Abstract: A degree of polarization of second reference samples produced by adding an antibody, a tracer, and a target substance having mutually different concentrations to a first reference sample not including the target substance is corrected with a degree of polarization of the first reference sample to generate a first calibration curve. A degree of polarization of a second sample to be measured produced by adding the antibody and the tracer to a first sample to be measured in amounts equal to those added to the second reference samples is corrected with a degree of polarization of the first sample to be measured to obtain the concentration of the target substance in the first calibration curve.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes a plurality of pixel electrodes; a plurality of switching elements that connect to each of the plurality of pixel electrodes; a plurality of pixel lines that connect to each of the plurality of switching elements; a plurality of connection lines that connect to each of the plurality of pixel lines; and a plurality of terminals that connect to each of the plurality of connection lines. An arrangement direction of the pixel lines and an arrangement direction of the terminals differ.

Abstract: Thermoelectric conversion cells of a thermoelectric conversion element include a thermoelectric conversion layer formed on a main surface of a substrate, an insulating layer covering the thermoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode including a first layer and a second layer, and a second electrode. The first layer connects to the main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a first contact hole, and the second layer covers the first layer. The second electrode connects to the main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a second contact hole. The second layer and the second electrode, and the first layer are formed from materials having different work functions. In thermoelectric conversion cells that are adjacent to each other, the second layer of one of the thermoelectric conversion cells and the second electrode of the other of the thermoelectric conversion cells are formed integrally, and the thermoelectric conversion cells are connected in series.

Abstract: A substance separating device includes a reaction vessel provided with an interior that is partitioned into a first chamber and a second chamber by a dialysis membrane, a solution being stored in the reaction vessel. A specimen is stored in the first chamber, and dye-modified molecule that has a binding ability for specifically binding to a substance to be measured having a molecular weight greater than a molecular weight cut-off the dialysis membrane is stored in at least one of the first chamber and the second chamber. The dye-modified molecule has a molecular weight that is less than the molecular weight cut-off of the dialysis membrane.

Abstract: A light beam direction control element includes light transmission regions interposed between a first light transmission substrate and a second light transmission substrate, light absorption regions located between the light transmission regions, a light transmission dispersion medium enclosed in the light absorption regions, and electrophoretic particles dispersed in the light transmission dispersion medium. The light transmission regions include a first light transmission region extending from the first light transmission substrate toward the second light transmission substrate, and a second light transmission region extending from the first light transmission region toward the second light transmission substrate. A height of the first light transmission region is lower than a height of the second light transmission region and a width of the first light transmission region is wider than a width of the second light transmission region.

Abstract: Ion sensing device includes a field-effect transistor including a bottom gate and a top gate, a reference electrode, and a driver circuit configured to measure concentration of ions in a sample solution into which the reference electrode and the top gate are immersed. The driver circuit includes a constant current source configured to supply a drain of the field-effect transistor with a constant current, and a voltage follower configured to receive a potential of the drain. The driver circuit is configured to supply the reference electrode with a constant reference potential, apply a constant voltage across an output of the voltage follower and the bottom gate, and output an output potential of the voltage follower.

Abstract: Thermoelectric conversion cells of a thermoelectric conversion element include a thermoelectric conversion layer formed on a main surface of a substrate, an insulating layer covering the thermoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode including a first layer and a second layer, and a second electrode. The first layer connects to the main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a first contact hole, and the second layer covers the first layer. The second electrode connects to the main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a second contact hole. The second layer and the second electrode, and the first layer are formed from materials having different work functions. In thermoelectric conversion cells that are adjacent to each other, the second layer of one of the thermoelectric conversion cells and the second electrode of the other of the thermoelectric conversion cells are formed integrally, and the thermoelectric conversion cells are connected in series.

Abstract: Ion sensing device includes a field-effect transistor including a bottom gate and a top gate, a reference electrode, and a driver circuit configured to measure concentration of ions in a sample solution into which the reference electrode and the top gate are immersed. The driver circuit includes a constant current source configured to supply a drain of the field-effect transistor with a constant current, and a voltage follower configured to receive a potential of the drain. The driver circuit is configured to supply the reference electrode with a constant reference potential, apply a constant voltage across an output of the voltage follower and the bottom gate, and output an output potential of the voltage follower.

Abstract: A concentration estimation kit includes a derivatization reagent that derivatizes at least a portion of an antigen included in a mixed specimen, and that is for obtaining a plurality of samples having different derivatization rates, the derivatization rate being a ratio of a derivatized antigen relative to the antigen included in the specimen; an antibody that binds to the antigen; and the antigen modified with a dye.

Abstract: A light beam direction control element includes a light beam direction controller and a controller. The light beam direction controller includes light transmitting regions sandwiched between a first light transmissive substrate and a second light transmissive substrate, light absorbing regions located between light transmitting regions, a light transmissive dispersion medium sealingly contained in the light absorbing regions, and electrophoretic particles dispersed in the light transmissive dispersion medium.

