Abstract: The duct element intended to accommodate, on its internal wall (14), a sheathed electrical or optical cable (4) in order to protect it has its internal wall (14) and external wall (13) electrically connected in order thereby to make an element for checking the integrity of the sheath (6) of the cable (4); preferably, it is made of a conductive material.

Abstract: An electrical coupling part comprising a conductive coupling member, an inner conductive layer surrounding the coupling member, an insulating layer surrounding the conductive layer, and an elastic protective sleeve which comprises at least one cylindrical portion adjacent to an end of the insulating layer and a conical portion adjacent to the cylindrical portion, the protective sleeve further comprising, at an end remote from the cylindrical portion, an orifice of greater diameter than the cylindrical portion.

Abstract: The cable includes optical fibers (1) enclosed in an outer sheath (2) having elongate reinforcing members (4) embedded therein, disposed in two diametrically opposite groups (3) each comprising a plurality of mutually tangential reinforcing members (4).

Abstract: The telecommunications cable of the invention comprises optical fibers and stabilization fibers disposed in an envelope in such a manner as to ensure longitudinal coupling therewith, such that part of the force to which the cable is subjected is shared uniformly over the fibers.

Abstract: The system comprises a focusing optics in the focal plane of which a linear array of photodetectors is disposed. A double prism located opposite to said photodetectors with respect to said focusing optics, is servo controlled in rotation relative to a support about its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the axis of said optics, said support being itself servo controlled in rotation about said optical axis in order to scan a space of about 2 .pi. steradians. A derotating prism aligned with said optical axis rotates about said optical axis at a speed half of that of said double prism, in order to hold the image of the target in a single direction in said focal plane, whatever the rotations of said support.

Abstract: A first frame produced by a first terminal is compressed after suppressing certain of the data fields forming it, then transmitted via a safe link through a transmission network into a second frame. This second frame received by a second terminal via the safe link is unpacked-from the fields relating to this safe link, whereupon the remainder of the frame is decompressed. The data fields suppressed for transmission by the first terminal are restored, either by calculation (for example, in the case of a frame checking sequence), or by insertion of a given word (for example, for each flag between frames). This data compressing and decompressing method is carried out in a data circuit-terminating equipment for a synchronous terminal.

Abstract: An optical guidance device comprises an entry lens of which the optical axis merges with the axis of rotation of the missile, a filiform infrared detector, sensitive to the infrared radiation of a target, is placed in the focal plane of the lens. The detector is intersected at least twice by circles centered on the axis of rotation of the missile. A circuit elaborates deviation information from the output signals from the detector. Steering means are provided for correcting the path of the missile from the deviation information.

Abstract: A proximity detector device comprises a lens placed at the front of the missile, two circular infrared detectors of different radii centered on the optical axis of the lens and disposed in its focal plane. An electronic circuit is connected to the detectors for delivering a proximity signal when the time slot separating two pulses emitted by the two detectors is less than a predetermined threshold. The explosion of the missile is controlled by the proximity pulse.

Abstract: An adaptive threshold decision device for multistate modulation produces, at a symbol frequency, symbols dependent on the levels of a received demodulated baseband signal. It comprises a voltage divider, an adder for adding the baseband signal to a midpoint voltage which is substantially the mean of lower and upper voltages applied to the terminals of the voltage divider to produce a transposed signal, plural comparators for comparing the transposed signal with plural voltages at terminals of the voltage divider thereby producing comparison result signals, an encoder for deriving control words according to the comparison result signals, and control circuits for respectively and independently controlling at least the lower and upper voltages according to the control words.

Abstract: Coding and decoding of digital images by transformation of pixel blocks reduce the data bit rate. Transformation of blocks leads to discontinuities in brightness level for pixels bordering on block boundaries. These discontinuities are detected for each given bordering pixel by a change of sign of two level gradients respectively computed with the levels of two pixels adjacent to the bordering pixel. A brightness level of the bordering pixel is then corrected by a discontinuity correction factor evaluated from a discontinuity divergence equal to the absolute value of the difference between the brightness level of the bordering pixel and an arithmetical average of brightness levels of the two adjacent pixels, as a function of a quantization pitch associated with a block to which belongs the bordering pixel. The block is then corrected in its entirety to attenuate the differences of average brightness levels between two adjacent blocks generated by the coding and decoding.

Abstract: Infrared detection device carried by a missile falling to earth and rotating about its axis with a given inclination, said device being intended to trigger off firing of the missile when it detects a source of infrared emission of predetermined type, the device comprising at least one infrared detector sensitive to the infrared emission of said sources and an amplifier device connected to the output of the detector.

