Abstract: Aqueous acidic solutions of certain thallium(III) organosulfonate having at least 0.1 molar thallium ion concentration are contacted with an organic compound to form a related oxidized organic compound. The oxidized compound is separated and recovered from the solution and the resultant thallium(I) rich solution is electrochemically treated to regenerate thallium(III) which, in turn, can be reused in a cyclical process.The present invention provides a highly effective means of oxidizing organic substrates.

Abstract: This process, carried out at a temperature of 0.degree. to 30.degree. C. in an electrolyzer outfit consisting of at least one anode compartment containing an anode and anolyte, comprising an aqueous acid solution, at least one cathode compartment containing a cathode and catholyte, comprising an aqueous solution of oxalic acid and, between the two compartments, at least one separator, is characterized by the fact that the anode is made of a solid conductor uniformly coated with lead dioxide.

Abstract: An apparatus for plating interior surfaces of electrical terminals that are attached to a carrier strip comprises a mandrel having first and second portions, the first portion being comprised of dielectric members which are mounted for rotation on a shaft as strip fed terminals are continuously fed to the first portion; wrapped against it and exited therefrom; and a second conductive portion mounted in a stationary portion on the same shaft. First dielectric portion includes a plurality of nozzles distributed about its axis of rotation. A plurality of anode members are mounted within the nozzles, the anode members being movable into and out of interiors of terminals that are wrapped against the dielectric portion. A conduit supplies plating solution under pressure through the nozzles and upon anode members.

Abstract: A method for eliminating or controlling electroosmosis and other zeta potential related phenomena in electrophoresis comprising conducting electrophoresis employing electrophoretic surfaces coated with covalently bound hydrophilic, neutral polymers is described. An electrophoretic chamber for eliminating or controlling electroosmosis and other zeta potential related phenomena in electrophoresis comprising electrophoretic surfaces coated with covalently bound hydrophilic, neutral polymers, is also disclosed as well as particles exhibiting controlled electrophoretic mobility. The method and electrophoretic chamber not only eliminate electroosmosis, but allow for specific control of electroosmosis. The coated electrophoretic surface is stable relative to prior art coatings and over a broad range of pH. The point of optical focus for accurate mobility measurements is increased from a narrow stationary level to the entire chamber, facilitating accurate measurements by mechanical means.

Abstract: Oxide-ceramic targets which can be used in magnetically enhanced cathode sputtering and which are based on hot-pressed indium oxide/tin oxide mixtures, which have a density of at least 75% of the theoretical density and which have been diminished to such an extent in the oxygen content compared with the stoichiometric composition that they have an electrical conductivity which corresponds to a specific resistance of 0.6 to 0.1 .OMEGA.. cm can be prepared by compression-molding the metal oxide mixture in a reducing atmosphere under a pressure of 50 to 600 kg/cm.sup.2 and at a temperature of 850.degree. to 1,000.degree. C.The targets can be used in direct-voltage sputtering.

Abstract: A polymer composition having poly-[2,5-(3-ethylthienylene)] doped with an anion is obtained by electrochemically polymerizing 3-ethylthiophene in an anion-containing salt as an electrolyte. Poly-[2,5-(3-ethylthienylene)] is obtained by electrochemically reducing the polymer composition thereby removing the anion therefrom. The aforementioned polymer composition and poly-[2,5-(3-ethylthienylene)] are novel substances.

Abstract: As novel compounds, ethane tetraphosphonate esters, including octaalkyl and trimethylsilyl esters, and ethylene tetraphosphonic acid, as well as new compositions including a mixture of the acid with tetramethyl methylene diphosphonic acid, and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Ultrafine titanium diboride powder is produced by subjecting a gaseous mixture of BCl.sub.3, H.sub.2, and TiCl.sub.4 to an amount of laser radiation effective to convert at least a portion of the volatile boron and titanium sources to titanium diboride. The TiB.sub.2 powders consist primarily of monodispersed equiaxial particles having a diameter of about 0.025 micron to about 0.3 micron.

Abstract: The luminescent material(s) optionally composed of more color components are suspended in the solution of active agent(s) and treated with 0.5 to 10% by weight of glass forming acid or a mixture thereof, preferably boric acid or phosphoric acid calculated on the weight of the luminescent material. Then a solution comprising 1 to 15% by weight of aliphatic amines calculated on the weight of the luminescent materials is added and the mixture thus obtained is homogenized.

Abstract: A resin-bonded magnet comprising particles of a melt-quenched ferromagnetic material of the formula, Fe-B-R, in which R represents Nd and/or Pr, and a binder resin dispersing the particles throughout the resin and fixing the particles. The binder resin comprises an oligomer having at least an alcoholic hydroxyl group and a block isocyanate with an active hydrogen-bearing compound. The resin-bonded magnet is preferably used in the from of a cylinder, ring or column having a defined outer diameter and a defined density when applied to permanent magnet motors.

