Abstract: A pearl pigment which is excellent in discoloration resistance and in affinity (dispersibility) with resins, a production method for the same, and a resin composition, paint and ink into which the above pearl pigment is incorporated. The pearl pigment comprises a flake substrate, titanium oxide coated on the surface thereof, and a phosphoric acid metal compound, or a phosphoric acid metal compound and a metal oxide coated on the surface of particles coated with titanium oxide.

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from a gaseous stream uses a sorbent containing magnesium ions and sulfite ions for sulfur dioxide removal and a metal chelating agent for nitrogen oxides removal, with the production of an amine disulfonate salt, such as potassium amine disulfonate, as a purified saleable by product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a basic method for producing high purity silica and ammonium fluoride from silicon tetrafluoride-containing gas, particularly the gas generated by acidulation. The basic method comprises recovering silicon tetrafluoride-containing gas from the acidulation of a fluorine-containing phosphorus source, separating liquid entrainment from the gas, converting the gas recovered to an ammonium fluosilicate solution, and ammoniating said ammonium fluosilicate solution to produce high purity silica and ammonium fluoride.

Abstract: A process for making organic slow release nitrogenous fertilizers from pyrolysis products obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass uses a chemical reaction to combine a nitrogen compound containing the --NH.sub.2 group with the pyrolysis products to form a mixture. The mixture is heated to form organic nitrogen compounds. Various sources of biomass can be used. The mixture can be heated to remove water and to cause polymerization and solidification to occur. The mixture can also be combined with an absorbent. Previously, nitrogenous fertilizers had been produced using an ammoxidation process requiring long reaction times of up to several hours.

Abstract: Silicon carbide fibers having a high mechanical strength at a high temperature, an excellent heat resistance and a uniform structure are produced by activating carbon fibers which have been produced by heat-treating organic carbon fibers such as cellulose, polyacrylonitrile or petroleum pitch, polyimide or phenol resin fibers in an oxidative gas atmosphere and carbonizing the heat-treating organic fibers in an inert gas, with an activating gas, for example, water vapor, to convert them to the activated porous carbon fibers having a specific surface area of 100 to 3,000 m.sup.2 /g, a length of 5 mm or more and a thickness of 5 to 100 .mu.m; reacting the activated porous carbon fibers with a silicon monoxide gas at a temperature of 800.degree. C. to 2,000.degree. C. under a reduced pressure of 10.sup.2 Pa or less to convert them to silicon carbide fibers having a length of 5 mm or more, without generating whiskers; and optionally the resultant silicon carbide fibers are heat-treated at a temperature of 800.

Abstract: The present invention provides a diarylide pigment composition which contains a long chain aliphatic primary amine having 10 to 24 carbon atoms; an ethylene polyamine of the formulaH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH).sub.n Hwhere n is 1 to 5; and a propylene triamine of the formulaRNH(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH).sub.2 HorRN(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2).sub.2where R is a long chain alkyl group having 10 to 24 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A nitrogen-containing molecular sieving carbon which contains at least 0.1 weight % nitrogen bonded to constituent carbon of the activated carbon. It exhibits improved ability to remove nitrogen oxides compared with the conventional adsorption methods using commercially available activated carbons or other absorbents. Also an economically advantageous system for removing nitrogen oxides is provided which needs no reducing agent such as ammonia, no oxidizing agent such as ozone, or no electrical and physical energy such as electron rays or ultraviolet light in its operation, needs no expensive catalysts, and can be semipermanently operated with regular changes of the relatively low-priced activated carbon.

Abstract: A method for refined silicon carbide powder comprises attrition milling silicon carbide material in a liquid medium with a milling media to obtain refined silicon carbide particles having a specific surface area of at least 15 m.sup.2 /g, and preferably 20 m.sup.2 /g, with a median particle size of less than 0.5 microns, and preferably 0.25 microns. The invention includes the finished powder.

Abstract: A single bed thermal oxidizer for oxidizing a contaminate in a gas (air) stream has a plenum above the bed containing burners for gaseous fuel and means for injecting excess air. The burners are activated to initially heat the adjacent top bed portion. The burners are then turned off and a mixture of gaseous fuel and air is passed down into and through the bed which oxidizes the gaseous fuel and transfers the hot portion of the bed downward to preheat the central region of the bed. At that point, the gaseous fuel is terminated and the contaminated gas stream is introduced into the preheated bed for oxidation of the contaminate.

Abstract: The invention relates to clean color shade, yellow-tinged red iron oxide pigments, and a process for their manufacture, and their use.

Abstract: Halogenated contaminants are decomposed in a fluid and solid by reacting such matrix with a reagent composed of a non-alkali metal, a polyalkyleneglycol/or Nixolens.sup.R and a hydroxide/or alcoholate. Further, this reagent combined with certain solid carriers forms an immobilized decontamination bed to remove halogenated contaminants continuously from a fluid.

