Abstract: A medical device for retrieval of kidney stone fragments from a urinary tract is provided. The medical device has a plurality of magnets arranged within a flexible sheath forming a flexible wire. The magnets are magnetically attached end-to-end and arranged with their magnetic polarities alternating in direction. The magnetization direction of each of the magnets is orthogonal to the length axis of the flexible wire. A removable inner stylet is situated within the flexible sheath allowing for modifiable flexibility of the wire. The medical device is dimensioned to be introduced into the urinary tract and standard endoscopic devices. The medical device is further dimensioned to allow for the wire with magnetically attached stone fragments to be retrieved from the urinary tract. The magnetic field along the length axis is sufficient to attract to the surface of the flexible wire superparamagnetic nanoparticles which have bound themselves to kidney stone fragments.

Abstract: Provided are chimeric Protein C-Factor VII proteins comprising a Gla domain from Protein C (PC), an EGF-1 domain from PC, an EGF-2 domain from Factor VII (FVII), and a protease domain from FVII.

Abstract: Over 2 million cystoscopies are performed annually in the United States and Europe for detection and surveillance of bladder cancer. Adequate identification of suspicious lesions is critical to minimizing recurrence and progression rates, however standard cystoscopy misses up to 20% of bladder cancer. Access to adjunct imaging technology may be limited by cost and availability of experienced personnel. Machine learning holds the potential to enhance medical decision-making in cancer detection and imaging. Various embodiments described herein are directed to methods for identifying cancers, tumors, and/or other abnormalities present in a person's bladder. Additional embodiments are directed to machine learning systems to identify cancers, tumors, and/or other abnormalities present in a person's bladder, while additional embodiments will also identify benign or native structures or features in a person's bladder.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for sensory electrical stimulation of the peripheral nervous system to improve human motor function and performance are described. Methods and devices may be used to enhance physical performance of athletes, professionals, and gamers or improve motor function (hand, finger and limb movement) in patients rehabilitating from neurological deficits and impairments caused by stroke, traumatic brain injury and other neurologic or non-neurologic conditions. These apparatuses and methods may be used for physical training and mental training (to improve memory and functional performance including motor coordination, limb-eye coordination, occupational and recreational skills) through periodic or sustained sensory electrical stimulation. Treatment plans may be based on biomarkers and may be used alone or in combination with other apparatuses.

Abstract: The present invention provides new compositions and methods for treating prostate cancer, e.g., drug-resistant prostate cancer, such as anti-androgen drug (e.g., enzalutamide) resistant and/or castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). These new compositions include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical compositions that include an AR-V7 inhibitor, such as niclosamide. Alternatively, these new compositions can include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical compositions that include an AKR1C3 inhibitor, such as indomethacin. These new methods include, but are not limited to, methods of administering an AR-V7 inhibitor, such as niclosamide, and/or an AKR1C3 inhibitor, such as indomethacin, to treat patients having prostate cancer. The present invention also provides methods of inhibiting androgen receptor variant expression, e.g. AR-V7, and methods of killing cells expressing AR-V7.

Abstract: The methods and compositions described herein relate to the measurement of factor VIII (fVIII) levels and/or activity.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for diagnosis or treatment of epilepsy disease with EFHC1, EFHC1 agonists, or EFHC1 analogs are provided. Compositions and methods for diagnosis or treatment of epilepsy disease with EFHC1a, EFHC1a agonists, or EFHC1a analogs are provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for labeling the proteomes of cells, as well as methods for labeling proteins or populations of proteins produced by cells. In some embodiments, the methods comprise introducing variant aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and noncanonical amino acids into cells. Also provided herein are polynucleotides encoding variant aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that recognize noncanonical amino acids. The methods and compositions provided herein are useful for, among other things, identifying target cells and identifying biomarkers of interest.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions, methods, and kits comprising one or more compounds of Formula I, such as XY018, alone or in combination with one or more anticancer drugs, such as an anti-androgen drug, that are useful for treating cancer, e.g., prostate cancer, such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and numerous other types of cancer including lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, lymphoma, and glioma.

