Patents Assigned to The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
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Patent number: 4574039Abstract: A semiconductor photoelectrode resistant to photocorrosion and a method of preparing such a photoelectrode are disclosed. The photoelectrode includes a doped oxide layer on which illumination falls for photo-stimulation. The oxide layer is doped with metallic ions, such as tantalum ions, to suppress photocorrosion. In one oxide doping method, tantalum pentachloride vapor generated by sublimation is directed against a silicon dioxide layer on a heated photoelectrode.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1984Date of Patent: March 4, 1986Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Stephen C. Pyke, Mark R. Bruce
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Patent number: 4571290Abstract: A process for the selective oxidation of olefins comprises the steps of forming a suspension of semiconductor powder in a solvent media, adding an olefin to the solvent media in the presence of an oxidant to form a mixture and, photochemically activating the mixture with illumination having an energy at least equal to the band gap of the semiconductor powder wherein the selectivity is controlled by the selection of A, of the solvent and of the oxidant. The process is one carried out at about ambient temperature and with gentle agitation. The semiconductor powder has the general formula A.sub.x B.sub.y C.sub.z where A is selected from Bi, Sn, Pt, Pd, Cu, Fe, W, V, Sb, Mo, Ru or Ag and mixtures thereof; B is Te, Sb, Ti, Cd, Mo, V or W and mixtures thereof; C is O or S; x equals 0 to 5; y equals 1 to 3; and z is a number necessary to satisfy the other elements, and is optionally metallized by an element selected from Pt, Pd, Cu or Ag.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1984Date of Patent: February 18, 1986Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Michael D. Ward, James F. Brazdil, Jr., Robert K. Grasselli
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Patent number: 4565799Abstract: Novel catalyst for the photochemical conversion and storage of radiant energy through the conversion of strained cyclic non-conjugated carbon containing compounds to their corresponding conjugated forms comprises ionically bonding a transition metal complex having a square planar geometry and multiple sites of coordination with an anion-exchange resin. A method is provided for the preparation of the novel catalyst and comprises forming an acid salt derivative of the transition metal complex and mixing it together with an anion-exchange resin. A process wherein the novel catalyst is added to a strained cyclic non-conjugated carbon containing compound resulting in the release of heat energy through the conversion of the non-conjugated carbon containing compound to its conjugated form. A process and sealed container means wherein the non-conjugated carbon containing compound and the catalyst are in compartments and are separated until heat energy is required.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1984Date of Patent: January 21, 1986Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Paul J. Giordano, Jr., Richard C. Smierciak
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Patent number: 4564511Abstract: A method for preparing a molecular sieving metallosilicate is disclosed which comprises(A) providing a mixture comprising: water; an oxide of silicon source; a mineralizing agent and/or synthesis directing agent; and a heteropolymetallate of the formulaA.sub.a L.sub.l M.sub.m J.sub.z O.sub.y .dH.sub.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1984Date of Patent: January 14, 1986Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Michael J. Desmond, Frederick A. Pesa
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Patent number: 4560454Abstract: A process for the generation of halogens from halide-containing solutions includes the step of conducting electrolysis of the solutions in an electrolytic cell having a platinum based amorphous metal alloy anode having the formulaPt.sub.p A.sub.a D.sub.dwhereA is Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Os, Cu, Ni, Ag, V, Au and mixtures thereof;D is B, Si, Al, Ge, P, As, Sb, Sn and mixtures thereof;p ranges from about 40 to 92;a ranges from about 0 to 40; andd ranges from about 8 to 60, with the proviso that p+a+d=100.Such amorphous metal alloy anodes are also based on the formulaPt.sub.p E.sub.e F.sub.fwhereE is Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Os, Ir, Cu, Ni, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ti, Ru, Nb, V, Ta, Au and mixtures thereof;F is B, Al, Ge, As, Sb, Sn and mixtures thereof;p ranges from about 40 to 92;e ranges from about 0 to 40; andf ranges from about 8 to 60, with the proviso that p+e+f=100.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1985Date of Patent: December 24, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Jonathan H. Harris, Michael A. Tenhover, Robert K. Grasselli, Michael D. Ward
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Patent number: 4551442Abstract: Catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, palladium or platinum and alkali metals are provided which are useful in the subject process for the upgrading of synthesis gas, particularly for obtaining alkanes and alcohols having at least two carbon atoms, in addition to methane and methanol. Also provided is a temperature gradient reactor useful in synthesis gas upgrading reactions for increasing selectivity to higher carbon number products.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1984Date of Patent: November 5, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Frederick A. Pesa, Anne M. Graham
