Abstract: A system and method for patterning of a substrate at sub-micron length scales using interference lithography that includes a substrate; a chuck that promotes substrate motion; at least two EM beams; a beam phase controller, wherein the phase controller modifies phases of the EM beams with respect to each other creating an interference pattern; a displacement sensor that measures the substrate displacement; and a feedback control mechanism configured to monitor and synchronize the substrate motion with the interference pattern using the beam phase controller and the displacement sensor.

Abstract: An embodiment of a phase mask includes a light blocking layer disposed on a substrate, where the light blocking layer has a number of optically transmissive regions each configured as a first pattern. The first pattern includes two segments that have different phase configurations from each other, and the light blocking layer includes at least three angular orientations of the first pattern.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a fixed part, a movable part, a driving assembly, and a sensing assembly. The movable part moves relative to the fixed part. The driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part. The sensing assembly senses the movement of the movable part.

Abstract: An optical element (200), has a first surface configured to convey light, a second surface configured to convey light, an optical path between the first surface and the second surface, a filter coating (230) applied to the first surface, and a colour corrected anti-reflection (AR) coating (240) with colour correcting and antireflection characteristics applied to the second surface. The AR coating is configured according to an antireflective function to maximise photopic transmission and/or, integrated visual photopic transmission (IVPT) of the optical path. The second surface is disposed opposite the first surface, and the antireflective function is determined according to a daylight emission a I(?), a transmission spectrum of the antireflection/colour corrective coating T(?) and a thickness a d(?), of the film for a specified wavelength.

Abstract: A shield coating on a microscope slide, and particularly a selective application of a paraffin layer to shield biomaterials and inorganic chemical deposits from microbial attack and oxidation, and more particularly, an application of a paraffin layer on a microscope slide as an exposure shield over deposited biomaterial reactive targets. The paraffin shield layer blocks the biomaterial and chemical targets from exposure, which may lead to degradation due to oxidation and provides resistance to fungal growth, while using the existing stain processing steps to remove the paraffin from the shield and co-resident tissue section.

Abstract: An automatic focus system for an optical microscope that facilitates faster focusing by using at least two cameras. The first camera can be positioned in a first image forming conjugate plane and receives light from a first illumination source that transmits light in a first wavelength range. The second camera can be positioned at an offset distance from the first image forming conjugate plane and receives light from a second illumination source that transmits light in a second wavelength range.

Abstract: An optical measurement unit for a scanning device, a scanning device, and a method for operating a scanning device, for high throughput sample analysis of biological samples are disclosed. An illumination system is used to emit light of at least two different illumination wavelength ranges, and an imaging system is used to detect light of at least two different detection wavelength ranges, in order to detect electromagnetic radiation within a field of view for determining the positioning of a sample within the field of view.

Abstract: The optical component includes a first substrate, a first diffractive layer formed on the first substrate, a second substrate, a second diffractive layer formed on the second substrate, and a bonding material disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and connecting the first substrate and the second substrate. The second diffractive layer is disposed opposite to the first diffractive layer, and both the first diffractive layer and the second diffractive layer are located between the first substrate and the second substrate. A gap is formed between the first diffractive layer and the second diffractive layer.

Abstract: Initiator/mediator chemistry for latent imaging polymers for volume Bragg gratings is provided. Light mediated chemistry including the use of nitroxides allows a first step imaging to occur, where a light induced pattern is recorded in the material, without the grating being apparent. A second bleaching/developing step completes the curing process and reveals the grating.

Abstract: A camera lens suspension assembly includes a support member including a support metal base layer, a moving member including a moving metal base layer, bearings and smart memory alloy wires. The support member includes a bearing plate portion, static wire attach structures, and mount regions. A printed circuit on the support metal base layer includes traces extending to each static wire attach structure. The moving member includes a moving plate portion, elongated flexure arms extending from a periphery of the moving plate portion and including mount regions on ends opposite the moving plate portion, and moving wire attach structures. The bearings are between and engage the bearing plate portion of the support member and the moving plate portion of the moving member. Each of the smart memory alloy wires is attached to and extends one of the static wire attach structures and one of the moving wire attach structures.

Abstract: A multi-waveguide optical structure, including multiple waveguides stacked to intercept light passing sequentially through each waveguide, each waveguide associated with a differing color and a differing depth of plane, each waveguide including: a first adhesive layer, a substrate having a first index of refraction, and a patterned layer positioned such that the first adhesive layer is between the patterned layer and the substrate, the first adhesive layer providing adhesion between the patterned layer and the substrate, the patterned layer having a second index of refraction less than the first index of refraction, the patterned layer defining a diffraction grating, wherein a field of view associated with the waveguide is based on the first and the second indices of refraction.

