Abstract: A nanoscale conductor/semiconductor/insulator device includes a substrate with a lattice and a plurality of nanotubes in crystallographic alignment with the lattice at an interface between the plurality of nanotubes and the substrate. Another such device includes a substrate, meandering tracks in the substrate and a plurality of nanotubes adhering to cut-atomic-step edges of the meandering tracks. Methods of making the nanoscale conductor/semiconductor/insulator devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention herein concerns a catalyst of gold particles on a layered double hydroxide (LDH) that assists in oxidation of alcohols in lignins. In some embodiments, the LDH comprises lithium and aluminum metals. Also considered are methods of using the catalyst to oxidize lignins and methods of preparing the catalyst.

Abstract: A method of treating opioid use disorder involves administering a selective butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor.

Abstract: A method of treating pain is disclosed, which involves administering an effective amount of lapatinib or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need of treatment for pain.

Abstract: Methods for determining the presence of pathologic amylin in a subject with diabetes or pre-diabetes are provided herein. The method includes obtaining a skin sample from a subject and determining if there is pathologic amylin present in the skin sample.

Abstract: A method of killing bacteria and an antibiotic kit are provided herein. The method includes treating the bacteria with a DNA condensation-inducing compound; and subsequently treating the bacteria with an Eis inhibitor. The kit includes a DNA condensation-inducing compound packaged together with an Eis inhibitor.

Abstract: Provided are mutant cocaine esterase polypeptides and PEGylated formulations thereof.

Abstract: Electrodes for rechargeable batteries that include silicon and a binder are provided. Binders for use with silicon electrodes are provided, including polysiloxane binders that can be prepared prior to preparation of the electrode, or provided as monomers to be cure-polymerized at the time of the curing of the electrode.

Abstract: The presently-disclosed subject matter relates to RNA-based composition and method to treat breast cancer in a subject. More particularly, the presently disclosed subject matter relates to a RNA nanostructure and composition containing a multiple branched RNA nanoparticle, a breast cancer targeting module, and an effective amount of a breast cancer therapeutic agent. Further, the presently disclosed subject matter relates to a method of using the RNA nanoparticle composition to treat breast cancer in a subject having or at risk of having breast cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards an artificial RNA nanostructure comprising multiple external strands of RNA, each external strand comprising about 40-50 nucleotides; one internal strand of RNA comprising more than about 50 nucleotides; the internal strands and external strands assembled to form a triangle nanostructure, a square nanostructure, or a polygon nanostructure and a pRNA three-way junction (3WJ) motif at each vertex of the nanostructure. Such nanostructure can be provided in a composition together with an adjuvant for use in inducing the production of high affinity neutralizing antibodies or inhibitory antibodies, inducing the production of cytokines, inducing an immune response in a subject, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Non-toxigenic fungal strains, and methods of making and use thereof, are provided and have utility as endophytes in forage crops, and as strains that can outcompete toxigenic strains in forage and food crops.

Abstract: A method is described for the identification of multi-subunit biocomplex drug targets. The method includes identifying a target that performs a biological function, wherein the target comprises one or more subunits, wherein a minimum number of the one or more subunits is inactivated to inhibit the biological function. The method includes selecting a drug that binds specifically to each subunit of the one or more subunits with a target probability. The method describes a relationship between inhibition efficiency of the drug and total number of the one or more subunits using a binomial distribution, wherein the inhibition efficiency comprises a probability that the delivered drug blocks the biological function. The method includes confirming empirically the relationship using an experimental target. The method includes administering the drug to the target to treat a multi-drug resistant disease, wherein the target comprises a biological complex in a mammalian subject.

Abstract: Compounds for use as electrolyte in a non-aqueous redox battery are provided, including an N-substituted phenothiazine compound according to the formula: R? is alkyl and R is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, arylcarbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycol, polyether, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, a polymerizable unit, and a polymer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the level of nornicotine and N?-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) in Nicotiana plants and plant parts thereof are provided. The compositions comprise isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides for cytochrome P450s that are involved in the metabolic conversion of nicotine to nornicotine in these plants. Expression cassettes, vectors, plants, and plant parts thereof comprising inhibitory sequences that target expression or function of the disclosed cytochrome P450 polypeptides are also provided. Methods for the use of these novel sequences to inhibit expression or function of cytochrome P450 polypeptides involved in this metabolic conversion are also provided. The methods find use in the production of tobacco products that have reduced levels of nornicotine and its carcinogenic metabolite, NNN, and thus reduced carcinogenic potential for individuals consuming these tobacco products or exposed to secondary smoke derived from these products.

Abstract: A ventilation system for an underground mine includes a blowing curtain, a passive regulator in a shape of an airfoil and an airflow ventilation source. The passive regulator is positioned in the air path adjacent a discharge end of the blowing curtain.

Abstract: Compounds for use as photoredox catalysts and as redox shuttles in a rechargeable battery having a high-voltage cathode providing overcharge protection capabilities are provided, including a compound according to the formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl carbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycols, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, and a polymer.

Abstract: Systems for detecting analytes in electrical double layer nanopore devices and methods of use are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptide inhibitors of AniA. Pharmaceutical compositions are also disclosed that include one or more peptide inhibitors of AniA and/or nucleic acids encoding the same. The pharmacological inhibition of AniA should disable anaerobic respiration and augment the ability of existing antimicrobials to clear the pathogen. Thus, also disclosed are methods of inhibiting and/or treating infection from N. gonorrhoeae.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating retinal damage and/or retinal degradation. More specifically, this disclosure relates to methods for treating degradation of the retinal pigment epithelium by administering compositions comprising a nucleoside and/or a nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor.

Abstract: Novel devices and methods of capturing, controlling and preventing infestation of insects using microfabricated surfaces are provided. In particular, a mechanism of insect capture inspired by the microstructures of the leaf surfaces of plants and the key features of those surfaces with respect to the capture and control of pests have been determined and engineered into a variety of microfabricated surfaces capable of reproducing the effectiveness of these physical capture methods.