Abstract: The present invention relates to the acylation of proteins. More particularly, the invention relates to a one-step process for selectively acylating the free .epsilon.-amino group of insulin, insulin analog, or proinsulin in the presence of a free .alpha.-amino group.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for treating or preventing a disease in mammals having the characteristics of Type 1 diabetes comprising administering insulin or disease suppressive fragments of insulin or analogs thereof in oral or aerosol dosage forms to said mammals. Also disclosed herein are pharmaceutical formulation or dosage forms for use in the methods.

Abstract: A method of inducing symptoms similar to those in AIDS-infected individuals, particularly neurological deficit, wherein peptide T, VIP or gp120 or a derivative or peptide analog thereof is intrathecally administered to non-human mammals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of preparing a product or a composition containing amylin or amylin with insulin for treating diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: The invention employs GLP-1(7-37), GLP-1(7-36)amide, and certain related compounds in combination with an oral hypoglycaemic agent for treating diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: Peptides that inhibit amylin activity and that exhibit selectivity for amylin receptors relative to calcitonin and CGRP receptors are provided. These peptides may be used in the treatment of conditions where it is of benefit to reduce amylin activity, including the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension.

Abstract: A method for destroying residual lens epithelial cells in an eye in order to prevent the occurrence of posterior chamber opacification. A solution containing a basement membrane binding agent conjugated to a cytotoxic agent is introduced into the lens capsule. The solution is maintained in the lens capsule for a period of time sufficient to permit the basement membrane binding agent to bind to basement membranes within the lens capsule. The solution is then removed from the lens capsule, whereby a portion of the basement membrane binding agent remains bonded to basement membranes within the lens capsule, thereby exposing residual lens epithelial cells disposed on the basement membrane to the cytotoxic agent.

Abstract: The invention provides materials and methods for synthesizing novel beta-turn mimetics, as well as the novel beta-turn mimetics themselves, and peptides containing the same. Also provided are novel synthetic nonpeptide therapeutic molecules designed upon the interactions between beta-turn mimetics or peptides containing the same, and receptors or enzymes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are inhibitors of the multicatalytic protease enzyme which are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## Constituent members and preferred constituent members are disclosed herein. Methodologies for making and using the disclosed compounds are also set forth herein.

Abstract: Derivatives of glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-1) and especially GLP-1(7-36) have been found to have insulinotropic activity. The invention pertains to the use of GLP-1(7-36) for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: Less toxic agents for reversal of heparin or low molecular weight heparin anticoagulation which are synthetic protamine-like polycationic peptides having a total cationic charge which is less than that of n-protamine. In preferred embodiments, arginine residues of n-protamine are replaced with lysine residues for ease of manufacture. Selective positively charged arginine residues have been replaced with an uncharged amino acid residue or its analog, such as glycine or glutamine, in order to reduce the total cationic charge on the polycationic peptide to the range of about [+14] to [+18], preferably [+16] to [+18]. In specific embodiments, there are sequences of 29 and 32 amino acid residues wherein 4 to 5 clusters of 2 to 4 positively charged amino acids are separated by 2 to 6 neutral amino acids. The C-terminus and the N-terminus can be modified to mitigate against in vivo degradation by carboxypeptidases and aminopeptidases. Another modification, specifically use of .alpha.

Abstract: Treatment and diagnosis of P. aeruginosa infection or colonization is achieved in accordance with this invention by the discovery of a polypeptide which is smaller than the naturally occurring P. aeruginosa pillin protein. The pure polypeptide comprises at least one amino acid residue sequence containing about twelve amino acid residues and up to about twenty amino acid residues that define a sequence capable of immunologically mimicking an antigenic determinant cite of P. aeruginosa pilin. This amino acid residue sequence can repeat as a unit one or more times in the same polypeptide molecule. More than one of such repeating units and more than one repeating unit of the same type can be present in a single polypeptide molecule. The polypeptides act an antigens or immunogens and antibodies may be raised to the immunogens and a vaccine prepared suitable for the prevention of P. aeruginosa infection.

Abstract: Dipeptide compounds are disclosed, the two peptide chains being joined together at a C.alpha.-atom of a non-terminal amino acid by a divalent bridging group --A--. The C.alpha.-atoms joined to group --A-- are located in equivalent positions in each peptide and each lack their native .alpha.-side chain. The bridged dipeptide compounds disclosed have a stimulating activity on cell division, especially for myelopoietic and bone marrow cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reagent which is useful for cleaving an alkoxycarbonyl group from a functional group which it is protecting and to a process for using this reagent. This reagent comprises a phenol, a diluent, and a hydrohalic or hydropseudohalic acid, the acidity of which is at least equal to that of formic acid. The method is advantageously applied in the synthesis of peptides.

Abstract: Compositions of the current invention are directed toward inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, particularly fungi. The compositions consist of chemically-synthesized antibiotics comprising certain amino acids. Methods of identifying particular antibiotic compositions from libraries of such compositions are disclosed. In addition, methods for preventing microbial growth in plants and animals are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds useful as affinity chromatography supports and as labeled reagents are disclosed. The compounds are peptides which can be constituted in families of positively charged, negatively charged or uncharged small peptides or the amidated forms thereof with varying characteristics as to charge, charge distribution, hydrophobicity, cyclization, and helical conformation propensity.

Abstract: The sea hare Dolabella auricularia has yielded many structurally distinct ptides which possess antineoplastic activity. Presently the compound denominated "dolastatin 10" represents the most important of such peptides because of its demonstrated potential as an anticancer drug.The present invention relates to the systematic creation of seven unique pentapeptides by selectively coupling a tripeptide-trifluoroacetate salt with a preselected dipeptide trifluoroacetate salt which provide active molecules capable of emulating the measured therapeutic effect of dolastatin 10.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process of preparing a crystalline alkali metal or ammonium salt of Lys.sup.B28 Pro.sup.B29 -human insulin. The process is useful in the purification and manufacture of Lys.sup.B28 Pro.sup.B29 -human insulin. Lys.sup.B28 Pro.sup.B29 -human insulin is useful in the treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: The invention in the field of cell biology relates to novel peptides able to interact with intracellular signal transducers, thus interfering with signal transduction pathways leading to cell proliferation and motility. The peptides of the invention may be chemically synthesized from single amino acids and/or preformed peptides of two or more amino acid residues.The peptides of the invention find an useful application in the treatment of a neoplastic disease.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses peptides derived from the 15 residue peptide 9-23, Ser-His-Leu-Val-Glu-Ala-Leu-Tyr-Leu-Val-Cys-Gly-Glu-Arg-Gly (SEQ ID NO:1), of the B chain of insulin. Peptides of the present invention are capable of acting as tolerogens for preventing type I diabetes.