Abstract: The removal of SO.sub.x and particulates, and preferably also NO.sub.x, from the combustion gases of a large boiler, is simplified while efficiency is improved. In a primary treatment zone, a slurry comprising an alkaline SO.sub.x -reducing composition and preferably a nitrogen-containing composition effective to reduce NO.sub.x, is introduced into combustion gases at a temperature of from about 900.degree. to about 1300.degree. C. The gases are cooled by initial contact with steam-generating means, and then by contact with an gas-to-gas heat exchanger. Cooled gases are then subjected to a secondary treatment in which they are first humidified and further cooled by introduction of a water spray or aerosol to reduce the temperature to 100.degree. C. or below. Contact between the SO.sub.x -reducing composition and the humidified gases is maintained for a reaction period of at least 2 seconds. Particulate solids are then separated from the gases with a fabric filter.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for rendering humic acid bearing particulates substantially free of dust. An aqueous solution that includes one of a caustic humate and a caustic soda is prepared and mixed with humic acid bearing particulates in a concentration and for a duration such that an adhesive humate gel forms about the particulates. The gel causes adjoining particulates to bind together. The mixture is allowed to dry such that the mixture is substantially free of dust-size particulates.

Abstract: This invention relates to highly purified biogenic silica product obtained from diatomite and methods for preparing same. More particularly, this invention pertains to highly purified non-calcined, calcined, and flux-calcined diatomite products which bear the distinguishing porous and intricate structure of silica unique to diatomite and which have an extraordinarily high silica (i.e., silicon dioxide, SiO.sub.2) content and low density, resulting in high silica specific volume. These products often also exhibit exceptionally low soluble metals content and/or extreme brightness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining sulfur-containing fertilizers. According to the invention, a substrate containing fertilizer particles is heated to a temperature above the melting point of sulfur and subsequently by admixing with the sulfur, the latter is melted by the heat provided by said preheated fertilizer particles, producing a homogeneous coating on the fertilizer particles. According to a preferred embodiment the temperature at which the fertilizer particles are heated will be in the range of 140.degree. C. to 280.degree. C. Other materials may be added either into the phosphate or to the resulted mixture, having the purpose to modify the physical nature of the sulfur. The sulfur availability from the coated fertilizer particles may be adjusted by varying the temperature at which the fertilizer particles are heated. Typical examples of fertilizers useful for the process are: phosphate rock, superphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, triple superphosphate and potassium chloride.

Abstract: A catalyst and process for treating gas streams which contain halogenated organic compounds, non-halogenated organic compounds, carbon monoxide or mixtures thereof, and particularly gas streams which contain organobromides. The catalyst comprises at least one platinum group metal, zirconium oxide and at least one oxide of manganese, cerium or cobalt.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for treating gas streams containing variations in VOC concentration whereby the VOC's are destroyed in a combination non-catalytic/catalytic oxidation system are disclosed. A non-catalytic destruction matrix composed of inert ceramic materials that enhance process mixing and provide thermal inertia for process stability is used when VOC concentrations are high and a catalytic oxidizer is principally used when VOC concentrations are low. The exhaust from the non-catalytic destruction matrix is passed through the catalytic oxidizer to maintain proper catalytic oxidizer operating temperatures. Supplemental fuel and air are added as appropriate upstream or downstream of the non-catalytic oxidizer to maintain proper heat values in each portion of the system.

Abstract: A process for removing both CO.sub.2 and NO.sub.x from combustion gases consists, first, in cooling a combustion gas to 50 to 100.degree. C. and adding ozone to oxidize NO in the combustion gas to NO.sub.2. Then in a CO.sub.2 removal step, the gas is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of an alcoholic hydroxyl-containing secondary- or tertiary-amine to remove NO.sub.2 together with CO.sub.2 from the gas.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of toxic materials, for example, inorganic compounds, halogenated organic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and chemical weapons such as Sarin and mustard. The process is based on the discovery that mechanical activation can induce chemical reactions which break down the molecular structure of toxic materials and form products which are simple, non-toxic compounds. The process involves subjecting a mixture of a toxic material and a suitable reagent to mechanical activation to produce a non-toxic end product or products. Mechanical activation is typically performed inside a mechanical mill, for example, a ball mill. Ball milling of various toxic materials with appropriate reagents was found to result in virtual total destruction of the toxic starting material.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for preparing low-concentration polyaluminosilicate microgels from a water soluble silicate and a strong acid in which the silicate and acid are mixed at a rate to produce a Reynolds number of at least 4000, the mixture is aged and then diluted to a silica concentration of not more than 1.0 wt. %. The method achieves reduced silica deposition during the preparation of the microgels.