Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a phase-lock-loop, which includes a phase detector (PD), a charge pump (CP), a sampled lowpass filter structure, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) structure. The PD is configured to receive a RF output signal from the VCO structure and a reference signal, and generate detection signals, which indicate a phase relationship between the RF output signal and the reference signal. The CP is configured to receive the detection signals and generate a CP current. Herein, the CP current flows into or out of the sampled lowpass filter structure based on the detection signals. The sampled lowpass filter is configured to provide an oscillator control voltage, which remains constant within a cycle of the reference signal, to the VCO structure based on the CP current. Based on the oscillator control voltage, the VCO structure is configured to tune the RF output signal.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for structure-assisted evolution of multivalent aptamers using a single stranded DNA or single-stranded RNA nanostructure as a structural support. Also provided herein are methods for constructing ssDNA or ssRNA nanostructures as structural supports suitable for structure-assisted evolution of multivalent aptamers.

Abstract: A hyper-precise positioning and communications (HPPC) system and network are provided. The HPPC system is a next-generation positioning technology that promises a low-cost, high-performance solution to the need for more sophisticated positioning technologies in increasingly cluttered environments. The HPPC system is a joint positioning-communications radio technology that simultaneously performs relative positioning and secure communications. Both of these tasks are performed with a single, co-use waveform, which efficiently utilizes limited resources and supports higher user densities. Aspects of this disclosure include an HPPC system for a network which includes an arbitrary number of network nodes (e.g., radio frequency (RF) devices communicating over a joint positions-communications waveform). As such, networking protocols and design of data link and physical layers are described herein.

Abstract: A curable green epoxy resin composition is described. More particularly, the curable green epoxy resin composition includes a biobinder isolated from bio-oil produced from animal waste, such as from swine manure. The biobinder can act as a curing agent for an epoxy resin component in the resin composition. Cured green epoxy resins, prepregs containing the curable green epoxy resin, and related composite materials are described. In addition, methods of preparing the curable green epoxy resin composition and of curing the curable green epoxy resin.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to kits for determining the length of a region of tandem repeats in a subject's genome. In some embodiments, the region of tandem repeats in telomeres.

Abstract: A technique to additively print onto a dissimilar material, especially ceramics and glasses (e.g., semiconductors, graphite, diamond, other metals) is disclosed herein. The technique enables manufacture of heat removal devices and other deposited structures, especially on heat sensitive substrates. It also enables novel composites through additive manufacturing. The process enables rapid bonding, orders-of-magnitude faster than conventional techniques.

Abstract: Described herein are mutant cyanobacterial cell populations that have a smaller mean cell length than wild type cyanobacterial cell populations of the same species.

Abstract: Multistage delivery vehicles are disclosed which include a first stage particle and a second stage particle. The first stage particle is a micro or nanoparticle that contains the second stage particle. The second stage particle includes an active agent, such as a therapeutic agent or an imaging agent. The multistage delivery vehicle allows sequential overcoming or bypassing of biological barriers. The multistage delivery vehicle is administered as a part of a composition that includes a plurality of the vehicles. Methods of making the multistage delivery vehicles are also provided.

Abstract: This invention concerns compositions and methods of treating or diagnosing inflammatory disorders and other disorders, as well as compositions and methods of treating HIV.

Abstract: The present invention relates in part to a lignin composition and a method of fabricating a lignin composition. The invention also relates in part to a method of using a lignin composition to adsorb onto a petrochemical oil comprising the steps of providing a solution of lignin in an alcohol, providing an oil on a liquid surface, contacting the oil with the solution of lignin in an alcohol, adsorbing the lignin to the oil, and removing the adsorbed oil from the surface of the liquid.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a computer-implemented system which learns textual representations while filtering out potentially personally identifying data and retaining semantic meaning within the textual representations are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A system associated with quantifying a density level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, based on prediction of reconstructed TIL information associated with tumoral tissue image data during pathology analysis of the tissue image data is disclosed. The system receives digitized diagnostic and stained whole-slide image data related to tissue of a particular type of tumoral data. Defined are regions of interest that represents a portion of, or a full image of the whole-slide image data. The image data is encoded into segmented data portions based on convolutional autoencoding of objects associated with the collection of image data. The density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is determined of bounded segmented data portions for respective classification of the regions of interest. A classification label is assigned to the regions of interest. It is determined whether an assigned classification label is above a pre-determined threshold probability value of lymphocyte infiltrated.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for treating diabetes and/or liver steatosis. For example, methods for using compositions containing a potato polysaccharide preparation to reduce one or more symptoms of diabetes or liver steatosis are provided. In some cases, a composition containing a potato polysaccharide preparation provided herein can be used to treat fatty liver disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a low cost, high sensitivity, high specificity and rapid diagnostic apparatus and method to detect nucleic acids in a sample at room temperature. As low as tens of copies of nucleic acids can be detected without any additional equipment.

