Abstract: Disclosed herein is an Ultra WideBand (UWB) M-ary Code Shift Keying (MCSK)/Binary Pulse Position Modulation (BPPM) wireless communication system and method. The system includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter selects a specific TH code using MCSK according to an additional data stream, performs BPPM on a desired signal according to the selected TH code, and transmits the modulated signal via a channel. The receiver receives the signal transmitted from the transmitter via the channel, and estimates the transmitted signal, which is transmitted from the transmitter, through detection of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) sequence.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol and related diseases including hyperglycemia, lipid disorders, hyperglyceridemia, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in mammals using anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, ursolic acid and/or betulinic acid is described. Compositions adapted for these treatments are also described.

Abstract: A process of synthesizing metal and metal nitride nanowires, the steps comprising of: forming a catalytic metal (such as gallium, and indium) on a substrate (such as fused silica quartz, pyrolytic boron nitride, alumina, and sapphire), heating the combination in a pressure chamber, adding gaseous reactant and/or solid metal source, applying sufficient microwave energy (or current in hot filament reactor) to activate the metal of interest (such as gold, copper, tungsten, and bismuth) and continuing the process until nanowires of the desired length are formed. The substrate may be fused silica quartz, the catalytic metal a gallium or indium metal, the gaseous reactant is nitrogen and/or hydrogen and the nanowires are tungsten nitride and/or tungsten.

Abstract: A computer which functions by a performance prediction program for a ground source heat pump system of the present invention and a performance prediction system constructed thereby include a dimensionless distance calculating means, a first dimensionless time calculating means, a second dimensionless time calculating means, a boundary time acquiring means, an underground temperature change calculating means, and a tube surface temperature change calculating means. The performance prediction program and performance prediction system can be applied to the design of heat exchange system by obtaining predicted underground temperature data for the ground source heat pump system with high accuracy and predicting the performance for the ground source heat pump system based on the resulting underground temperature changes, etc., in view of the use of a plurality of buried tubes, underground temperature change patterns for buried tubes placed at different intervals, and the use of U-shaped tube heat exchangers.

Abstract: A calcium lactate crystal inhibitor is added to the typical cheese-making recipe to inhibit the growth of calcium lactate crystals as the cheese ages. The calcium lactate crystal inhibitor is preferably a sodium salt of an organic acid, and is preferably added with sodium chloride or shortly after sodium chloride as part of the salting step. The calcium lactate crystal inhibitor can be identified in a solubility model as being effective in preventing calcium lactate crystal formation by having no or essentially no visually observable crystals and a minimal reduction (less than 5.0%, and more preferably less than 1.0%) in the calcium and lactate content of a calcium L-lactate pentahydrate solubility solution after 14 days of storage at 7° C. The amount of calcium lactate crystal inhibitor salt is within the range of greater than zero to 10% of the weight of the curd, to result in a cheese having 0.26 to 2.8% calcium lactate crystal inhibitor in a cheddar cheese.

Abstract: An apparatus for characterising a subject's visual response, comprising a data processor, a display and an input device, wherein the data processor is arranged to present evaluation images at different positions on the display such that they occur at different positions within the subject's field of view, and wherein each evaluation image comprises a contribution of at least two items selected from a list comprising: a base image, a test image, and a noise image, and wherein the data processor is responsive to the input device such that the subject can indicate whether they can see the test image in the evaluation image, and the data processor is further arranged to evaluate the subject's responses so as to give an indication of one or more of visual efficiency, internal noise and visual sensitivity as a function of position within the subjects field of view.

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating assemblies are described. One method described comprises providing a first element at a first temperature, providing a second element at a second temperature lower than the first temperature, coupling the first and second elements to create an assembly, and changing the first temperature to a third temperature, thereby preloading and interlocking the assembly. The first element comprises a first dimension at the first temperature. The second element comprises a second dimension lesser than the first dimension at the second temperature. The first element comprises a third dimension at the third temperature lesser than the first dimension.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a simplified approach for determining the output of a total covariance signal processor. A single set of offline calculations is performed and then used to estimate the output of the total covariance signal processor. A simplified approach for performing matrix inversion may also be used in determining the output of the total covariance processor.

Abstract: A method of treating an amorphous CBDO polymer to impart self healing and shape memory properties by heat treatment, and products resulting from such method are described. An amorphous CBDO copolymer may include a copolyester prepared by reacting an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or ester or anhydride thereof, a 2,2,4,4-tetraalkyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, or mixture thereof. The method may include heating said copolymer to a temperature above its glass transition temperature to impart self healing and shape memory properties.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are taught for directing the orientation of an immobilized capture biomolecule on a hydrophobic membrane. The method comprises layering at least one tie layer on a hydrophobic membrane, adding an amine functional layer on top of at least one tie layer; and attaching an alignment biomolecule to the amine functional layer. The alignment biomolecule has the ability to either capture a target biomolecule itself and thus be considered a capture biomolecule, or bind and orient the immobilized capture biomolecule so as to maximize the binding activity of the immobilized capture biomolecule. In one embodiment, a nickel-coordinated amine functional layer binds with a histidine-tagged alignment biomolecule. In another embodiment, an amine functional layer reacts, via tyrosinase catalysis, with a tyrosine residue in an alignment biomolecule.