Abstract: A light ray direction control element includes a base, a plurality of light transmitting layers arranged on a main surface of the base, a light absorbing layer disposed among the plurality of light transmitting layers, and a tilt prevention layer provided on the main surface of the base and disposed on an outer periphery of a region in which the plurality of light transmitting layers is disposed.

Abstract: A light beam direction control element includes light transmission regions interposed between a first light transmission substrate and a second light transmission substrate, light absorption regions located between the light transmission regions, a light transmission dispersion medium enclosed in the light absorption regions, and electrophoretic particles dispersed in the light transmission dispersion medium. The light transmission regions include a first light transmission region extending from the first light transmission substrate toward the second light transmission substrate, and a second light transmission region extending from the first light transmission region toward the second light transmission substrate. A height of the first light transmission region is lower than a height of the second light transmission region and a width of the first light transmission region is wider than a width of the second light transmission region.

Abstract: A control system is configured to acquire an image captured by an imaging device, and display a stereoscopic image on a display apparatus based on a position of an observer detected in a predetermined tracking area in the acquired image. The tracking area is a part of an area in which an observer is trackable and the tracking area includes a stereoscopic viewing zone in which a stereo image can be recognized from the stereoscopic image. The control system is further configured to display a stereoscopic image for a predetermined time based on a position at which the observer is detected last after the detected observer has become untrackable in the tracking area, and display a stereoscopic image suitable for a predetermined position in the stereoscopic viewing zone in a case where no observer is detected in the tracking area over the predetermined time.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel circuit on a substrate, a data line to transmit a data signal for the pixel circuit on the substrate, a power supply line, and an extra voltage supply line different from the power supply line and the data line. The pixel circuit includes a driving transistor to control an amount of electric current supplied to a light-emitting element, a storage capacitor between a gate terminal of the driving transistor and the power supply line, a first switching transistor between the light-emitting element and the driving transistor, a second switching transistor between a source terminal of the driving transistor and the data line, and a third switching transistor between the source terminal of the driving transistor and the extra voltage supply line. The third switching transistor supplies a signal voltage different from the data signal to the driving transistor from the extra voltage supply line.

Abstract: A sensor system includes a sensing element, an illumination optical system including a light source, the illumination optical system being configured to obliquely illuminate the sensing element, and a detector device configured to detect light reflected off the sensing element. The sensing element includes a chemical sensing layer configured to change in an optical characteristic in response to contact with a target substance, a reflection layer configured to reflect at least part of incident light, and an intermediate layer located between the reflection layer and the chemical sensing layer. The detector device is configured to separately detect p-polarized light and s-polarized light reflected off the sensing element.

Abstract: An image sensor is disclosed. A first thin-film transistor includes a first gate and a second gate. The first gate is supplied with a signal generated by a photoelectric conversion element. The second gate is supplied with a potential different from a potential of a first signal line by a predetermined voltage through a second signal line. The second gate has a smaller capacitance than the first gate. A second thin-film transistor supplies a reset potential received from a reset power line to the photoelectric conversion element. Whether a third thin-film transistor is in a conductive state is controlled by a selection signal. The third thin-film transistor is disposed between the first signal line and the first thin-film transistor and the current from a constant current source flows into the first thin-film transistor via the third thin-film transistor in a conductive state.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion element includes a substrate, a thermoelectric conversion layer disposed on a first main surface of the substrate, an insulating layer covering the thermoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode disposed on the insulating layer and connecting to a first main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a first contact hole of insulating layer, and a second electrode disposed on the insulating layer and connecting to the first main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a second contact hole of the insulating layer. At least a portion of the first electrode is formed from a material that has a work function that is different from a work function of a material forming the second electrode.

Abstract: An optical forming device includes a resin tank that holds a photocurable resin, a light source that emits light for curing the photocurable resin, and an optical modulator. The optical modulator includes a liquid crystal, a first substrate and a second substrate that sandwich the liquid crystal, and a first electrode and a second electrode that apply voltage to the liquid crystal. The optical modulator modulates, in a pattern based on the shape of a three-dimensional shaped object, light that causes the photocurable resin to cure, and irradiates the modulated light on the photocurable resin. The optical modulator includes a plurality of modulation regions including a first region and a second region that have mutually different voltage transmittance characteristics.

Abstract: An optical forming device includes a resin tank that is to retain a photocurable resin containing dichroic polymerization initiator and a light emitter to emit light for causing the photocurable resin to undergo curing. An alignment film for causing the dichroic polymerization initiator to align in a predetermined direction is provided on a bottom portion of the resin tank. The light emitter irradiates the photocurable resin with the light by passing the light through the bottom portion of the resin tank as linearly polarized light having a polarization direction in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the dichroic polymerization initiator is aligned by the alignment film.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion element includes a substrate, a thermoelectric conversion layer disposed on a first main surface of the substrate, an insulating layer covering the thermoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode disposed on the insulating layer and connecting to a first main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a first contact hole of insulating layer, and a second electrode disposed on the insulating layer and connecting to the first main surface of the thermoelectric conversion layer via a second contact hole of the insulating layer. At least a portion of the first electrode is formed from a material that has a work function that is different from a work function of a material forming the second electrode.