Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for gene delivery and expression in areas that are currently inaccessible through the use of conventional direct protein delivery techniques. In particular, the methods and related products provided herein can be used in the treatment of &agr;1 antitrypsin (AAT) related disorders such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.

Abstract: The invention describes a membrane-translocating peptide sequence (MTS) which facilitates entry of polypeptides and proteins into cells. Also described is an isolated nucleotide sequence encoding the membrane-translocating peptide and a method of using this sequence to genetically engineer proteins with cell membrane permeability. The MTS, and the method of genetically engineering proteins with cell membrane permeability, are useful for polypeptide and protein delivery for human and veterinary applications such as vaccine delivery and cancer therapy.

Abstract: Isolated polynucleotide molecules, and peptides encoded by these molecules, are used in the analysis of human cardiac potassium channel minK subunit variants, as well as in screening and diagnostic applications relating to a D85N polymorphism in the KCNE1 gene encoding the human cardiac potassium channel minK subunit polypeptide. By analyzing biological samples from a subject, it is possible to type a human cardiac potassium channel minK subunit with regard to the KCNE1-D85N polymorphism, for example, in the context of screening for susceptibility to drug-induced cardiac arrhythmias.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of identifying cellular genes necessary for viral growth and cellular genes that function as tumor suppressors. Thus, the present invention provides nucleic acids related to and methods of reducing or preventing viral infection or cancer. The invention also provides methods of producing substantially virus-free cell cultures and methods for screening for additional such genes.

Abstract: The invention describes a membrane-translocating peptide sequence (MTS) which facilitates entry of polypeptides and proteins into cells. Also described is an isolated nucleotide sequence encoding the membrane-translocating peptide and a method of using this sequence to genetically engineer proteins with cell membrane permeability. The MTS, and the method of genetically engineering proteins with cell membrane permeability, are useful for polypeptide and protein delivery for human and veterinary applications such as vaccine delivery and cancer therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid covalently linked to a photolabile caging group which reversibly prevents expression of the nucleic acid. The present invention further provides a method of selectively expressing a nucleic acid in a cell, comprising: a) covalently linking the nucleic acid to a photolabile caging group which reversibly prevents expression of the nucleic acid; b) introducing the nucleic acid of step (a) into the cell; and c) exposing the cell of step (b) to light, whereby exposure to the light unlinks the nucleic acid and the caging group and the nucleic acid is selectively expressed in the cell.

Abstract: A method for purifying a polysaccharide from group B &bgr;-hemolytic Streptococcus (GBS) bacteria includes contacting a bacterial fermentation stock with a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) resin. Additional steps may include a phenol/saline extraction and an ion exchange chromatography. The method results in a product having very high purity. The product of the purification provides a composition which is highly useful in both research and therapeutic settings.

Abstract: A method of treating animals having cancer by administration of secondary amide derivatives of various COOH-containing drugs, such as COOH-containing NSAIDs, for instance, indomethacin.

Abstract: A head restraint system is provided for a driver of a racecar. The system includes a helmet for receiving the driver's head, and first and second energy dissipating extendable restraining lanyards for connecting the helmet to a structural member of the racecar. The system preferably includes a quick connect apparatus for allowing the driver to easily escape from the head restraint system. The system preferably includes a rotatable connector which allows the driver to rotate his head left and right so that his lateral vision will not be impeded by the head restraint system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a convenient polymeric film or microparticulate vehicle to deliver protein factors into appropriate body sites to induce appropriate therapeutic effects. It also improves the existing methodologies for immunoisolation of non-human pancreatic islets (via microencapsulation) to protects them from the immunologically-different host. This invention demonstrates how vascularization and angiogenesis can be induced by means of addition of proper angiogenic factors. The angiogenesis is sustained over a long period of time, depending on the release characteristics of the polymeric matrix. Three-dimensional polymeric structures (mesh or perforated tubing and film) are used as resident materials for microcapsules bearing islets. Blood capillaries are generated outside the capsules and penetrate through the implant openings to ingrow into the vicinity of capsules/islets.

