Abstract: A homogeneous charge compression ignition engine for preventing knocking or misfires even if the air-fuel ratio deviates from a target value. The controller determines the possibility of misfires occurring due to changes in the air-fuel ratio based on a map showing the relationship of the air-fuel ratio and the timing at which the exhaust valve closes (EVC) when stable homogeneous charge compression ignition is enabled. When there is a possibility of misfires occurring, the controller retards the EVC. When there is a possibility of knocking occurring due to changes in the air-fuel ratio, the controller uses a map to advance the EVC.

Abstract: An evaporative fuel control system for an internal combustion engine having improved leak check precision and decreased false check results. The system provides a controller including a leak check control section to operate the leak check system, a refuel detecting section to determine whether refueling of the fuel tank has occurred, a purge quantity totalizing section to add up the quantity of purge during operation of the engine, and a leak check stop section to prevent the leak check until the total purge quantity that is added by the purge quantity totalizing section during operation of the engine is larger than a predetermined value if refueling is determined by the refuel check section.

Abstract: A combustion chamber for an internal combustion engine includes a closed end cylinder having an axis. A piston is reciprocable in the cylinder and includes a generally flat rim having an inner edge surrounding a recessed bowl into which the fuel is primarily injected, the bowl having a floor and a surrounding side formed by an arcuate surface connecting tangentially with the floor and extending to the rim inner edge. A spark plug has a centerline through the spark gap and is offset to one side of the cylinder axis with the spark gap extending into the combustion chamber toward the axis. A fuel injector is offset to an opposite side of the axis with the spray tip aimed to direct a generally conical fuel spray into the piston bowl with a portion of the fuel spray passing near the spark gap. Various dimensional characteristics are disclosed.

Abstract: The device is made from low friction factor fabric, has the shape of a plane figure with a catch element (1) at its one end beneficially in the form of a pocket, and at its other end there is a fastening element (2) in the form of a tape, press stud or some other well-known fasteners.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an interactive tool for teaching decision-making skills. The tool requires users to identify choice options and, for each choice option, relevant consequences, outcomes, goals, and/or driving forces. The tool further provides a methodology to evaluate the performance of the user.

Abstract: An intake system has a tubular intake manifold, having an end connected to an intake port of an engine and an opposite end connected to a throttle body that includes a throttle valve. The intake system also has a bypass passage, connected to the intake manifold downstream of the throttle valve, and an air flow meter disposed in the bypass passage for detecting an amount of intake air drawn into the engine. A portion of the intake air that flows through the intake manifold is divided and flows into the bypass passage, wherein the amount of intake air flowing through the bypass passage is detected by the air flow meter.

Abstract: A control device for a spark-ignition engine, in which a mixture in a combustion chamber is fired by compression ignition in a part-load range under warm-running conditions, includes an EGR controller incorporating a valve operation controller for controlling internal EGR of hot burned gas and a cold EGR controller for controlling external EGR of cold burned gas. The EGR controller performs EGR control operation to leave the hot EGR gas in the combustion chamber in a lower-load, lower-speed region within a compression ignition combustion range and to introduce the cold EGR gas into the combustion chamber in a higher-load, higher-speed region within the compression ignition combustion range. The control device further includes a firing assist unit for inducing the compression ignition at least when ignitability of the mixture decreases due to introduction of the cold EGR gas in the compression ignition combustion range.

Abstract: A turbo-charged internal combustion cylinder assembly includes a combustion chamber which may be communicably connected to a compressor via an intake port through an intake manifold and aftercooler so the compressor may provide pre-combustion gases to the combustion chamber when the intake valve is open. An exhaust port communicably connects the combustion chamber to an exhaust manifold. An exhaust valve may open to exhaust post-combustion gases to the exhaust manifold while an intake valve is substantially closed, and the exhaust valve may open to admit post-combustion gases to the combustion chamber while the intake valve is substantially open and an exhaust port pressure in the exhaust port is higher than a combustion chamber pressure in the combustion chamber. A fuel injector may admit fuel to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring a control system parameter determine a difference between a desired and estimated or measured parameter value, apply a weighting factor to the difference, and select a control strategy based on the weighted difference. The weighting factor generally reflects the confidence in the accuracy of the parameter value determined by the parameter monitor. The weighting factor may be determined based on one or more engine or ambient operating conditions or parameters, or based on statistical analyses of monitor values and/or control system parameter values, for example. In one embodiment, an engine torque monitor for an electronic throttle control system uses percent torque deviation and rate of change to select an appropriate weighting factor and determine whether a deviation between desired and estimated or measured torque selects an alternative control strategy.

Abstract: A failure detection apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes failure detecting means (S22-S30) for detecting abnormality of fresh air quantity detecting means (air flow sensor) based on the result of comparison between a fresh air quantity detected by the fresh air quantity detecting means (air flow sensor) and a fresh air quantity reference value set by fresh air quantity reference value setting means (S20), and exhaust flow rate adjusting means. The fresh air quantity reference value setting means sets the reference value (S16) in accordance with not only the operating state (engine speed Ne, fuel injection quantity Qf, etc.) of the engine but also a target adjustment amount (target throttle valve opening) set for the exhaust flow rate adjusting means by target adjustment setting means (S12, S14).

