Abstract: An initial change and a secular change in an optical characteristic and a high frequency characteristic in a case where an optical modulator is mounted in a package of an optical transmission apparatus are suppressed while improving a space utilization rate in the package of the optical transmission apparatus. An optical modulator that is electrically connected to an electric circuit configured on a circuit board, includes: a package that houses an optical modulation element; and a signal input part or the like for inputting an electric signal for causing the optical modulation element to perform an modulation operation from the electric circuit, in which the package has, on a part of a bottom surface facing the circuit board, a first protrusion portion protruding from the bottom surface, and the signal input part is provided on an upper surface of the first protrusion portion.

Abstract: An optical modulator that can effectively dissipate heat generated from the inside includes: an optical modulation element which includes an optical waveguide and a radio frequency electrode for controlling light waves propagating through the optical waveguide; a termination resistor electrically connected to the radio frequency electrode; a termination resistor board on which the termination resistor is disposed; and a package case, which houses the optical modulation element and the termination resistor board, in which a plurality of protrusion portions are formed on one external surface of the package case, and at least one of the protrusion portions is formed at a position on the external surface of the package case, which faces a position inside the package case where the termination resistor board is disposed with the package case in between.

Abstract: An anti-fouling coating film of the present invention includes a component (A): zirconium; a component (B): lanthanum; and a component (C): at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon, phosphorus, and boron, in which in a case where masses of the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C) are used by being converted into masses of oxides thereof, total mass of the component (A) and the component (B) with respect to a mass of the anti-fouling coating film is 90% or more and 95% or less, and in a case where X is defined by X=mass of component (B)/(total mass of component (A)+component (B))×100, X is 20% or more and 50% or less, and the mass of the component (C) to the mass of the anti-fouling coating film is 5% or more and [6+(X?20)/6]% or less.

Abstract: A composite sintered body including: a metal oxide as a main phase; silicon carbide as a sub-phase; and silicate of a metal element that is included in the metal oxide, in which the average aggregation diameter of the silicate in the field of view of 600 ?m2 at a magnification of 1000 times is 5 ?m or lower.

Abstract: Provided is a composite sintered body for an electrostatic chuck, which is not easily broken even if it is exposed to high-power plasma. Further, provided are an electrostatic chuck device using such a composite sintered body for an electrostatic chuck and a method of manufacturing a composite sintered body for an electrostatic chuck. The composite sintered body for an electrostatic chuck is a composite sintered body including an insulating ceramic and silicon carbide, in which crystal grains of the silicon carbide are dispersed in at least one selected from the group consisting of a crystal grain boundary and a crystal grain of a main phase formed by sintering crystal grains of the insulating ceramic.

Abstract: An optical waveguide device including a rib-type optical waveguide 2 formed of a material having an electro-optic effect, and a reinforcing substrate 1 that supports the rib-type optical waveguide, one end of the rib-type optical waveguide 2 has a tapered portion 20, structures 4 are provided that are disposed apart from the tapered portion so as to sandwich the tapered portion and are disposed on the reinforcing substrate 1, an upper substrate is disposed above the tapered portion and the structures, and an adhesive layer is disposed in a space sandwiched between the upper substrate and the structures.

Abstract: Provided is a method for surface-modifying inorganic particles having a mixing step of mixing at least a surface-modifying material and the inorganic particles to obtain a liquid mixture and a dispersion step of dispersing the inorganic particles in the liquid mixture, in which a content of the inorganic particles in the liquid mixture is 10% by mass or more and 49% by mass or less, and a total content of the surface-modifying material and the inorganic particles in the liquid mixture is 65% by mass or more and 98% by mass or less.

Abstract: Provided is an optical modulator that can be driven at lower voltage through the use of differential signal output. An optical modulator includes a substrate 1 and optical waveguides (21, 22) and a control electrode that are formed on the substrate, in which the optical waveguide includes Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguide, the control electrode is provided with two ground electrodes sandwiching three signal electrodes; the three signal electrodes are constituted by second and third signal electrodes that sandwich a first signal electrode, and have a wiring structure in which one modulation signal of the differential signal is applied to the first signal electrode, and the other modulation signal of the differential signal is applied to the second and third signal electrodes; and one branched waveguide (21) out of two Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguides is disposed between the first and second signal electrodes, and the other branched waveguide (22) is disposed between the first and third signal electrodes.

Abstract: In a zinc oxide powder of the present invention, a content of a water-soluble substance is 0.30% by mass or less, and a mass ratio between an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal which are included in the water-soluble substance is in a range of 1:2 to 10:1.

Abstract: Provided is a dispersion liquid for sealing a light-emitting element containing metal oxide particles having a refractive index of 1.7 or higher and a surface-modifying material at least partially attached to the metal oxide particles, in which a particle diameter D50 of the metal oxide particles when a cumulative percentage of a scattering intensity distribution obtained by a dynamic light scattering method is 50% is 30 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and a value D50/D90 obtained by dividing the particle diameter D50 of the metal oxide particles when the cumulative percentage of the scattering intensity distribution is 50% by a particle diameter D90 of the metal oxide particles when the cumulative percentage of the scattering intensity distribution is 90% is 0.20 or more.

