Abstract: A gas flow-focusing device (FFD) may include a cylindrical body that may include a funneling part to receive exhaled CO2-enriched air, and a CO2 sampling part. The CO2 sampling part and the funneling part are in fluid flow communication. The CO2 sampling part may include a CO2 sampling chamber to accept the CO2-enriched air, and a CO2 sampling tube to sample the CO2-enriched air. The funneling part and the CO2 sampling part may structurally form between them a ring-shaped gas chamber to contain a pressurized propellant gas, and a hollow channel in order to channel the pressurized propellant gas from the gas chamber to the CO2 sampling chamber. The gas chamber may include a gas intake opening through which propellant gas may fill the gas chamber. A prong-free cannula (PFC) may include two FFDs for sampling CO2, and a plurality of apertures for providing, there through, oxygen.

Abstract: A method for monitoring autoregulation includes, using a processor, receiving a blood pressure signal, a regional oxygen saturation signal, and a blood volume signal from a patient. The method also includes determining a first linear correlation between the blood pressure signal and the regional oxygen saturation signal and determining a second linear correlation between the blood pressure signal and the blood volume signal. The method also includes determining a confidence level associated with the first linear correlation based at least in part on the second linear correlation and providing a signal indicative of the patient's autoregulation status to an output device based on the linear correlation and the confidence level.

Abstract: A system for monitoring a physiological condition of a user includes a first measuring apparatus for personal use, a second measuring apparatus for use by medical professionals, and a server. The first measuring apparatus measures a first physiological parameter of the user. The second measuring apparatus measures a second physiological parameter of the user. The server receives the first and second physiological parameters measured by the first and second measuring apparatuses. The measured values of the first and second physiological parameters are associated with a disease condition, a health condition, a nutrient intake condition, a fitness condition or an exercise condition of the user.

Abstract: A method for dynamic analysis of a physiological parameter of a user includes: generating a first event label corresponding to a first measurement value of the physiological parameter measured at a first time point; generating a second event label corresponding to a second measurement value of the physiological parameter measured at a second time point; calculating a time difference between the first and second time points; calculating a measurement value difference between the first and second measurement values when a time difference between the first and second time points is smaller than a time length threshold; and providing an analysis outcome based on the first and second event labels and the measurement value difference.

Abstract: An apparatus for collecting volatile organic compounds from a gas sample such as alveolar breath or room air comprises an exhaust portion having at least a flow measuring device, and a discriminating device for distinguishing between alveolar and non-alveolar breath. The apparatus further comprises a collection portion distinct from and parallel with the exhaust portion having at least a collection component for receiving and concentrating gas samples within a collection chamber and a sampling component having a plurality of sampling devices for receiving the concentrated gas sample from the collection chamber and isolating VOCs contained in the gas sample. The collection chamber is compressible via a drive mechanism for precisely actuating the chamber to draw a gas sample into the collection chamber and circulating the sample to the sampling devices. Use of a drive mechanism enables the exhaust portion to be distinct from the collection portion, thereby mitigating cross-contamination therebetween.

Abstract: A device adapted for determining cardiac viability, wherein said device includes: a cannula having a hollow body and at least a distal end adapted for insertion into a heart and operator end for adapted for an operator to position the catheter in the ventricular apex and adapted for connection to a plumbing system; an inflatable balloon positioned near to the distal end in fluid communication with the hollow body to allow for selected inflation of the balloon, a controller adapted to calculate the viability of the heart from pressure data detected within cannula or balloon which is inflated to various degrees with an incompressible fluid.

Abstract: A wheezing detection apparatus includes a breathing sound detection unit that detects a breathing sound of a measurement subject and acquires a breathing sound signal in a time series expressing the breathing sound. The wheezing detection apparatus includes a determination processing unit that, in each pre-determined processing unit period, converts the breathing sound signal into a frequency space to acquire a frequency spectrum of the breathing sound, and based on a height and a width of a peak in the frequency spectrum, determines whether or not the peak indicates wheezing.

Abstract: Apparatus, system, and computer readable media determine the probability of visual recognition of an image by a subject using electroencephalography (EEG) corresponding to a Visual Evoked Potential (VEP). The apparatus comprises means for presenting a series of visual stimuli corresponding to said image to evoke EEG signals. The visual stimuli of the image are presented in an orientation sequence based on a timing cycle. At least one prism is provided for placement in front of the series of visual stimuli corresponding to said image. The EEG signals evoked in response to said visual stimuli and said prism placed in front of said visual stimuli are recorded and processed by a processor. VEP is generated corresponding to the presence of a shift and thereby provides object statistic reliability of the visual recognition of the image by the subject.

Abstract: An apparatus for early detection of sepsis in a host is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first sensor to directly measure a glucose level, a second sensor to directly measure a lactate level and a third sensor to directly measure a tissue oxygen level. The first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor all being inserted at a single point of entry in a subcutaneous space of the host such that a predetermined correlation between the glucose level, lactate level, and tissue oxygen level signals conditions related to sepsis.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for the diagnosis of middle ear pathological conditions based on spectral signatures. Preferred embodiments provide for detection of one or more analytes from the tympanic membrane. Devices use spectral measurements including spectral imaging to non-invasively identify middle ear pathological conditions including cholesteatoma and acute otitis media by providing real-time information of differentially expressed molecules. Devices and methods can also be used to non-invasively detect and quantify blood analytes from the tympanic membrane.

