Abstract: A stand apparatus for supporting a medical instrument such as ophthalmic instrument. The apparatus comprises a vertically movable arm, a guide rail for guiding the arm for vertical movement, a rod extending in parallel with the guide rail, and a braking device provided on the base portion of the arm and selectively engageable with the rod. The braking device includes; at least one braking member having at least two biting edges spaced from each other by a distance slightly greater than the diameter of the rod so as to bite the outer surface of the rod, the braking member swingably engaging at its one end with the base portion of the arm; a resilient spring for normally pressing the biting edges of the braking member into engagement with the outer surface of the braking member; a sliding arm member adapted to be moved by a brake releasing device in the direction perpendicular to the rod; and a link arm member to which the slide arm member and the other end of the braking member are connected pivotably.

Abstract: A displacement measuring device, using an incremental code, which includes a coding member (22) resting on the object (21) to be measured and having a coding section for generating such signals that a sensing element can discriminate the signals as 0 or 1, sensing means (25A, 25B) disposed to sense the coding section of the coding member for producing sensed signals in response to the displacement of the coding member (22), and rectangular wave-converting circuits (27A, 27B) for receiving and converting the sensed signal into rectangular wave signals. A clock pulse generator (28) is provided in the device for generating a clock pulse with a higher repetition-frequency than the repetition-frequency of the sensed signal.

Abstract: A displacement measuring device, using an incremental code, which includes a coding member (22) resting on the object (21) to be measured and having a coding section for generating such signals that a sensing element can discriminate the signals as 0 or 1, sensing means (25A, 25B) disposed to sense the coding section of the coding member for producing sensed signal in response to the displacement of the coding member (22), and rectangular wave-converting circuits (27A, 27B) for receiving and converting the sensed signal into rectangular wave signals. A clock pulse generator (28) is provided in the device for generating a clock pulse with a higher repetition-frequency than the repetition-frequency of the sensed signal.

Abstract: A phototherapeutic apparatus in which a light beam is projected from a therapeutic light source on the therapeutic region of a patient by a spot size regulator in which selection can be made from a plurality of illuminating fiber optic elements of different diameters for coarse regulation and optical magnification can be varied for fine regulation.

Abstract: A lens judging apparatus to be used in a lens meter is disclosed. It has at least one projecting device movably mounted on the both sides of a lens table with respect to its elongated direction. The projecting devices are movably arranged within a predetermined range in the traversing direction relative to the elongated direction of the lens table by receiving the respective spectacles hung thereon. It also has a detector for the movement of the projecting member, a device for judging whether the spectacle lens is for the right or left by detecting a signal emitted from the detector, and a display panel showing a character measuring either "right" or "left" based on the result of judgment made by the judging device.

Abstract: A projection type lensmeter in which the target image for measuring the refractive power of a lens is projected on a screen and the projected image is magnified and observed through a magnifying observation optical system including a collimator lens having a focal length f.sub.1 adapted to collimate light projected from the target image, and a projection lens having a focal length f.sub.2 adapted to project light from the target image to the screen. The magnifying observation optical system has an effective diameter .phi. and a magnification m.sub.2. The focal lengths f.sub.1 and f.sub.2, the effective diameter .phi., and the magnification m.sub.2 satisfy the following relations:25 mm.ltoreq.f.sub.1 .ltoreq.30 mm409 mm.ltoreq.f.sub.2 .ltoreq.600 mm60 mm.ltoreq..phi..ltoreq.70 mm1.25.ltoreq.m.sub.2 .ltoreq.1.83.The overall magnification of the lensmeter is 30 or greater.

Abstract: In an optical distance-measuring apparatus wherein the light modulated with the constant frequency f.sub.o is emitted through an oscillator OSC, an amplifier SA and a light emitting diode LED and is returned by a reflecting prism DP located on the point the distance to which is being measured, and the distance is measured by the phase difference between the emitted light and returned light, a phase control circuit PCC is provided between the oscillator OSC and the amplifier SA for sequentially inverting the phase of the emitted light A. The real phase difference .psi.A is obtained by averaging the phase difference .psi.A of the normal light A and the phase difference .psi.A.sub.2 of the inverted light A. The averaging operation cancels the error component .delta..sub.1 due to the electrical or optical signal leakage in the light transmitting system.

Abstract: A variable image magnification eye fundus camera has an illuminating system in which there are provided an annular aperture (7a, 7b) in a position optically conjugate with the iris (R) of the eye (E) to be inspected, and means (7, 12) for adjusting in accordance with the angle of view the diameter of the image of the annular aperture formed by the illuminating system at the iris, whereby it is possible to make a clear photograph of the eye fundus even if the diameter of the pupil is relatively reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a medical equipment supporting device comprising a support pole and a polyarticulated arm supported by said support pole and adapted to support a medical equipment by said polyarticulated arm, characterized in that a brake disc is fitted in a rotary shaft of at least one of joints of the polyarticulated arm, and inside of an arm element of the polyarticulated arm are provided brake shoes for holding said brake disc therebetween in a pressed manner, means for ordinarily exerting a holding force on the brake shoes, and means for releasing the brake disc from the holding force of the brake shoes in response to an instruction signal from an instruction means to be operated by an operator.