Abstract: Processes to identify a subset of trait-related genes and classify individuals are described. Generally, systems generate classification models which are used to identify the subset of trait-related genes and classify individuals. The classification models are also used in various applications, including developing research tools, performing diagnostics, and treating individuals.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for screening candidate compositions for activity with respect to treatment of aging-associated conditions, e.g., cognitive impairment conditions or age-related dementia. Aspects of the methods include administering a human blood product comprising plasma, to an immunocompromised animal, e.g., a mouse or a rat, and measuring the effect of the product on an endpoint, e.g., neurogenesis, locomotor activity, anxiety, spatial memory, and hippocampus-dependent memory.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for preventing, attenuating neuronal damage or stimulating neuronal repair prior or following central nervous system injury.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treating a subject for aging-associated conditions, e.g., cognitive impairment conditions. Aspects of the methods include administering a young plasma-comprising blood product to an individual in need thereof, e.g., an individual suffering from or at risk of developing the aging-associated condition, e.g., aging-associated cognitive impairment. Also provided are compositions and kits thereof that find use in practicing methods of the invention.

Abstract: Methods of treating an adult mammal for an aging-associated condition are provided. Aspects of the methods include enhancing a TIMP activity, e.g., a TIMP2 activity, in the mammal in a manner sufficient to treat the adult mammal for the aging-associated condition. Also provided are compositions for use in practicing methods of the invention. A variety of aging-associated conditions may be treated by practice of the methods, which conditions include cognitive impairments.

Abstract: The present invention provides new compositions and methods for treating prostate cancer, e.g., drug-resistant prostate cancer, such as anti-androgen drug (e.g., enzalutamide) resistant and/or castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). These new compositions include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical compositions that include an AR-V7 inhibitor, such as niclosamide. Alternatively, these new compositions can include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical compositions that include an AKR1C3 inhibitor, such as indomethacin. These new methods include, but are not limited to, methods of administering an AR-V7 inhibitor, such as niclosamide, and/or an AKR1C3 inhibitor, such as indomethacin, to treat patients having prostate cancer. The present invention also provides methods of inhibiting androgen receptor variant expression, e.g. AR-V7, and methods of killing cells expressing AR-V7.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided herein for the prevention and treatment of cancer, including prostate cancer, breast cancer, and androgen-independent cancer. In one aspect, the present invention provides a composition comprising a niclosamide analog and an antiandrogen drug. In some embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein inhibit a mutant or splice variant androgen receptor. In particular embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein reduce the androgen independence of a cancer. Kits are also provided herein.

Abstract: Methods of treating an adult mammal for an aging-associated impairment are provided. Aspects of the methods include reducing the 2-microglobulin (B2M) level in the mammal in a manner sufficient to treat the mammal for the aging-associated impairment. A variety of aging-associated impairments may be treated by practice of the methods, which impairments include cognitive impairments.

Abstract: The methods and compositions described herein relate to the measurement of factor VIII (fVIII) levels and/or activity.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for diagnosis or treatment of epilepsy disease with EFHC1, EFHC1 agonists, or EFHC1 analogs are provided. Compositions and methods for diagnosis or treatment of epilepsy disease with EFHC1a, EFHC1a agonists, or EFHC1a analogs are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing cancer screening assays are disclosed. The disclosed systems and methods use a thin film comprising cross-linked polysiloxane. At least a portion of a biological sample to be assayed is contacted with the thin film, along with a cell culture media. After a subsequent incubation period, the thin film is visualized to detect a wrinkle pattern (or lack thereof). The presence of one or more wrinkles and/or a higher degree of wrinkling in the thin film indicates the presence of cancer cells in the biological sample. The disclosed systems and methods can be incorporated into improved assays and kits for cancer screening.