Abstract: A seal for a switchgear enclosure is described. The switchgear enclosure includes a case having an opening defined by a face frame the face frame having an inner frame surface along a face frame hinge side and a door for covering the opening. The door includes a door inner surface and a door hinge side pivotally attached to the face frame along the face frame hinge side. The seal includes a sealing member disposed along the door hinge side of the door adjacent the door inner surface and configured for movement substantially perpendicular to the door hinge side between a disengaged position and an engaged position. The sealing member comprises a flange for overlapping at least a portion of an inner surface of the face frame along the face frame hinge side when in the engaged position.

Abstract: A method and system for dispatching available generation resources to supply a given load in a control area. Generating units are each assigned a temporal trajectory of output power over consecutive time intervals. The allocation of available resources are assigned so as to minimize costs associated with meeting changing loads.

Abstract: A system, method, and device for identifying data sources for a neural network are disclosed. The exemplary system may have a module for determining load curves for each selected data set. The system may also have a module for determining a global difference measure and a global similarity measure for each load curve of each selected data set. The system may have a module for determining a set of data sets with lowest value global difference measure. The system may also have a module for determining a set of data sets with largest value global similarity measure. The system may also have a module for determining a union of the sets of lowest value difference measure and the sets of largest value similarity measure. The system may also have a module for determining for each set in the union one of a local similarity measure and a local difference measure and a module for selecting a set of reduced data sets based on one of the local similarity measure and the local difference measure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a force applied to a pantograph. A bidirectional snubber and a velocity controller are used to dampen the applied force. Linkages between a shaft and the bidirectional snubber and between the bidirectional snubber and the velocity controller are used to rotationally translate the applied force.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resolving energy imbalance in a real-time manner is disclosed. A plurality of market user interfaces are coupled to an imbalance engine which determines optimal dispatch requirements corresponding to supply and demand requirements of the market participants. The imbalance engine resolves in a real-time manner the dispatch requirements while considering the transmission limitations, ramping limitations, transmission facilities, and price data.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for optimizing security constrained unit commitment in the day ahead wholesale electricity market using mixed integer linear programming techniques. The wholesale electricity market uniquely requires the submission of offers to supply energy and ancillary services at stated prices, as well as bids to purchase energy, and known operating and security constraints. The present invention address the above noted needs by providing a SCUC engine to support and implement the requirements via a computer system implementation.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for optimizing security constrained unit commitment in the day ahead wholesale electricity market using mixed integer linear programming techniques. The wholesale electricity market uniquely requires the submission of offers to supply energy and ancillary services at stated prices, as well as bids to purchase energy, and known operating and security constraints. The present invention address the above noted needs by providing a SCUC engine to support and implement the requirements via a computer system implementation.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus for optimizing security constrained dispatch and pricing for the wholesale energy trading market. The imbalance market uniquely requires a real-time market for bidding and for providing the energy generation adjustments required to satisfy the imbalance. The present invention address the above noted needs by providing a real-time imbalance engine to support and implement the equitable imbalance requirement via a computer system implementation. Additionally, the present invention allows the market generators and loads to provide electronic bids for resolution while considering constraints on the demand and supply system.

Abstract: Analog data is compressed by processing certain data from data storage and interpolating data between data points which fall within an acceptable error range. Data points are compressed by modifying or eliminating data depending upon the slope relationship of a stored data point to artificial data points, which are representative of the range of accepted deviations from the original data point.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for optimizing security constrained unit commitment in the day ahead wholesale electricity market using mixed integer linear programming techniques. The wholesale electricity market uniquely requires the submission of offers to supply energy and ancillary services at stated prices, as well as bids to purchase energy, and known operating and security constraints. The present invention address the above noted needs by providing a SCUC engine to support and implement the requirements via a computer system implementation.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for optimizing security constrained unit commitment in the day ahead wholesale electricity market using mixed integer linear programming techniques. The wholesale electricity market uniquely requires the submission of offers to supply energy and ancillary services at stated prices, as well as bids to purchase energy, and known operating and security constraints. The present invention address the above noted needs by providing a SCUC engine to support and implement the requirements via a computer system implementation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resolving energy imbalance in a real-time manner is disclosed. A plurality of market user interfaces are coupled to an imbalance engine which determines optimal dispatch requirements corresponding to supply and demand requirements of the market participants. The imbalance engine resolves in a real-time manner the dispatch requirements while considering the transmission limitations, ramping limitations, transmission facilities, and price data.