Abstract: A method of monitoring engine order forcing frequency comprises the steps of: selecting at least one engine order for an engine, the engine order being related in a known manner to one or more engine vibration responses generated by the forcing of the engine order; receiving measurement data which provide a measure of the change in the frequency of the or each vibration response as the engine speed varies, and calculating therefrom the change in the engine order forcing frequency; and determining, on the basis of the calculated change in the engine order forcing frequency, a corresponding change in at least one second engine order forcing frequency for the engine as the engine speed varies.

Abstract: A butterfly valve system has an air cylinder with an internal passageway with an axis. An air control assembly includes a plurality of similarly configured plates positioned within the passageway with shafts mounted for independent oscillation and supporting the plates. A rocker arm is secured to each shaft to oscillate the rocker arms and shafts and plates independently of each other whereby the flow of air may be selectively controlled to generate a vortex flow by a user manipulating the drivers to open and close four quarter quadrants of the cross section of the cylindrical passageway.

Abstract: A one-piece piston for an internal combustion engine, having a ring-shaped cooling channel arranged in the outer region of the piston head, is proposed, which is closed off by a ring-shaped cooling channel cover structured towards the side of the pin bosses as a support element. This cooling channel cover comprises at least two arc-shaped cover elements the outer edge of which supports the pin-boss-side face of the ring wall.

Abstract: First and second chambers are coaxially arranged and have substantially the same cross sectional area. First and second activated charcoal masses are respectively received in the first and second chambers. A labyrinth structure is arranged between respective first ends of the first and second chambers. An atmospheric air inlet port is provided by a second end of the second chamber. A third chamber is arranged beside the coaxially arranged first and second chambers. The third chamber has a first end positioned near a second end of the first chamber and a second end positioned near the second end of the second chamber. A third activated charcoal mass is received in the third chamber. A connector passage extends between the second end of the first chamber and the first end of the third chamber to provide a fluid connection between the first and third chambers.

Abstract: A plug cap guide for enhancing the reliability of mounting a plug cap to a rear portion of a spark plug. The plug cap guide is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape so as to contain a plug cap therein and to have a tip end portion insertable in a plug hole. The plug cap guide is provided with a pressing portion for pressing the plug cap toward the side of a spark plug. A positioning and fixing element for determining the position in the axial direction of the plug cap guide and fixing the plug cap guide is provided between a rear portion of the plug cap guide and a head cover.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a spark plug, an electric DC voltage supply, and an ignition circuit. The ignition circuit includes a switching device and a transformer having a primary winding coupled to the supply via the switching device, and a secondary winding coupled to the spark plug. After having generated an initial breakdown of a breakdown path through a gas mixture between electrodes of the spark plug, switching occurs repeatedly per combustion to produce pulses at the primary winding, with a repeat frequency which is at least sufficiently high that the breakdown path remains conductive between consecutive switches per combustion. The switching on and switching off provides heating of the breakdown path to ignite the gas mixture. The transformer has an air core around which the primary and secondary windings are arranged concentrically.

Abstract: A folding assembly structured to arrange any one of a plurality of different articles into a folded orientation and including an orienting device having a main segment and at least two outwardly extending and spaced apart side segments, wherein the main segments and two side segments are initially disposed in engaging relation to different portions of the article being folded. An attachment assembly in the form of a flexible material connector pivotally attaches each of the side segments in spaced relation to the main segment and outwardly spaced relation therefrom. The flexible material connectors thereby serve to accommodate the folding of articles of various thicknesses, in that they allow for the automatic spaced positioning of each of the sides segments at different spaced distances above the main segment as the different portions of the article are being oriented when the side segments are in a folded position.

Abstract: A method for controlling a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having electronically controlled airflow comprising limiting a currently available maximum engine torque below maximum torque based on a limited torque output condition, the limited torque output condition not being based on current ambient temperature or pressure conditions. The method also includes determining a driver demanded torque based on a current throttle position. The method further includes controlling the engine to deliver the driver demand torque if the internal engine condition does not indicate the limited torque output condition or to deliver a calibratable percentage of the currently available maximum torque if the internal engine condition indicates a limited torque output condition.

Abstract: A vacuum generator is provided wherein the intake vacuum of a combustion engine is led to a negative pressure device such as a vacuum booster of a brake booster device through a check valve. An idling air passage is connected to a suction pipe of the combustion engine to bypass a throttle valve arranged in the suction pipe. An ejector is arranged in the idling air passage at the downstream of an idle speed control valve in serial relation to the same, and the intake for idling is performed through the ejector. As the intake air flow passing through the idling air passage increases, the intake negative pressure which is generated at a vacuum takeout port of the ejector is further increased in absolute value, whereby the negative pressure device has a negative pressure which is further increased in absolute value.

Abstract: An injection system for an internal combustion engine comprises a pump (1), a pressure accumulator (3), a sensor (7) for detecting the pressure in the pressure accumulator (3), a control valve (2) and a control or regulation unit (8). The control or regulation unit controls the pressure in the pressure accumulator (3) by opening or closing a connection to a low-pressure area (6). The control or regulation unit has an emergency operation function, which operates in such a way that when an error occurs in the regulator circuit, the control valve adopts the open position.