Abstract: A dispersion liquid according to the present invention is a dispersion liquid containing metal oxide particles which have been surface-modified with a silane compound and a silicone compound, in which, when the dispersion liquid is dried by vacuum drying to separate the metal oxide particles, and a transmission spectrum of the separated metal oxide particles is measured in a wavenumber range from 800 cm?1 to 3800 cm?1 with a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, Formula (1) below: IA/IB?3.5 is satisfied (in the formula, “IA” represents a spectrum value at 3500 cm?1 and “IB” represents a spectrum value at 1100 cm?1).

Abstract: Provided is an optical waveguide element that prevents damage to a substrate and improves productivity. In an optical waveguide element in which an optical waveguide (24, 23) is formed on a substrate 1, a groove portion 3 is formed in at least a part of the substrate along an outer periphery 10 of the substrate 1.

Abstract: A zinc oxide powder in which a BET specific surface area of the powder is 8 m2/g or more and 65 m2/g or less, an apparent specific volume measured by a loose packing method of the powder is 1.0 mL/g or more and 7.5 mL/g or less, and a value indicated by (the apparent specific volume measured by the loose packing method/an apparent specific volume measured by a tapping method), which is obtained by dividing the apparent specific volume (mL/g) measured by the loose packing method by the apparent specific volume (mL/g) measured by the tapping method of the powder, is 1.50 or more and 2.50 or less.

Abstract: A zinc oxide powder in which a BET specific surface area (X) of the powder is 1.5 m2/g or more and 65 m2/g or less, a value obtained by a formula: an apparent specific volume (mL/g) measured by a loose packing method of the zinc oxide powder/an apparent specific volume (mL/g) measured by a tapping method of the zinc oxide powder is 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less, and Formula (1) and Formula (2) shown below are satisfied. A1/E2=aX+0.06??(1) (M2?M1)/E2?0.

Abstract: To provide an optical element in which an electrode is directly formed on an LN substrate, and a drift phenomenon is suppressed. In an optical element including: a substrate made of lithium niobate crystals; and an electrode disposed on the substrate, the substrate and the electrode are in direct contact with each other, and as a contact metal disposed on a surface of the electrode where the electrode is in contact with the substrate, a metal material whose standard enthalpy of formation per coordinate bond upon oxidation is greater than a standard enthalpy of formation per coordinate bond of niobium pentoxide is used.

Abstract: An electrostatic chuck device includes: an electrostatic chuck part having, as a main surface, a mounting surface on which a plate-shaped sample is mounted, an electrostatic attraction electrode; a base part configured to cool the electrostatic chuck part; a heater disposed in a layered manner between the electrostatic chuck part and the base part; and an adhesion layer which bonds and integrates the electrostatic chuck part and the base part together, in which the electrostatic chuck part is provided with a first through-hole, the base part is provided with a second through-hole communicating with the first through-hole, the adhesion layer is provided with a third through-hole communicating with the first through-hole and the second through-hole, a tubular insulator is fixed in the second through-hole, and an end of the insulator located on the electrostatic chuck part side is separated from the electrostatic chuck part with a space interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A ceramic composite sintered body, including: a metal oxide as a main phase, and silicon carbide as a sub-phase, in which crystal grains of the silicon carbide are dispersed in crystal grains of the metal oxide and at crystal grain boundaries of the metal oxide, and an average crystal grain size of the silicon carbide dispersed at the crystal grain boundaries of the metal oxide is 0.30 ?m or less.

Abstract: A zinc oxide powder in which a BET specific surface area (X) of the powder is 1.5 m2/g or more and 65 m2/g or less, a value obtained by a formula: an apparent specific volume (mL/g) measured by a loose packing method of the zinc oxide powder/an apparent specific volume (mL/g) measured by a tapping method of the zinc oxide powder is 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less, and Formula (1) and Formula (2) shown below are satisfied. A1/E2=aX+0.06??(1) (M2?M1)/E2?0.

Abstract: An optical waveguide element is provided to effectively reduce an optical absorption loss of waveguide light which may occur at an intersecting part between an optical waveguide and an electrode without causing deterioration in optical characteristics and degradation of long-term reliability of the optical waveguide element. The optical waveguide element includes an optical waveguide formed in a substrate, and an electrode controlling optical waves propagated in the optical waveguide and having an intersecting part intersecting the optical waveguide thereabove. A portion of a resin layer is provided between the optical waveguide and the electrode in a portion of the substrate including the intersecting part. A corner of the resin layer on a side of the electrode is constituted to be a curve in a cross section in an extending direction of the electrode.

Abstract: An optical functional device includes a package case accommodating an optical functional element, an input optical fiber, and an output optical fiber. The optical functional device includes a first reflecting surface that reflects input light output from the input optical fiber to an optical path of output light, a second reflecting surface that reflects the input light to the optical functional element, and a third reflecting surface that reflects the output light in a direction in which the output light becomes further away from an optical axis of the input optical fiber. An optical axis of a leaked light beam transmitted through the second reflecting surface after being reflected by the first reflecting surface or an extension line of the optical axis in an optical propagation medium does not include a portion that is aligned with an optical axis of the output light reflected by the third reflecting surface.