Abstract: A system for providing an automated, on-line forward market for the exchange and scheduling of electrical power and for the auctioning of fixed transmission rights (FTRs) on a power generation and distribution system. The system provides an on-line interface to multiple, remotely located market participants who can offer to buy or sell energy for next-day scheduling. Settlement of scheduled transactions can be done on a day-ahead as well as on a real-time basis. Scheduled transactions can also be modified on an hour-ahead basis. The market participants can also take part in a monthly auction of FTRs. The market system operates in conjunction with the control facilities of the power system. Both the day-ahead market and the FTR auction are carried out by the system as part of a process which ensures the secure and efficient operation of the power system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resolving energy imbalance in a real-time manner is disclosed. A plurality of market user interfaces are coupled to an imbalance engine which determines optimal dispatch requirements corresponding to supply and demand requirements of the market participants. The imbalance engine resolves in a real-time manner the dispatch requirements while considering the transmission limitations, ramping limitations, transmission facilities, and price data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resolving energy imbalance in a real-time manner is disclosed. A plurality of market user interfaces are coupled to an imbalance engine which determines optimal dispatch requirements corresponding to supply and demand requirements of the market participants. The imbalance engine resolves in a real-time manner the dispatch requirements while considering the transmission limitations, ramping limitations, transmission facilities, and price data.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments provide a method comprising: for an electrical power system comprising a plurality of committed electrical power generating units: for each of the committed electrical power generating units, obtaining an optimal power output temporal trajectory, the optimal power output temporal trajectory constrained by a ramping limit of the committed electrical power generating unit; obtaining an optimal power reserve temporal trajectory for each of the committed electrical power generating units; and assigning each of the optimal power output temporal trajectories to the respective electrical power generating units so that, over a predetermined consecutive set of time intervals, an integrated cost of system power output is minimized and a system reserve requirement is met.

Abstract: A system and method for determining minimum operation and startup for a generator are described herein. A method and system according to the invention may include assigning a binary value to one or more commitment status variables each associated with an increment of time. The method and system may also assign a binary value to a time-dependent startup status variable. The method and system may implement the following constraints. The startup status variable minus the current commitment variable plus the subsequent previous commitment status variable is greater than or equal to zero, the startup status variable plus the subsequent previous commitment status variable is less than or equal to one, and the startup status variable minus the current commitment status variable is less than or equal to zero.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for optimizing the performance of a power generation and distribution system by forecasting very short term load forecasts through the use of historical load data, demand patterns and short term load forecasts.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus for optimizing security constrained dispatch and pricing for the wholesale energy trading market. The imbalance market uniquely requires a real-time market for bidding and for providing the energy generation adjustments required to satisfy the imbalance. The present invention address the above noted needs by providing a real-time imbalance engine to support and implement the equitable imbalance requirement via a computer system implementation. Additionally, the present invention allows the market generators and loads to provide electronic bids for resolution while considering constraints on the demand and supply system.

Abstract: A method for determining a power flow in a distribution network includes the step of determining an admittance matrix for a circuit that includes a floating transformer in an electrical power distribution system. The admittance matrix includes an admittance of a fictitious shunt connected between a non-grounded winding of the floating transformer and ground. The method also includes the step of obtaining real time power measurements from a portion of the electrical power distribution system including the floating load transformer. The method further includes solving the power flow using the admittance matrix and the real time power measurements.