Abstract: A cradle and methods of using embodiments of the cradle are described. The cradle has a proximal side and a distal side, where the proximal side has a skin attachment member for releasable attachment to a patient's skin. The distal side includes a device attachment member configured to attach an initially separate medical device. The cradle comprises an electronically controlled optical indication device, the electronically controlled optical indication device being configured to provide optical indications to the patient when the cradle is attached to the patient's skin.

Abstract: Apparatus for optical tissue detection and discrimination between a tissue of a user and non-tissue materials and method of optical tissue detection and discrimination between a tissue of a user and non-tissue materials are provided. The apparatus for optical tissue detection includes one or more of light sources. The apparatus can further include at least one photodetector. A processor can be operable to determine whether the detected light is from a tissue of a user.

Abstract: Spirometer, mouthpiece tube and inspection method thereof. The spirometer includes at least the mouthpiece tube and an ultrasound detector configured to detect the ultrasound generated by the gas flowing through the mouthpiece tube, wherein the mouthpiece tube has a shell having an opened end, a closed or opened end, and an ultrasonic generator configured to be inserted into different portions of the shell in different situations. Therefore, by inserting the ultrasonic generator into different portions of the shell during expiration and inspiration, the gas flow during expiration and inspiration may be converted into the ultrasonic signal and then maybe detected and analyzed.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for visually depicting a vessel and evaluating treatment options are disclosed. The methods can include introducing instruments into the vessel of a patient and obtaining proximal and distal pressure measurements of a stenosis of the vessel, calculating a pressure ratio based on the obtained proximal and distal pressure measurements, applying a correlation factor to the calculated pressure ratio to produce a predicted diagnostic pressure ratio, and displaying the predicted diagnostic pressure ratio to a user.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relate s to blood pressure monitoring. In some embodiments, methods and devices for measuring a mean arterial pressure and/or for monitoring blood pressure changes of a user are provided. Blood pressure measured by one or more pressure sensors may be adjusted using one or more correction factors. The use of the one or more correction factors disclosed herein may allow for more compact, convenient, and/or accurate wearable blood pressure measurement devices and methods. In particular, wrist-worn devices may be provided which are less bulky than current devices and may facilitate more frequent and accurate blood pressure monitoring.

Abstract: A method of processing a signal pertaining to at least one electrical property of an organ of a subject is disclosed. The method comprises determining a physiological condition of the subject, selecting a frequency band, filtering the signal according to the frequency band, and dynamically adapting the frequency band in response to a change in the physiological condition.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems and methods for monitoring and evaluating data associated with ventilatory parameters to detect expiratory airflow limitation in a ventilated patient. For example, a ventilator may monitor flow and/or pressure during ventilation of the patient. Based on the flow and/or pressure measurements, or ventilatory data derived therefrom, the ventilator may calculate expiratory resistance. Moreover, the ventilator may trend expiratory resistance over time to produce an expiratory resistance waveform. In embodiments, the ventilator may calculate the slope of the expiratory resistance waveform during an initial part of exhalation. If the slope of the expiratory resistance waveform during the initial part of exhalation breaches a defined slope threshold, the ventilator may determine that the patient exhibits expiratory airflow limitation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ankle ergometer for measuring a force exerted on a user's ankle joint by muscles involved in ankle mobility, including: a first splint-type portion receiving the lower limb when the user's knee is extended, and including a lower limb immobilizer with the leg in extension, and a second portion including: a) a main body attached to the first portion, b) a counter-supporting unit secured to the main body, c) a rigid plate forming a supporting surface for the lower surface of the foot, the rigid plate being substantially static relative to the counter-supporting unit, d) a force sensor between the plate and the counter-supporting unit, the plate not being secured to the main body so the sensor measures the force exerted on the supporting surface of the plate by the ankle mobility muscles, the force being transmitted from the plate to the counter-supporting unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining blood pressure has a control unit and a device for providing pulse wave data representative of a heartbeat of a human subject. The subject has a body height, an age, and a gender. The control unit is configured for receiving the pulse wave data, selecting a portion of the pulse wave data indicative of one or more heart periods, and, for each respective heart period of the one or more heart periods, determining a systolic component of the respective heart period, approximating the systolic component with a first Gaussian function and a second Gaussian function, and determining a time difference between the first and second Gaussian functions. The blood pressure value of the subject is determined based on the time difference, the body height, and the age.

Abstract: A portable, handheld measurement device for monitoring lung function is provided. The measurement device includes one or more components designed to directly or indirectly detect air flow properties such as the direction, flow rate, and/or volume of air flow within a lumen of the device. In some embodiments, the air flow properties are determined from changes in pressure within the lumen. The measurement device may form part of a system that includes a remote computing device and a computer server. In some such embodiments, at least one of the computers present within the system calculates spirometry measurements from the air flow detected within the measurement device. Such measurements may be stored, displayed, and/or shared with others. Various methods performed by the devices and systems are also disclosed.