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Patent number: 4548681Abstract: Thin films of Hg.sub.1-x Cd.sub.x Te with controlled x greater than 0.5 are cathodically deposited on a thin CdS film over a conductive film of ITO deposited on a glass substrate. Depositing a conductive film on the electrodeposited Hg.sub.1-x Cd.sub.x Te treated to provide a Te-rich surface for a good ohmic contact forms an improved solar cell.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 1984Date of Patent: October 22, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Bulent M. Basol, Eric S. Tseng, Dennis S. Lo
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Patent number: 4537625Abstract: Amorphous metal alloy powders may be synthesized by solid state reactions. Precursor components that include the elements of the amorphous alloy are chemically reduced to yield an intimate mixture. The resultant intimate mixture, as obtained or after heat-treating, exhibits amorphous characteristics. These powders are suitable for forming solid amorphous shapes.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1984Date of Patent: August 27, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Michael A. Tenhover, Richard S. Henderson, Joseph R. Fox
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Patent number: 4537624Abstract: Amorphous metal alloy powders are synthesized by solid state decomposition reactions. At least one precursor compound is thermally decomposed at a temperature below the crystallization temperature of the amorphous metal alloy to be formed. The decomposition product comprises an intimate mixture of the elements of the alloy and, after heat-treating if necessary, exhibits amorphous characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1984Date of Patent: August 27, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Michael A. Tenhover, Richard S. Henderson, Robert K. Grasselli
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Patent number: 4536640Abstract: An apparatus for deposition of coatings upon substrates generates a non-local thermal equilibrium arc plasma at the relatively high pressure of at least approximately 1 atmosphere. A closed chamber (25) is defined by a cylindrical anode (11) and annular housings (21, 22) carrying transparent end plates (23, 24). A pencil-shaped cathode (12) is passed through one end plate (23 or 24) coaxially into chamber (25) so that its tapered end (20) is spatially proximate to an exit orifice (44) centrally located in anode (11). Gas ports (30, 31) permit the introduction of a preselected gaseous environment at the desired pressure into chamber (25). A low-current arc is struck between anode (11) and cathode (12) establishing the desired plasma. Two coils (33, 34) are coaxially placed radially outward of both ends of the chamber in a Helmholtz coil configuration to generate a uniform magnetic field in chamber (25) and induce rotation of the arc plasma.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1981Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventor: Vladimir Vukanovic
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Patent number: 4536597Abstract: A process for the selective hydrocarboxylation of propylene to produce predominantly isobutyric acid in the liquid phase is provided. The reaction of propylene, carbon monoxide and water wherein a water to propylene ratio is maintained of from about 0.01 to a value less than 1.0 is effected at a temperature of about 75.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and at a pressure of about 250 psi to about 5000 psi in the presence of a carboxylic acid solvent and a catalyst comprising a coordinating palladium compound, an organo-arsine and a hydrogen halide.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1979Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Frederick A. Pesa, Thomas A. Haase
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Patent number: 4536109Abstract: A drill chuck usable in a drilling device capable of rotary or rotary-percussion drilling, includes radially adjustable clamping jaws with the clamping surfaces of the jaws directed inwardly towards the central axis of the chuck. Each clamping jaw has at least one projection extending radially inwardly from the clamping surface for engagement in correspondingly shaped recesses in the shank of a drilling tool insertable into the chuck. The clamping surfaces form guide surfaces for the drilling tool so that the drilling tool is adequately guided over large surfaces extending in the axial and circumferential directions in the chuck.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 1984Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Josef Hunger, Anton Neumaier
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Patent number: 4536584Abstract: A process is provided for the thermochemical conversion of biomass to useful gaseous and liquid organic products. The inventive process utilizes a catalyst to obtain increased yields of gaseous and liquid organic products and decreased yields, if any, of solid and semisolid tar/oils.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1983Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Abolghassem Eskamani, Warren H. Krause