Abstract: A light flux diameter expanding element includes a light guiding plate with a light input face and a light output face, and with a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm; a diffraction grating on the input side; and a diffraction grating on the output side, and is provided so as to have the same grating period as that of the diffraction grating on the input side, in which a forming region of the diffraction grating on the input side is smaller than that of the output side, and a grating period of the diffraction grating on the input side is a period in which a small diffraction angle in diffraction angles of +1-st order diffracted light and ?1-st order diffracted light, which are diffracted in the diffraction grating on the input side, in the light guiding plate becomes larger than a critical angle of the light guiding plate.

Abstract: A medical projection apparatus includes: a plurality of projectors each configured to project projection light onto an observation area of an observation optical system, wherein at least two or more projectors of the plurality of projectors are configured to respectively emit projection light to different planes including an optical axis of the observation optical system, and the projection light emitted by the two or more projectors cross each other in any position within a range of at least a possible working distance of the observation optical system.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed whereby structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is applied to a scanning microscope, such as a confocal laser scanning microscope or sample scanning microscope, in order to improve spatial resolution. Particular aspects of the disclosure relate to the discovery of important advances in the ability to (i) increase light throughput to the sample, thereby increasing the signal/noise ratio and/or decreasing exposure time, as well as (ii) decrease the number of raw images to be processed, thereby decreasing image acquisition time. Both effects give rise to significant improvements in overall performance, to the benefit of users of scanning microscopy.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a fixed portion, a first blade, a transmission assembly, and a driving assembly. The first blade is movable relative to the fixed portion. The transmission assembly is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly is used for driving the transmission element to move relative to the fixed portion. The transmission element brings the first blade to move relative to the fixed portion when the transmission element is driven by the driving assembly.

Abstract: A relay optical system 20 for a rigid endoscope includes a lens fixing frame 21 and a plurality of lenses 22. The lens fixing frame 21 has a plurality of tubular bodies 26. The plurality of tubular bodies 26 are joined coaxially to each other. The plurality of lenses 22 are located at positions other than a joint position jp of the tubular bodies 26 in an axis direction of the lens fixing frame 21. The plurality of lenses 22 are located in the lens fixing frame 21 so as to have a coincident optical axis. The plurality of lenses 22 do not include a cemented lens.

Abstract: A fluorescence microscope (10) includes a sample illumination beam path including a source (9) for illumination light, a first wave front modulator (24) for providing the focused illumination light (8) with a central intensity minimum, a beam splitter (26) and a second adjustable wave front modulator (34) arranged in a pupil plane (30) of an objective (20). A first detection beam path section including the second wave front modulator (34) and a telescope (11) and ending at the beam splitter (26) coincides with the sample illumination beam path. A separate second detection beam path section includes a detector (38) for luminescence light from a sample. The telescope (11) images a first pupil (31) formed in the pupil plane (30) in a smaller second pupil (32), and transfers a beam of the illumination light (8) collimated in the second pupil (32) into an expanded beam collimated in the first pupil (31).

Abstract: A light sheet microscope includes an object slide, and optical illumination and detection systems. The optical illumination system includes an illumination objective configured to illuminate a first object plane that is oblique relative to a slide plane with a light sheet. The optical detection system includes a detection objective and an image sensor device. The image sensor device is configured to define a first image plane which is orthogonal to an optical axis of the detection objective and to define a second image plane which is tilted relative to the first image plane. The detection objective is configured to image a focal plane onto the first image plane and to image a second object plane of the object onto the second image plane, the focal plane being coincident with the first object plane, and the second object plane being parallel to or coincident with the slide plane.

Abstract: A multi-channel line microscope for single molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) imaging of a sample. A microscope stage moves a sample across two or more reflected excitation lines positioned relative to each other so that each excitation line excites a spatially distinct horizontal line in the image plane of the sample. A sample is imaged by moving the microscope stage across two or more reflected excitation lines positioned relative to each other so that each excitation line excites a spatially distinct horizontal line in the image plane of the sample. The apparatus and methods of use are suitable for a broad range of applications.

Abstract: In a state in which a position sensor for focusing is viewed in the direction of an optical axis, a line connecting the position sensor for focusing to the optical axis is set as a first reference line and a line orthogonal to the first reference line and passing through the optical axis is set as a second reference line. The position sensor for focusing is disposed in a first region of the first region and a second region partitioned by the second reference line. An X-direction VCM and a Y-direction VCM are arranged in the second region. The influence of magnetism from the X-direction VCM and the Y-direction VCM on the position sensor for focusing is suppressed.