Abstract: A displacement measuring device, using an incremental code, which includes a coding member (22) resting on the object (21) to be measured and having a coding section for generating such signals that a sensing element can discriminate the signals as 0 or 1, sensing means (25A, 25B) disposed to sense the coding section of the coding member for producing sensed signals in response to the displacement of the coding member (22), and rectangular wave-converting circuits (27A, 27B) for receiving and converting the sensed signal into rectangular wave signals. A clock pulse generator (28) is provided in the device for generating a clock pulse with a higher repetition-frequency than the repetition-frequency of the sensed signal.

Abstract: A support apparatus for a medical appliance includes a support, a lifter for mounting the medical appliance, a counterweight, a wire with one end connected to the lifter and the other end connected to the counterweight, the wire being passed over a first pulley mounted rotatably on the support, whereby the medical appliance can be moved vertically with weights of the lifter and the counterweight being substantially balanced with each other.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscopic camera comprising a photographing optical system including an objective lens adapted to be positioned opposite to a patient's eye with a working distance and an image plane on which an image of fundus of the patient's eye is formed, an illuminating optical system for projecting a beam of illuminating light to the patient's eye, a focus detecting optical system including a mark projecting system having a mark plate formed with at least one mark and located conjugate with the image plane of the photographing optical system with respect to the objective lens and an optical system for optically projecting the mark through the pupil of the patient's eye to the eye fundus. The mark projecting system includes a beam rotating device for rotating the mark projecting beam about the mark projecting optical axis.

Abstract: An optical range finder comprising first and second light emitting sources, and first and second light receiving sources, the light emitting and receiving sources being so arranged as to form four optical paths between the first light emitting source and the first light receiving source, the first light emitting source and the second light receiving source, the second light emitting source and the first light receiving source, and the second light emitting source and the second light receiving source, at least one of the optical paths being a distance measuring optical path passing an object, the other optical paths being reference optical paths.

Abstract: An encoder for measuring devices having a code plate including binary grating patterns arranged in a given regular fashion and forming a first scale, a linear sensor including photodiode elements arranged with fixed intervals and forming a second scale disposed in parallel with the code plate, and processor means for absolute-interpolating one pitch of the first or second scale on the basis of reading data or information obtained from the linear sensor corresponding to a relative position of the patterns to the elements.When the number of the scale divisions of the first scale within a fixed range is N, the number of the scale divisions of the second scale is N+1. Accordingly, when the first scale is a main scale, the second scale is a vernier scale. The processor means detects a phase inverting point corresponding to the interpolation point on the basis of the reading data. The processor means performs the absolute interpolation by detecting the phase inverting point.

Abstract: An eye fundus camera adapted to be mounted with a first (12) and a second (20; 26, 27) apparatus for observing and/or photographing the eye fundus, and including a movable mirror (18) moved between a first position where it admits light from the eye fundus to the first apparatus (12) and a second position where it deflects the light toward the second apparatus (20; 26, 27), whereby various modes of operation can be carried out.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus having an automatic detection device of an appropriate position of the patient's eye. A target is projected through an aperture having two openings and through an objective lens to the patient's eye. The target projecting beam is reflected at the cornea of the eye and passed through the objective lens to form a target image. The position of the target image is detected photoelectrically by linear sensors or an area sensor.

Abstract: An infrared reflection-preventing film including a titanium oxide layer disposed on an infrared optical substrate and a film of at least one second layer laid further on said first layer.

Abstract: A reflector device for use with an optical distance measuring apparatus which includes a frame carrying a reflecting element such as a corner cube type prism and a holder for mounting the frame. The frame has a reference surface and the holder has two or more reference surfaces which are adapted to be alternately engaged with the reference surface on the frame so that the offset value of the prism can be changed.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscopic instrument includes a main optical system, with a focusing optical device, for producing an image of the fundus of an eye on an imaging plane, on illuminating optical system for illuminating the fundus, and a target projecting optical system for producing images of a plurality of target marks on the fundus. A photoelectric sensor produces electrical signals based upon the images of the target marks formed on the fundus, and the signals are processed to determine the distances between the images of the target marks. The instrument further includes a circuit for receiving the electrical signals based upon the images of the target marks and discriminating between these electrical signals and anomalous signals, a circuit for controlling the focusing optical device based upon information concerning the distances between the images of the target marks, and a circuit for restricting the focusing optical device when an anomalous signals is detected.

Abstract: A working distance detecting device for ophthalmic instruments has two annular slits in the illuminating system. One of the annular slits has a light-shading portion of a predetermined width. A light-receiving portion is provided around the object lens so as to receive beams of light reflected at the cornea of the eye to be examined. The working distance can be detected at the light-receiving portion by the image of the light-shading portion of the annular slit.