Abstract: Disclosed are provided systems, methods, and apparatuses for implementing a multi-resolution neural network for use with imaging intensive applications including medical imaging. For example, a system having means to execute a neural network model formed from a plurality of layer blocks including an encoder layer block which precedes a plurality of decoder layer blocks includes: means for associating a resolution value with each of the plurality of layer blocks; means for processing via the encoder layer block a respective layer block input including a down-sampled layer block output processing, via decoder layer blocks, a respective layer block input including an up-sampled layer block output and a layer block output of a previous layer block associated with a prior resolution value of a layer block which precedes the respective decoder layer block; and generating the respective layer block output by summing or concatenating the processed layer block inputs.

Abstract: Compositions including metal nano- and/or micro-particles in solution with photosynthetic bioproduct producing microorganisms. These light harvesting complexes increase growth rates and photosynthetic efficiency of the constituent microorganisms, reducing the light required for a specific production level, or increases production for a specific light level.

Abstract: A portable device for removal of metabolic waste from the blood of patient having kidney disease or in need of hemodialysis is provided. Methods of hemodialysis employing the portable device beneficially obtain a dialysate by electrokinetic means from excess fluid in the peripheral blood of the patient in need thereof. The methods employ a branched microfluidic channel for the use of ion concentration polarization to separate charged from neutral species in blood to obtain the dialysate for undergoing hemodialysis. Beneficially the methods and device are resistant to biofouling, remove the need for a dialysate and/or dialysate reservoir, and provide a disposable, wearable device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and compositions are disclosed for a Li-substituted layered-tunneled O3/spinel Na(NixFeyMnz)O2 cathode material, Na0.87Li0.25Ni0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2+? (LS-NFM) for enhanced sodium ion storage and cycling stability. The LS-NFM electrode is prepared by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the Na ion over the sum of Li and transition metal ions below 1. The Rietveld refinement of XRD data indicates that the cathode is composed of 94% layered and 6% spinel components. When cycled at a high current density of 100 mA g?1, LS-NFM cathode exhibited a first-cycle Coulombic efficiency of 88% and reversible discharge capacity of 107 mAh g?1 after 50 cycles with the capacity retention of 95%.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and media for discriminating and generating translated images are provided. In some embodiments, the method comprises: identifying a set of training images, wherein each image is associated with at least one domain from a plurality of domains; training a generator network to generate: i) a first fake image that is associated with a first domain; and ii) a second fake image that is associated with a second domain; training a discriminator network, using as inputs to the discriminator network: i) an image from the set of training images; ii) the first fake image; and iii) the second fake image; and using the generator network to generate, for an image not included in the set of training images at least one of: i) a third fake image that is associated with the first domain; and ii) a fourth fake image that is associated with the second domain.

Abstract: This invention provides an attenuated virus which comprises a modified viral genome containing nucleotide substitutions engineered in multiple locations in the genome, wherein the substitutions introduce synonymous deoptimized codons into the genome. The instant attenuated virus may be used in a vaccine composition for inducing a protective immune response in a subject. The invention also provides a method of synthesizing the instant attenuated virus. Further, this invention further provides a method for preventing a subject from becoming afflicted with a virus-associated disease comprising administering to the subject a prophylactically effective dose of a vaccine composition comprising the instant attenuated virus.