Abstract: The phase/frequency comparator comprises a known phase comparator for comparing the phases of an digital input signal with a clock signal of which the period varies to within one time interval with respect to the period of the input signal. Such a phase comparator produces a first error signal whose sign, and preferably magnitude, vary as a function of the difference between the phases. The phase/frequency comparator is intended to produce a second error signal which replaces the first error signal and whose sign, and preferably magnitude, vary as a function of the difference between the periods. According to a preferred embodiment, a phase shift assessing circuit detects a predetermined phase shift, e.g. substantially equal to 0, between the clock signal and the input signal during a clock period.

Abstract: Enclosure of reception of electronic components is embarked in a missile. The missile is first fixed to an aircraft carrier and to follow a carried flight, then after being fired, to follow a free flight. The enclosure is located inside of an exterior casing. Sectors sensitive to the acceleration are provided, on this side of a given acceleration, in order to form a thermal bridge between the enclosure and the casing and, beyond the given acceleration in free flight, to break that thermal bridge and to insulate the enclosure from the exterior. In free flight, the electronic components of the enclosure are no longer subject to a source of thermal energy.

Abstract: A device for reducing the jitter caused by pointer adjustments in a digital telecommunication network comprising of a circuit inserting in the vicinity of each phase step caused by a pointer adjustment, a plurality of smoothing phase steps in accordance with a deterministic smoothing pattern in order to eliminate, after having passed through a conventional desynchronizer, the quantifying effects of the phase steps. Provision also is made, for the case in which each phase step caused by a pointer adjustment comprises a plurality of bits, in that a control circuit is present to resolve the step into a plurality of elementary steps and to control the insertion of these steps in a manner matched to the rate of occurrence of pointer adjustments. In particular, the device applies to networks based on Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.

Abstract: A detection assembly is disclosed for an infrared monitoring system, comprising a strip of elementary infrared detectors for analyzing the background of a scene. The elementary detectors are image formation detectors having sensitive areas smaller than the optical spots produced by the hot objects to be detected. The assembly comprises circuitry adapted for grouping together the image formation detectors virtually into virtual monitoring detectors having sensitive areas adapted to said optical spot, the grouping together circuitry comprising circuitry for summation in elevation of p contiguous intermediate image formation detectors at the pitch of q detectors with overlapping of p-q intermediate detectors from one monitoring detector to the next and circuitry for summation in relative bearing of r image formation samples at the pitch of s samples with an overlap of r-s samples from one monitoring pixel to the next.

Abstract: The present invention relates to scanning devices, for example those used in image scanning, observation and watching systems or else those used for example in aerial reconnaissance. The invention consists essentially in causing the mirror M to rotate about an axis distinct from the perpendicular to the plane of the rotating beam. In particular, this axis of rotation is set to an angle with respect to the perpendicular to the plane of the rotating beam, this angle being itself a function of the angle of incidence of the light beam.

Abstract: A message transmission system is operative for transmitting, over a short range, information emitted by at least one transmitter to one or more receivers, the transmitter being situated in a semi-hemispherical field above the receivers. Each receiver has optics for focusing the semi-hemispherical field on multiple detector elements of an array placed in the focal plane of the optics. The elements are responsive to the transmitted signal.

Abstract: A wafer is provided for pre-processing the output currents of detection diodes subjected to thermal radiation, comprising an input stage for integrating the output currents of the diodes and an output stage delivering a signal related the incident radiation by a transfer function. It also comprises transistors for compressing the transfer function, the transistors conducting beyond a shunt threshold current less than a clipping threshold current and having a conduction resistance such as to shunt only a part of the integrated charges.

Abstract: A coherent optical detector has increased sensitivity for detecting a coherent optical signal by applying the coherent optical signal to be detected to a solid non linear medium pumped by two optical signals of opposite directions and coming from an auxiliary laser. The signal to be detected gives rise to an amplified signal applied with an auxiliary optical signal from the auxiliary laser, to a detector for causing these two optical signals to beat and detecting the beat and so the signal to be detected.

Abstract: A synchronizing device synchronizes a pseudo-binary signal particularly affected by high jitter with a regenerated clock signal into a synchronized signal. The device can be included between an output of a bipolar-to-binary converter receiving a plesiochronous bipolar signal and an input of a HDB/binary transcoder in a synchronizing circuit of a time-division multiplexer. The clock signal has a period Tj substantially lower than the nominal period of the pseudo-binary signal and offers phase jumps, particularly included between Tj/2 and Tj, for the clock signal to have a mean period equal to the nominal period.