Abstract: A flow-through electrochemical cell for sequentially oxidizing and reducing an aryl compound. The cell includes a cell body forming a compartment to hold an aqueous electrolyte solution, a porous anodic electrode, and a porous cathodic electrode. The anodic electrode includes a first porous layer of a hydrophobic material, a second porous layer with an oxidation catalyst dispersed therein, and a current collector in electrical contact with the second layer. The cathodic electrode comprises a block of a porous, electrically-conductive material impregnated with lead particles. The cell is particularly useful for the preparation of aryl hydroquinones at very high current efficiencies, high current densities, and low voltages.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for separating and/or chemically converting components of a fluid mixture. The method comprises imparting an electrostatic charge to an array of fine particles, introducing the particles into a separation vessel, maintaining uniform dispersion of the particles within the vessel by charging the walls of the vessel with the same electrostatic charges then on the particles, causing a mixture to flow into the vessel, holding the fluid mixture in the vessels for a period of time such that at least one of the components of the mixture is sorbed by, reacts with, or reacts because of the catalytic action of the particles, and causing the altered fluid mixture to flow out of the vessel.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting stress corrosion cracking of a bearing 10 of the type installed on a shaft with an interference fit. The surface of the inner ring 16 is shot peened at least at and near the junctures 28,30 of the endwalls 22,24 with cylindrical inner surface 26. The shot peening is performed with sufficient intensity to produce residual compressive stress which offsets at least a portion of the tensile stress resulting from the installation interference fit. The shot peened surface is then coated with a thin metallic material. Finally, the inner bearing ring 16 is baked to remove hydrogen resulting from the coating.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing electro-optically active reaction products from a plurality of reactants by inducing a reaction by plasma deposition among the reactants. The plasma reaction is effective for consolidating the reactants and producing thin films of electro-optically active transition metal oxides.

Abstract: Process and apparatus are provided for demineralizing aqueous solutions without using regenerating chemicals. Oppositely charged ions are electrolytically generated within electrode chambers and diffused into the stream of aqueous solution to be demineralized flowing in cross-current thereto. In their migration in response to the application of an electric potential, the ion streams are subjected to displacement steps in cation and anion exchange masses separated by selectively permeable ion exchange membranes. The aqueous solution alternately passes through the cation and anion exchange masses resulting in a demineralized aqueous stream and an enriched brine stream.

Abstract: An anode assembly for plating contact areas within socket terminals is comprised of a conductive body member having an anode means extending forwardly from a body section, and a dielectric shroud having a profiled passageway extending axially therethrough, the dielectric shroud being removable mounted to said body section that said shroud extends coaxially around said anode means. The profiled passageway of the shroud includes a terminal receiving section which is disposed around the anode means, extends forwardly thereof, and has an inner diameter selected to be just greater than the outside diameter of a terminal to be plated. The terminal receiving section further includes lead-in means whereby a terminal members is relatively received into the terminal receiving section and locatable concentrically about the anode member.

Abstract: Tachysterol-2 or tachysterol-3 is photochemically converted in high yield to previtamin D.sub.2 or previtamin D.sub.3 respectively, by irradiation in the presence of anthracene as photosensitizer. The wavelength of irradiation is suitably about 375 nm. This irradiation may be performed upon the mixture of substances resulting from the prior photolysis of a starting material selected from ergosterol (for previtamin D.sub.2) and 7-dehydrocholesterol (for previtamin D.sub.3) with 240-265 nm wavelength light, i.e. a mixture containing the respective lumisterol, starting material and previtamin, as well as the respective tachysterol. Using the process of the invention, conversions of tachysterol to previtamin as high as 93% can be achieved, and overall conversions of ergosterol or 2-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D.sub.2 or previtamin D.sub.3 respectively can be as high as 80%.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cathode for magnetron comprises a cathode sleeve formed as a hollow cylinder, a heater inside the sleeve, two end shields formed around the sleeve at a prescribed interval and an electron emitting material applied around the sleeve between both end-shields, wherein a plurality of isolated projections are almost regularly and intergraly formed around the sleeve between the end-shields, and the above electron emitting material is applied onto the cathode sleeve to fill gaps among the plural projections.According to the method of manufacturing a cathode of the present invention, the efficiency of electron emission and electric conductivity are not lowered, whereby the stable operation can be realized for a long term.

Abstract: A process for producing m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol which comprises electrolytically reducing m-hydroxybenzoic acid in an acidic aqueous solution at a temperature of 20.degree. to 70.degree. while m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is present always in the electrolytic solution. The constant presence of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is effected by (1) continuously adding m-hydroxybenzoic acid to the electrolytic solution in an amount corresponding to that consumed as the electrolytic reaction proceeds, or (2) by continuously adding m-hydroxybenzoic acid and the acidic aqueous solution to the electrolytic solution.

Abstract: Process for the fluorination with elemental fluorine of fluorinated olefins, carried out in liquid phase using a perfluoropolyether as solvent, at temperatures comprised within the range of from -25.degree. C. to +120.degree. C., by using gaseous fluorine diluted with an inert gas.