly eluted in living body and which are superior in apatite-forming ability and resistance to apatite peeling and have a scratch resistance high enough for practical use. The material comprises a substrate made of titanium or titanium alloys, and a surface layer, made substantially of titanium oxide, along the surface of the substrate. The substrate has on the surface thereof irregularities of from 1 nm to 10 ?m in average in both width and depth. The layer has a zeta potential of +4.5 mV or more under an aqueous solution environment of pH 6 to 8, and a critical scratch resistance of 35 mN or more when vibration 100 ?m in amplitude is added to a stylus with a spring constant of 200 g/mm on the surface layer and the stylus is moved at a rate of 10 mm/sec under a load increasing at a rate of 100 mN/min.

Abstract: A bone repair material being superior in apatite-forming ability and its stability in a storage and high in scratch resistance is disclosed. The material is produced by a method comprising the steps of: immersing a substrate made of titanium or a titanium alloy in a first aqueous solution that does not contain calcium ions but contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of sodium ions and potassium ions and is alkaline; immersing the substrate in a second aqueous solution that does not contain phosphate ions but contains calcium ions; heating the substrate in a dry atmosphere; and treating the substrate with hot water of 60° C. or higher or with steam.

Abstract: In order to efficiently detach and collect an IC tag (1) from a paper sheet (2) to which the IC tag (1) is attached, the IC tag (1) is detached from the paper sheet (2) by applying external force to the adhesive surface between the paper sheet (2) and the IC tag (1) (detachment step). Next, the detached IC tag (1) is fractionated from other substances (fractionation step).

Abstract: On one side of a passageway for an identification subject 10 with an IC tag 7 to pass, an antenna is provided for reading information stored in the IC tag 7, and a front wave-absorbing wall 2 and a rear wave-absorbing wall 3 are provided protruding from the vicinity of the front and rear edges of the antenna 8 toward the passageway 13 such that the walls narrow the half-power angle ? of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 8 over a horizontal plane. A wave-absorbing side wall 1 is also provided on the other side of the passageway 13. With such a structure, the propagation area of the radio wave can be controlled so that the reading area of the IC tag 7 can be limited, and the influence of the reflected wave is suppressed.

Abstract: In order to efficiently detach and collect an IC tag (1) from a paper sheet (2) to which the IC tag (1) is attached, the IC tag (1) is detached from the paper sheet (2) by applying external force to the adhesive surface between the paper sheet (2) and the IC tag (1) (detachment step). Next, the detached IC tag (1) is fractionated from other substances (fractionation step).

Abstract: In order to efficiently detach and collect an IC tag (1) from a paper sheet (2) to which the IC tag (1) is attached, the IC tag (1) is detached from the paper sheet (2) by applying external force to the adhesive surface between the paper sheet (2) and the IC tag (1) (detachment step). Next, the detached IC tag (1) is fractionated from other substances (fractionation step).

Abstract: A method for producing an artificial bone precursor is disclosed. The method comprises: extracting a part corresponding to a cancellous bone and/or a cortical bone from digitalized three-dimensional image data of a living bone, followed by setting a center line on the part; drawing a beam or a wall having a uniform diameter or thickness along the center line to form artificial bone image data; and stacking a sintered layer by laser-sintering a powder of titanium and the like based on the artificial bone image data. The precursor is suitable for an artificial bone having excellent osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity.

Abstract: In a method for improving the color reproducibility of printed matter to be produced by a printing press in proof print produced by a proof press, a look-up table containing converted values of image data over the entire color space with respect to the proof press is created, the look-up table is corrected based on the color of a printing paper for the printing press and a paper exposed area factor in the proofing, and proof print is created by the use of the corrected look-up table.

Abstract: In a method for improving the color reproducibility of printed matter to be produced by a printing press in proof print produced by a proof press, a look-up table containing converted values of image data over the entire color space with respect to the proof press is created, the look-up table is corrected based on the color of a printing paper for the printing press and a paper exposed area factor in the proofing, and proof print is created by the use of the corrected look-up table.

Abstract: In order to efficiently detach and collect an IC tag (1) from a paper sheet (2) to which the IC tag (1) is attached, the IC tag (1) is detached from the paper sheet (2) by applying external force to the adhesive surface between the paper sheet (2) and the IC tag (1) (detachment step). Next, the detached IC tag (1) is fractionated from other substances (fractionation step).

Abstract: An original reference value table containing converted values of image data on the entire color space is made based on known look-up tables of a printer and a correction printer, and a reference value table is wholly or partly corrected adequately so that the results of printing performed by the correction printer by referring to the original reference value table may be similar to the results of printing performed by the printer while the mutual non-linearity of converted values held in the reference value table is maintained, thus making a reference value table with an improved precision of color reproduction.

Abstract: An electrostatic gravure printing method wherein use is made of paper with a water content of 4-6% and a surface resistivity of 1.0×109−9.0×109&OHgr;/□ under the environment of 23±1° C. AND 50±2% RH. This method can thus limit the occurrence of missing dots in printed matters and eliminate the difficulty of page turning in the bound printed matter and electrostatic troubles such as unpleasant noise caused by electric discharge as pages are turned and separated.