Abstract: Compositions of matter comprising 5-phenylalkoxypsoralen compounds and their method of synthesis and use. The compounds are useable to treat diseases or disorders in human or veterinary patients, including autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The compounds inhibit potassium channels, including the Kv1.3 channel and at least some of the therapeutic effects of such compounds may be due at least in part to potassium channel inhibition.

Abstract: A process for the production of lower alkyl alkoxyacetates, preferably methyl methoxyacetate, by reaction of a di-(lower alkoxy)methane, preferably dimethoxymethane, with the acid form of a medium-pore or large-pore zeolite catalyst, preferably the acid form of faujasite, ZSM-5, mordenite, or beta, in the gas phase at atmospheric or near-atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for protecting a plant from a pathogen, particularly a fungal pathogen, are provided. Compositions include novel amino acid sequences, and variants and fragments thereof, for antipathogenic polypeptides that were isolated from microbial fermentation broths. Nucleic acid molecules comprising nucleotide sequences that encode the antipathogenic polypeptides of the invention are also provided. A method for inducing pathogen resistance in a plant using the nucleotide sequences disclosed herein is further provided. The method comprises introducing into a plant an expression cassette comprising a promoter operably linked to a nucleotide sequence that encodes an antipathogenic polypeptide of the invention. Compositions comprising an antipathogenic polypeptide or a transformed microorganism comprising a nucleic acid of the invention in combination with a carrier and methods of using these compositions to protect a plant from a pathogen are further provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are polypeptides comprising a first segment of continuous amino acids having the sequence AQAGKEPGGSRAHSSHLKSKKGQSTSRHKKLMFKTEGPDSD (SEQ ID NO. 1) covalently linked to a second segment of continuous amino acids having the sequence DSDPGETKFMLKKHRSTSQGKKSKLHSSHARSGGPEKGAQA (SEQ ID NO. 2), or at least two of each covalently linked to each ether. The polypeptides are shown to induce apoptosis of cancer cells that contain mutant p53 or over-expressed wild-type p53.

Abstract: Means for measuring a working machine's structural deviation from five reference axes includes a main sensing body bonded with a main axis of the working machine (or controlled to revolve), and a lighting unit set around the main sensing body to circle about the main sensing body with a fixed radius (or the lighting unit radiates a light on the main sensing body from that radial distance and circles along with the main sensing body) such that as soon as the main sensing body has detected an optical signal, it is converted to an error signal informing of the working machine's structural deviation in two or three dimensional displacement.

Abstract: Various robotic devices and related medical procedures are disclosed herein. Each of the various robotic devices have an agent delivery component. The devices include mobile robotic devices and fixed base robotic devices as disclosed herein. The agent delivery component can have at least one agent reservoir and a discharge component in fluidic communication with the at least one reservoir.

Abstract: Junction field effect transistors (JFETs) are shown to be a viable replacement for metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) for gate lengths of less than about 40 nm, providing an alternative to the gate leakage problems presented by scaled down MOSFETs. Integrated circuit designs can have complementary JFET (CJFET) logic cells substituted for existing MOSFET-based logic cells to produce revised integrated circuit designs. Integrated circuits can include JFETS where the channel comprises a wide bandgap semiconductor material and the gate comprises a narrow bandgap semiconductor material. Mixtures of JFET and MOSFET transistors can be included on an integrated circuit design.

Abstract: A sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter may include a sigma-delta modulator and a decimation filter. The sigma-delta modulator may convert a first analog input signal into a first bit stream having a first pattern using sigma-delta modulation and convert a second analog input signal into a second bit stream having a second pattern using the sigma-delta modulation. The decimation filter may integrate the number of bits having a particular value in the first bit stream, output a first digital value, calculate a bitwise complement value of the first digital value, integrate the number of bits having the particular value in the second bit stream with the bitwise complement value of the first digital value as an initial value of a second digital value, and output the second digital value.

Abstract: A method to identify a high affinity nucleic acid ligand to inhibit the activity of a lactamase enzyme. The method comprises several steps that initially involve preparing a candidate mixture of nucleic acids. The candidate mixture of nucleic acids is then allowed to make contact with the lactamase enzyme under controlled conditions of temperature, ionic strength and pH; the combination forms a candidate-enzyme mixture. The target nucleic acids are partitioned from the remainder of the candidate mixture. The target nucleic acids that have been partitioned are amplified to yield a pool of nucleic acids enriched with target nucleic acid sequences. The enriched pool of target nucleic acids have a relatively higher affinity and specificity for binding to the lactamase, whereby nucleic acid ligand of the lactamase are identified. Nucleic acid ligands that inhibit an activity of lactamase. The lactamase includes class B, metallo-?-lactamase.

Abstract: This invention relates to a detection system for detecting an analyte in a fluid medium. The detection system comprises a substrate that provides mechanical stability and is sized and shaped to intercept an infrared beam. A reactive material is coated on the substrate. When contacted with the analyte in the fluid medium, the reactive material reacts with the analyte and is altered. The detection system also comprises an infrared spectrometer producing the infrared beam that passes through the reactive material to a detector of the spectrometer. The alteration of the reactive material allows the spectrometer to identify and quantify the analyte. In one embodiment, the reactive material irreversibly reacts with the analyte. In another embodiment, the spectrometer is a non-ATR infrared spectrometer. In a further embodiment, the substrate is a disposable substrate.