Abstract: In a hydro-mechanical transmission for automobiles which has an input shaft, an output shaft, a differential gear set including an input element connected to the input shaft and an output element connected to the output shaft and two reaction elements, a first positive displacement hydraulic pump-motor connected to the input shaft, a second hydraulic pump-motor connected to the first hydraulic pump-motor through a pair of conduits, a first clutch for performing the low operational mode of the low speed ratio by connecting the second hydraulic pump-motor to one of the two reaction elements, and a second clutch for performing the high operational mode of the high speed ratio by connecting the second hydraulic pump-motor to the other reaction element, the operational modes being switched over when the rotational speed of the first clutch corresponds to or is synchronized with that of the second clutch, the improvement being, whether a setting signal is generated for increasing or decreasing the speed ratio, the

Abstract: A control coupling, particularly for use with a differential gearing, the coupling including an enclosure containing a viscous liquid and first and second mutually interleaved sets of annular plates arranged for rotation about a common axis within the enclosure. The first set of plates are arranged to be connected with a first rotatable member and the second set of plates being arranged to be connected with a second rotatable member, and the plates of at least one set are free to move in directions parallel to the common axis. One of the sets of plates are mounted on a hollow hub which projects within the enclosure and which has a bore which is open to, and forms part of, the enclosure volume. A piston is slidable in this bore to vary the volume of the enclosure and springs are located in the bore to urge the piston towards a limit position in which the volume of the bore in communication with the remainder of the enclosure is at a minimum.

Abstract: An engine balancer driving arrangement is disclosed having a plurality of sprockets or belt pulleys mounted, respectively, on a driving shaft of an oil pump or the like, on the crankshaft, and on the shafts of said balancers and a single endless timing chain or corrugated belt engaged with all of said sprockets or belt pulleys. The two sprockets or belt pulleys, which are mounted on the balancer shafts, are brought into engagement with the inner and outer periphery of said timing chain, respectively. The oil pump or other auxiliary mechanism is disposed within a dead space which is formed by the cam shaft driving mechanism between the front wall of the engine and said balancer driving mechanism thereby reducing the overall length of the engine.

Abstract: A gear transmission with overtop or overdrive for automotive vehicles includes an overdrive gear mechanism mounted immediately after the rear end wall of a transmission case. The overdrive gear mechanism includes a pair of overdrive gears, one located on the output shaft of the gear transmission and the other on the countershaft of the gear transmission, operable to rotate the output shaft at a higher rotational speed than the input shaft. An overdrive synchronizer assembly is mounted rearwardly of the overdrive gears such that the direction for actuating the overdrive synchronizer assembly coincides with the direction that a gear shift lever of the vehicle is shifted to obtain the overdrive position.

Abstract: A planetary gear assembly which includes an axle housing for rotatably carrying an axle shaft with a sun gear at its outer end, a spindle gear removably mounted to the axle housing, and a hub rotatably mounted to the spindle gear, the axle housing, spindle gear and hub having axial bores permitting the passage therethrough of an axle shaft. The spindle gear has a recessed interior with an inner surface provided with integrally formed gear teeth, and the hub includes a plurality of planet gears which are disposed between the sun gear of the axle shaft and the ring gear of the spindle gear. The spindle gear and hub are so constructed and arranged as to permit the axle shaft and sun gear to be withdrawn outwardly through the hub, and to permit the hub and spindle gear assembly to be removed from the axle housing as a unit.

Abstract: A planetary gear steering hub assembly which can be easily assembled and disassembled. The assembly includes a stationary axle housing, a universally jointed axle shaft extending through the housing, and a hollow spindle having an inner end with integrally formed knuckles pivotally coupling it to the axle housing and having adjacent its outer end an integrally formed toothed ring surrounding but spaced from the sun gear. A hub is rotatably mounted to and carried coaxially of the spindle, the hub carrying a plurality of rotatable planet gears disposed between the sun gear and the toothed ring and meshing therewith.

