Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of separation of the mineral salts obtained from the catalyst of a Friedel-Craft reaction.The improvement to the method of alkylation of an aromatic hydrocarbon by an olefin hydrocarbon in the presence of aluminum chloride followed by neutralization of the acid alkylates by anhydrous ammonia, consists in flocculating the mineral salts obtained by said neutralization by the addition of water and separating out the salts thus flocculated.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the ethylation of mono alkyl benzenes wherein the alkyl substituent contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms, i.e., toluene or ethylbenzene, by contacting the same with ethylene in the presence of hydrogen under conversion conditions including a temperature between about 350.degree. and about 500.degree. C, a pressure greater than atmospheric but less than 400 psig, employing a hydrogen to ethylene mole ratio in the approximate range of 0.5 to 10 and in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, which zeolite is characterized by an activity in terms of alpha value, of between about 2 and about 5000, a xylene sorption capacity greater than 1 gram/100 grams of zeolite and an ortho zylene sorption time for 30% of said capacity of greater than 10 minutes, said sorption capacity and sorption time being measured at 120.degree. C and a xylene pressure of 4.5 .+-. 0.8 mm.

Abstract: In an alkylation process, the separation of the hydrocarbon effluent is accomplished by modifying the depropanizer tower to provide a lower bottom temperature. The depropanizer bottoms is flash separated to release an isobutane rich recycle stream with higher boiling alkylate being passed to an isostripper for separation with alkylation hydrocarbon effluent not passing through the above sequence. The use of low pressure steam for heat duty in the above sequence reduces energy requirements of the processing combination.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the dehydrogenation of diarylethanes to the corresponding diarylethylenes in the presence of oxygen and in the presence of a metal phosphate catalyst.

Abstract: A process for separating an aromatic hydrocarbon of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms andn is 0, 1, 2, or 3 (and wherein the groups R, when n is 2 or 3 can be the same or different),From a mixture comprising said compound and one or more aliphatic hydrocarbon, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether, ketone or a carboxylic acid ester which comprises contacting said mixture with a polyurethane membrane.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the selective production of para-xylene by contacting, under conversion conditions, an olefinic charge stock with a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12, a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12 and which has combined therewith magnesium in an amount of at least about 0.5 percent by weight.

Abstract: Process for alkylating or alkylating-transalkylating a charge containing toluene, methanol and, optionally, polymethylbenzenes, in one or two steps, conducted at a temperature from 100.degree. to 600.degree. C under a pressure from 1 to 150 bars in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst having a zeolite base of the faujasite type selected from Y sieves containing less than 2% by weight of sodium and at least 0.5% by weight of nickel, silver, cadmium or a mixture thereof and in which the molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is from 2 to 6, and also in the presence of sulfur either introduced into the charge or preintroduced into the catalyst or both.

Abstract: A process for the production of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons by the alkylation of benzene wherein the alkylation zone effluent is fractionated to form a bottoms stream comprising benzene, the alkylaromatic hydrocarbon and a light paraffin. The light paraffin is then removed from the bottoms stream in a first recycle column which produces a recycled overhead stream comprising the paraffin and benzene. The bottoms stream of the first recycle column is separated in a second recycle column, which is operated at about the same bottom temperature but a lower pressure than the first recycle column. The benzene-rich overhead stream of the second recycle column is preferably recycled to the alkylation zone.

Abstract: Benzene and dilute ethylene are reacted in vapor phase over solid porous catalyst such as zeolite ZSM-5 in a series of reaction zones with intermediate injection of cold reactants and diluent to control temperature.

Abstract: A method for quenching cracked gases and recovery of heat therefrom by cooling the gases in heat exchange with steam to increase superheat level of the steam and subsequently recovering heat from the superheated steam.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the ethylation of a mono alkyl benzene wherein the alkyl group contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms, i.e. toluene or ethylbenzene to yield a mixture of ethyl toluene or diethylbenzene isomers with minimal undesired by-product formation which comprises contacting said mono alkyl benzene under conversion conditions, with an ethylating agent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite characterized by a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12 and a silica to alumina ratio greater than about 500.

Abstract: Olefins, such as n-hexene, are disproportionated under reaction conditions with a catalyst of an oxide of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, or dysprosium, on a silica support.

Abstract: Recovery of valuable components from eight carbon atom (C.sub.8) aromatic fractions is enhanced by high temperature processing of C.sub.9.sup.+ aromatics produced by side reactions during isomerization of a C.sub.8 aromatics fraction lean in p-xylene and resulting from separation of that isomer from a mixture of the three xylene isomers and ethyl benzene.

Abstract: A process for the isomerization of xylenes using the hydrogen form of new zeolite "nu-1" having a silica to alumina ratio of 20 to 150 and a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern and adsorption properties.

Abstract: Monoalkyl benzene having a side chain of at least two carbon atoms is converted to dialkyl benzene having side chains of shorter length than the charge and containing a proportion of para dialkyl benzene in excess of the thermodynamic equilibrium value by reaction over a dual function catalyst comprising a noble metal from Group VIII of the Periodic Table and a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite of high silica/alumina ratio above 12, a constraint index of 1 to 12, which aluminosilicate is in a state to restrict diffusion of ortho xylene.

Abstract: Process for the selective production of para-substituted benzene derivatives characterized by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually methyl or ethyl by alkylation of a mono alkyl benzene wherein the alkyl substituent contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms, i.e. toluene or ethylbenzene, with a methylating or ethylating agent in the presence of a catalyst comprising the crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite ZSM-23. The products selectively produced are para-xylene, para-ethyltoluene or para-diethylbenzene.

Abstract: Disproportionation of toluene to produce benzene and xylenes rich in the para isomer is accomplished by subjecting toluene to disproportionation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, said zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12, said catalyst having been modified by initial treatment with an ammonium phosphate followed by treatment with a magnesium compound to yield a composite containing a minor proportion of an oxide of phosphorus and a minor proportion of an oxide of magnesium.

Abstract: In a process for obtaining substantially sulfur free pure naphthalene from bituminous coal tar and thionaphthene as a by-product, a de-phenolized thionaphthene-containing naphthalene fraction from oxidative purification is extracted with concentrated sulfuric acid and acetic acid anhydride in benzene. The thionaphthene is converted into its sulfonic acid derivative and water washed from the benzene-naphthalene mixture. The benzene is distilled leaving pure naphthalene. The sulfonic acid group is cleaved from the thionaphthene with superheated steam to yield thionaphthene.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for vaporphase isomerization of monocyclic alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite characterized by a silica/alumina mole ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12, said zeolite containing cations which are predominantly hydrogen or hydrogen precursor and a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements, said Group VIII metal cations being present in a minimum amount of 2.0 percent by weight of said zeolite.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are alkylated in the presence of zeolite nu-1 as catalyst. The invention particularly relates to the production of xylene by the methylation of toluene at temperatures in the range 300.degree. to 600.degree. C, preferably in the range from about 450.degree. to 550.degree. C.