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Patent number: 4528398Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of phosphomolybdic acid based catalysts utilized in the oxidation of aldehydes to unsaturated carboxylic acids by forming a solution of hydrated phosphomolybdic acid in a substantially anhydrous alkanol, adding a base to the solution, evaporating the solution to yield a catalyst powder and thereafter drying and calcining the powder to form the active catalyst. A second method for preparation is also provided and includes the steps of forming a solution of hydrated phosphomolybdic acid in a substantially anhydrous alkanol, evaporating the solution to form a concentrate, impregnating a catalyst support material with the concentrate, contacting the impregnated support with ammonia gas in an amount sufficient to form an insoluble precipitate of ammonium alkyl phosphomolybdic acid within the pore structure of said support material and thereafter drying and calcining said impregnated support material so as to form a coated catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1982Date of Patent: July 9, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: James L. Callahan, Wilfrid G. Shaw, Arthur F. Miller
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Patent number: 4505947Abstract: A method is provided for the deposition of coatings upon substrates utilizing a high pressure, non-local thermal equilibrium arc plasma including the steps of generating a non-LTE arc plasma at a pressure greater than about 0.1 atmospheres, introducing a coating material into the arc plasma, positioning a substrate material proximate to the arc plasma whereby activated species of said coating material formed by the arc plasma contact the substrate to form a coating.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1982Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Vladimir Vukanovic, Susannah M. Butler, George Fazekas, John R. Miller
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Patent number: 4489048Abstract: Hydrogen and carbonyl sulfide are produced by a process comprising contracting gaseous hydrogen sulfide with gaseous carbon monoxide in the presence of a heteropolymolybdate or tungstate complex. Use of these catalysts reduce the amount of by-product carbon dioxide and methane formation and thus enhance the make of hydrogen and carbonyl sulfide.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1982Date of Patent: December 18, 1984Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventor: Philip L. Kuch
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Patent number: 4358366Abstract: Yields of liquid product produced by coking a feed material comprising a mixture of a shale oil material, a petroleum residuum and a hydrocracking catalyst, are enhanced by feeding hydrogen to the reaction system during the coking operation.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1979Date of Patent: November 9, 1982Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Harvey E. Alford, Robert A. Rightmire
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Patent number: 4315864Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. A vanadium compound is introduced into an olefinic oxygenated organic liquid medium, a phosphorus-containing compound is added to the medium, reduction of at least a portion of the vanadium to a +4 valence state is effected either prior to or subsequent to the addition of the phosphorus-containing compound, and the resulting vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalyst precursor is recovered, dried and calcined.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1980Date of Patent: February 16, 1982Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Noel J. Bremer, Dennis E. Dria
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Patent number: 4285792Abstract: A self-cleaning apparatus (10) for the monitoring of pH in an effluent process stream (17) includes a sump pump (16) for sampling the effluent process stream (17), a housing (12) for supporting a pH electrode (13), and a cleansing assembly (15) for automatically cleansing the pH electrode (13) entirely powered by the impingement of the fluid process stream (17) upon the cleansing assembly (15). The housing (12) includes an electrode chamber (14) into which the pH electrode (13) extends. The electrode chamber (14) receives the effluent process stream (17) sample from the sump pump (16) and is also automatically, continuously cleansed by the cleansing assembly (15).Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 1980Date of Patent: August 25, 1981Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventor: Edward L. McGandy
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Patent number: 4281981Abstract: A die assembly of the present invention for extrudable materials includes a first member providing an external wall of a continuous cavity for passage of the extrudable material, a second member providing the internal wall of the cavity, a bushing for directing the flow of extrudable material within the cavity in one axial direction, a distributor interposed within the cavity, providing a restricted space therein for passage of the extrudable material, and a channel formed between the bushing and distributor through which the extrudable material flows axially and peripherally. The die assembly of the present invention can be modified for the coextrusion of two or more layers.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1980Date of Patent: August 4, 1981Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventor: Daniel W. Feldman