Abstract: A multiple ratio power transmission mechanism having a gear system and a hydrokinetic unit with a lockup clutch that responds to pressure in the hydrokinetic unit to establish a mechanical torque delivery path around the hydrokinetic unit and a valve system for engaging and disengaging the clutch and for controlling clutch capacity by modulating the clutch pressure and by controlling the direction of fluid flow through the hydrokinetic unit.

Abstract: An improvement in a drive transmission for coupling an engine to a driven load at any selected one of a plurality of drive ratios which comprises a gear section having an input shaft, an output shaft, a plurality of gears and shift devices for interconnecting said gears in any of a plurality of predetermined relationships, a fluid pressure operated input clutch for coupling said gear section input shaft to said engine having an engaged position and a disengaged position, a fluid perssure operated output clutch for coupling said driven load and said gear section output shaft having an engaged position and a disengaged position and an automatic operating control for selectively applying fluid pressure to said output clutch.

Abstract: A drive train includes a hydrostatic transmission unit and a multiple speed range transmission unit arranged in series between a prime mover and a primary output shaft, variable displacement and torque transmitting capacity of the hydrostatic transmission unit being adjusted by hydraulic controls including a speed control valve for developing a differential pressure signal proportional to a desired rate of operation, a modulating valve for regulating the differential pressure signal corresponding to accelerating and decelerating operation of the transmission, a directional control valve for determining the direction of operation of the hydrostatic transmission unit, and a range selector valve for shifting the operating speed range of the multiple speed range transmission as the hydrostatic transmission approaches a limit of displacement, the displacement of the hydrostatic transmission being automatically reset in response to shifting of the multiple speed range transmission.

Abstract: An engine speed reducer responsive to positioning of a transmission shift lever which selectively determines the vehicle speed range and its direction of travel includes an apparatus operatively associated with a control linkage for moving it in a direction to decrease the speed of an engine from a predetermined high speed to an intermediate speed. An actuating device is operatively connected to the apparatus and is operative in response to shifting of the transmission shift lever to a reverse speed setting automatically to actuate the apparatus so that the engine speed is reduced.

Abstract: A differential gear mechanism of the side gear type includes the provision of an annular extension from one side gear which provides a housing and a bearing surface for the pinions at the differential. An oscillating weight member is carried by the annular extension. The member senses the occurrence of differential rotation between the side gears and actuates a locking mechanism upon the occurrence of a predetermined degree of differential rotation.The differential as disclosed comprises a transfer case operative to transfer power from the prime mover of a four wheel drive vehicle to its front and rear drive axles.

Abstract: The invention comprises a trigger mechanism providing stepwise linear motion responsive to a shaft rotating above a predetermined rate. The trigger mechanism comprises a rotating shaft having a collar thereabout attached to rotate therewith. Also part of the mechanism are a plurality of arcuate cams mounted within the collar to rotate therewith, each biased with the ends of the arcs thereof adjacent the collar at a normal shaft rotation rate of no more than said predetermined rate and the midpoints of the arcs thereof spaced away from the collar towards the shaft. The midpoints of the arcs are forced centrifugally to adjacent the collar when the shaft rotates above said predetermined rate (at overspeed).

Abstract: A vehicle transmission couples a planetary type reduction section and a multi range speed section by means of a directional drive section. The planetary reduction section provides two underway speed ranges for each speed and direction combination selected in the multi range speed section and directional drive section. The two speed ranges available in the planetary reduction section are obtained through a rotating clutch selectively operable to engage the planet carrier with the input shaft to drive an output sun gear interconnected with the directional drive section, and a brake to stop rotation of the planet carrier relative the input shaft to allow the output sun gear to be driven by planet gears mounted on the planet carrier. Coaxial arrangement of the directional drive section about the input shaft permits direct drive of a power takeoff coupling mounted on the input shaft and further allows mounting of an accessory drive gear on the input shaft.

Abstract: A fan-cooled gear case has a fan located in a recess and a system of cool channels extending over all faces of the gear case, some of the channels being connected to the inlet side of the fan, while others are connected to the outlet side of the fan. Where necessary, the channels are covered over and have their inlets and outlets situated on the opposite side of the casing to the fan. The fan is driven by a shaft of the gearing.