Abstract: Optical spectroscopy for brain tumor demarcation was investigated in this study. Fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectra were measured from normal and tumorous human brain tissues in vitro. A fluorescence peak was consistently observed around 460 nm (±10 nm) emission from both normal and tumorous brain tissues using 337 nm excitation. Intensity of this fluorescence peak (F460) from normal brain tissues was greater than that from primary brain tumorous tissues. In addition, diffuse reflectance (Rd) between 650 nm and 800 nm from white matter was significantly stronger than that from primary and secondary brain tumors. A good separation between gray matter and brain tumors was found using the ratio of F460 and Rd at 400 nm-600 nm. Two empirical discrimination algorithms based on F (400 nm-600 nm), Rd (600 nm-800 nm), and F (400 nm-600 nm)/Rd (400 nm-600 nm) were developed. These algorithms yielded an average sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 93%, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for gene delivery and expression in areas that are currently inaccessible through the use of conventional direct protein delivery techniques. In particular, the methods and related products provided herein can be used in the treatment of &agr;1 antitrypsin (AAT) related disorders such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.

Abstract: A method of treating autism in a patient. The method includes administering to the patient an effective amount of a glutamine level reducing agent, a glycine level reducing agent or combinations thereof. Representative glutamine level reducing agents are phenylbutyrate and phenylacetate, and a representative glycine level reducing agent is sodium benzoate. Optionally, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist can also be administered to the patient. A representative N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist is dextromethorphan.

Abstract: Isolated and purified proteins and nucleic acids including a novel member of the immunoglobulin super-family characterized as having SHP-2 binding activity and cell signaling activity and called protein zero related or PZR, and cDNA encoding the same. Recombinant host cells, recombinant nucleic acids and recombinant proteins are also disclosed, along with methods of producing each. Isolated and purified antibodies to PZR, and methods of producing the same, are also disclosed. PZR is characterized as having SHP-2 binding activity and cell signaling activity and thus, therapeutic methods involving these activities are also disclosed.

Abstract: Isolated polynucleotide molecules and peptides encoded by these molecules are used in the analysis of human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I phenotypes, as well as in diagnostic and therapeutic applications, relating to a human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I polymorphism. By analyzing genomic DNA or amplified genomic DNA, or amplified cDNA derived from mRNA, it is possible to type a human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I with regard to the human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I polymorphism, for example, in the context of diagnosing and treating hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) associated with bone marrow transplants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of detecting and diagnosing pre-invasive breast cancer by identifying differentially expressed genes in early, pre-invasive breast cancer tissue. Differentially expressed genes can be used as genetic markers to indicate the presence of pre-invasive cancerous tissues. Microscopically-directed tissue sampling techniques combined with differential display or differential screening of cDNA libraries are used to determine differential expression of genes in the early stages of breast cancer. Differential expression of genes in preinvasive breast cancer tissue is confirmed by RT-PCR, nuclease protection assays and in-situ hybridization of ductal carcinoma in situ tissue RNA and control tissue RNA. The present invention also provides a method of screening for compounds that induce expression of the BRCA1 gene, whose product negatively regulates cell growth in both normal and malignant mammary epithlial cells.

Abstract: Identification of linear amino acid antigenic sequences for the production of both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to defined antigenic domains is described. Also described are antigenic peptides identified by the described methods and antibodies thereto.

Abstract: A system for generating tunable pulsed monochromatic X-rays comprises a tabletop terawatt laser delivering 10 Joules of energy in 10 ps at a wavelength of 1.1 microns. The light beam from the laser is counter-propagated against an electron beam produced by a linear accelerator. X-ray photons are generated by inverse Compton scattering that occurs as a consequence of the “collision” that occurs between the electron beam and IR photons generated by the laser. The system uses a novel pulse structure comprising, in a preferred embodiment, a single micropulse. The LINAC is configured to generate an electron beam having 1 nanocoulomb of charge in a microbunch having a pulse length of about 5 picoseconds or less (or an electron beam brightness of 1012 A/m2−radian2@ 500 A).

Abstract: The present invention describes a simple technique that provides a biologically relevant measure of the inhibitory effect of cyclosporine in vivo. This ability to measure response to cyclosporine may improve prediction of the efficacy of immunosuppressive treatment in patients and may allow optimal immunosuppression in individual patients.

Abstract: A three-dimensional imaging device comprising a stationary monochromatic beam source projecting a beam onto a plurality of reflective mosaic crystals, wherein the plurality of mosaic crystals reflect the beam through a stationary object onto a stationary detector. A way for scanning the object includes moving the entire set of the mosaic crystals linearly along a line in the plane of the crystals, and rotating the entire plurality of crystals about an axis through the stationary beam source while maintaining the plurality of crystals in a fixed relative orientation. A potential application of the invention is to improve the accuracy of mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer.