Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting oscillations in neural signals are disclosed that provide for high precision and specificity in detecting neural oscillations in time and frequency domains. The disclosed systems and methods identify oscillations according to criteria including 1/f noise, number of cycles, and auto-correlation. The disclosed method detects periodic signals and filters out spurious oscillations associated with harmonic frequencies.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for making and using recombinant bacteria that are capable of regulated attenuation and/or regulated expression of one or more antigens of interest.

Abstract: A system for defending against a side channel attack. The system includes a reuse distance buffer configured to measure one or more reuse distances for a microarchitecture block according to information of marker candidates and information of target events of a microarchitecture block; and a defense actuator configured to determine existence of a side channel attack in the microarchitecture block according to the one or more reuse distances for the microarchitecture block.

Abstract: An integrated photonics computing system implements a residue number system (RNS) to achieve orders of magnitude improvements in computational speed per watt over the current state-of-the-art. RNS and nanophotonics have a natural affinity where most operations can be achieved as spatial routing using electrically controlled directional coupler switches, thereby giving rise to an innovative processing-in-network (PIN) paradigm. The system provides a path for attojoule-per-bit efficient and fast electro-optic switching devices, and uses them to develop optical compute engines based on residue arithmetic leading to multi-purpose nanophotonic computing.

Abstract: Fluorescence-based techniques are the cornerstone of modern biomedical optics with applications ranging from bioimaging at various scales (organelle to organism) to detection and quantification of a wide variety of biological species of interest. However, feeble fluorescence signal remains a persistent challenge in meeting the ever-increasing demand to image, detect and quantify biological species of low abundance. Disclosed herein are simple and universal methods based on a flexible and conformal elastomeric film adsorbed with plasmonic nanostructures, referred to as “plasmonic skin” or “plasmonic patch”, that provide large and uniform enhancement of fluorescence on a variety of surfaces, through an “add-on-top” process.

Abstract: A diffuse optical tomography (DOT) system for generating a functional image of a lesion region of a subject is described. The DOT system includes a source subsystem configured to generate optical waves, a probe coupled to the source subsystem and configured to emit the optical waves generated by the source subsystem toward the lesion region and to detect optical waves reflected by the lesion region, a detection subsystem configured to convert the optical waves detected by the probe to digital signals, and a computing device including a processor and a memory. The memory includes instructions that program the processor to receive the digital signals sent from the detection subsystem and perform reconstruction using a depth-regularized reconstruction algorithm combined with a semi-automated interactive convolutional neural network (CNN) for depth-dependent reconstruction of absorption distribution.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as inhibitors of SARM1 NADase activity, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same. The present disclosure provides compounds useful for treating a neurodegenerative or neurological disease or disorder, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

Abstract: Devices and methods for joining a first and second tissue in a patient are disclosed that include a base with a plurality of recurved tines oriented to a tine axis and extending from a first surface of the base. The tines provide unidirectional traction of the first tissue along the tine axis toward the first surface. The first tissue is secured to the first surface of the device at the plurality of recurved tines and the second tissue is secured to the device at a second surface opposite the first surface to join the first and second tissues.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of treating cancer in a subject including administering a therapeutic composition comprising an ATR inhibitor and a hypomethylating agent. Methods of inducing DNA replication stress or cell death in a cancer cell are also provided. The combination of an ATR inhibitor and hypomethylating agent is particularly useful for treating TP53-mutated cancers, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods of activating an immune cell in a subject by administering to the subject a CYR61 activating agent, as well as methods of treating ocular neovascularization in a subject by administering a CYR61 activating agent to an immune cell to form a treated immune cell and administering the treated immune cell to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure encompasses compositions and methods for targeted cytokine delivery. The compositions disclosed herein comprise a cytokine linked to an NKG2D ligand or PD1 ligand and may improve immunotherapy by limiting side effects associated with immunotherapy. The present disclosure also encompasses compositions and methods for recruiting cytotoxic lymphocytes to target cells using NKG2D receptor ligands or PD1 ligands. The compositions disclosed herein comprise a NKG2D receptor ligand and a targeting molecule and may improve immunotherapy by limiting side effects associated with immunotherapy.

Abstract: Methods are provided of reversing muscle loss and improving mitochondrial function via site-1 protease (S1P) inhibition. Further methods are provided for treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy and age-related muscle loss via site-1 protease (S1P) inhibition.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of a method of treating or preventing kidney disease in a subject in need thereof. Another aspect of the present disclosure provides for a method of reducing a number of kidney cells having excess centrosomes or centrosome amplification (CA) or inhibiting centrosome clustering in a subject having or suspected of having a kidney disease associated with CA or increased centrosome clustering. In some embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject a centrosome clustering inhibiting agent.

Abstract: Described herein is a novel electrode-decoupled redox flow battery, a novel reinforced electrode-decoupled redox flow battery, and methods of using same to store energy. Advantages of these novel electrode-decoupled redox flow batteries include long life, excellent rate capability, and stability.

Abstract: Embodiments provide for predicting rowhammer attack vulnerability of one or more memory cells of a direct random access memory (DRAM) chip, the DRAM chip including a plurality of memory cells. An example method, determines, for each memory cell of a subset of memory cells of the plurality of memory cells, a leakage time t, a resistance of intrinsic leakage RL based at least in part on the leakage time t, an activation time of an adjacent aggressor row to flip a bit in the memory cell, a resistance of coupling leaking RSW based at least in part on the activation time, and a toggling count. The method identifies, based at least in part on one or more of the RSW, RL, or toggling count, whether the direct random memory access (DRAM) chip is vulnerable to a rowhammer attack.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of methods for producing radioisotopes and improving the specific activity of radioisotopes (e.g., Cu-64 chloride). As described herein, the method includes matching of the target material and the proton beam strike area, resulting in improved specific activity while reducing the amount of target material used.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of methods, synthetic DC, and compositions for T cell activation. The present disclosure provides for synthetic dendritic cells (DCs), methods of generating synthetic dendritic cells (DCs), methods of generating T cell-encapsulated gelatin microspheres and microcapsules, methods of activating T cells using synthetic DCs, methods for expanding T cells against individualized antigen-specific mutational antigens using synthetic DCs, and methods of treating a chronic disease (e.g., HIV, HPV) or cancer using the synthetic DCs.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of compositions for single-cell reporter assays and methods of use thereof. Also provided are methods of determining individual activities of a plurality of nucleic acid regulatory elements, identifying a regulatory element having cell type-specific activity, or determining variance in activity of a plurality of nucleic acid regulatory elements.

Abstract: A micro-bioelectrochemical cell (?-BEC) device is disclosed that includes from 4 to 96 microfluidically connected chambers, in which each chamber encloses a volume of about 1 ?L to 2 ?L. A working electrode, reference electrode, and counting electrode contacts each volume. The ?-BEC device includes a support layer coated with a working electrode layer, a microfluidics layer containing a plurality of wells, and an electrical layer containing the reference and counter electrodes. Methods of using the ?-BEC device to perform bioelectrochemical measurements of cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for enhancing MRI image quality and tracking accuracy in MR-guided treatment systems are described.