Abstract: A power transmission mechanism includes a hydrokinetic torque converter and a friction clutch disposed to form a positive mechanical drive from the input shaft to the output shaft of the torque converter. The friction clutch includes a piston disposed in the housing and forming opposed fluid chambers one of which includes the converter impeller and turbine disposed therein. An orifice in the piston conducts fluid from one chamber to the other and clutch engagement is controlled by regulating the fluid outflow from the other chamber. Clutch lockup or engagement may be controlled to be responsive to the pressure of fluid flowing into the converter or the difference in the pressure of the fluid flowing in and out of the converter.

Abstract: A synchronous self-shifting toothed clutch, for use between a gas turbine and an electrical generator, of the type comprising an intermediate member which moves helically relative to a rotary clutch part in the direction to interengage the coacting clutch teeth upon passage of the rotary clutch parts through synchronism in one direction of relative rotation, and wherein a dashpot is provided for cushioning the final phase of clutch engagement.The improvement comprises a first ring of locking dogs carried by the said rotary clutch part, and a second ring of locking dogs carried by a control sleeve mounted for axial movement relative to the intermediate member. The dogs of the first ring are alternately short and long, the short dogs being narrower than the long dogs, and the dogs of the second ring are alternately short and long, the short dogs being wider than the long dogs.

Abstract: Power transmission gearing has two countershafts both of which are mounted with virtually no capability of axial movement and drivably connected to a common driving shaft and a common driven shaft by gearing. The gearing which connects the countershafts to the driven shaft conprises a single helical gear of one hand on one of the countershafts, a single helical gear of the other hand on the other of the countershafts, and a double-helical gear assembly on the driven shaft, one toothed zone of the doublehelical gear assembly meshing with one of the single helical gears and the other toothed zone of said assembly meshing with the other of said gears. The double-helical gear assembly is capable of axial movement on the driven shaft to equalize the torque transmitted by each countershaft.

Abstract: A hydraulic control device for use with an automatic speed change gear device for a diesel engine using a torque convertor and an auxiliary speed change gear device. This hydraulic control device is provided with a back pressure control valve controlled by means of a throttle pressure developed in response to a throttle opening, wherein when the throttle opening is smaller than a given opening, a pressure oil having a pressure lower than a line pressure is introduced to an accumulator, and when the throttle opening is greater than the aforesaid given opening, a pressure oil having the same pressure level as that of said line pressure is fed to said accumulator to thereby obtain a desired engaging pressure for said automatic speed change gear device, thus effectively preventing a shock due to a change in speed. This device may also be used with a gasoline engine.

Abstract: Hydraulic controls in a transmission for engaging a clutch for the F-R, or forward or reverse, direction before a clutch for first, second, or third speed. Flow of hydraulic fluid to each direction clutch and to each speed clutch is by way of a reducing valve which modulates fluid pressure in controlled way by throttling the flow. After the power unit for the clutch for the F-R clutches and the power unit for the clutch for first, second or third speed are filled with fluid by the reducing valve, pressure in the power units is then slowly raised by the valve linearly toward is maximum; for this purpose the hydraulic controls are supplied by a single source of hydraulic fluid and operate therefrom to provide a pair of modulated pressure outputs which are maintained with varying differences throughout their range of operation, and which operate the selected one of the F-R clutches and the selected one of the first second or third clutches.

Abstract: A disengage mechanism for a gear drive including rotatable drive and driven members with one of the members having first splines. A drive actuator having second splines and being connected to rotate with one of the members and axially movable with respect thereto between first and second positions. In the first position the first and second splines are engaged and the drive and driven members are connected to rotate together and in the second position the splines are disengaged and the drive and driven members are disconnected. First means are provided for moving the drive actuator to the first position and second means move the actuator to the second position. The first means include a spring which constantly urges the drive actuator to the first position and the second means comprises a rotatable cam member which positively engages the drive actuator to move it to the second position.