Abstract: A data communications network in which multiple host processors are linked in a network by respective network interface systems. The data communications network transmits packet data containing video information. The network interface system includes circuitry which enables it to direct video data values received from the network directly to a frame buffer or preprocessor to the frame buffer in the host processor. The circuitry determines the destination for each packet, frame buffer or main memory, based on an identifier contained in the packet header. Circuitry routes video data directly to a frame buffer memory area or preprocessor to the frame buffer memory area in the host. The network interface system also includes circuitry which enables it to receive video data directly from a camera memory area in a host processor for transmission on the network. Circuitry generates data packets directly from video data held in a camera memory area where the video data was generated by a camera in the host.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tone and color reproduction of print and slide images which are photographed onto color negative film, scanned by a Photo CD negative scanner and transferred onto Photo CD discs is disclosed. The technique incorporates a calibration method for (1) producing color negatives (or slides) using normal scanner calibration targets, (2) producing controlled prints from the negatives, (3) re-photographing the prints (or slides) onto a second color negative film, and (4) performing the normal scanner calibration using this second "cascaded" film. The calibration step not only "compensates for" the second color negative film (as is the case when calibrating for "normal" film exposed from the original scenes) but also "compensates for" the first negative film "print through" (or slide) characteristics.

Abstract: An image signal processing device for processing an image signal is arranged to temporarily store the image signal inputted and a reference signal generated, and, after that, to read out the signals stored. This arrangement enables the signal processing device to accurately add the reference signal to the image signal without deteriorating the reference signal.

Abstract: An electronic still camera comprises a solid state image sensor for outputting a color picture signal corresponding an incident optical image, a signal processor for signal-processing the color picture signal from the solid state image sensor to produce a color still picture signal, a recorder for recording the color still picture signal produced by the signal processor, and a driver for moving at least one of the optical image and the solid state image sensor from an original position in a horizontal direction by a pixel pitch and in an oblique axial direction defined by horizontal and vertical lines extending respectively from the original position in the horizontal and vertical directions by half the pixel pitch.

Abstract: An arrangement for enhancing an image corresponding to a television signal including a digital component includes a variable bandwidth filter and a control unit for controlling the bandwidth of the filter in response to the bit error rate (BER) of the digital component of the television signal. The control unit increases the bandwidth as the BER and therefore the signal quality increases and decreases the bandwidth as the BER and therefore the signal quality decreases. In one embodiment, the control unit is responsive to both the BER and the "darkness" of the image represented by the television signal so as to restrict the bandwidth more for relatively dark areas than for relatively light areas.

Abstract: An anode voltage (high voltage) of a CRT is detected by a voltage division. When it is detected by a comparator that the reduction of the high voltage has exceeded the controlled range of a high voltage stabilizing loop, two switches will be on. When one switch is on, the controlling end of a processing circuit controlling the luminance will be low in the potential and the direct current level or amplitude of a video signal will be limited. Thereby, the luminance will be controlled and the high voltage will become high. Meanwhile, when the other switch is on, the ABL operating voltage will forcibly become low and, even after the two switches become off, the average level of the luminance will be controlled. Thereby, the high voltage will return within a short time into the controlled range of the high voltage stabilizing loop and will be stabilized.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adapter which permits transmission of red, green and blue video signals over separate unshielded twisted wire pairs. Crosstalk is minimized by wideband video chokes coupled to each signal input/output.

Abstract: Adaptive interpolation is performed by apparatus operating upon a digitized image signal obtained from an image sensor having color photosites that generate a plurality of color values, but only one color per photosite. A digital processor obtains gradient values from the differences between luminance values in vertical and horizontal image directions. The gradient values are compared to a programmable threshold in order to select one of the directions as the preferred orientation for the interpolation of additional luminance values. The interpolation is then performed upon values selected to agree with the preferred orientation.

Abstract: A coded video signal encoded into a variable length code is packed into a frame called a cell having a predetermined number of fixed bits for transmission through ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) which is subject to cell loss due to the congestion of network nodes or bit errors in cell headers, causing burst errors or synchronization slips in a received video signal. In order to avoid such errors, one idea for a variable length transmission unit is introduced. A transmission unit has a plurality of cells and any coded video signal terminates in the transmission unit; in other words, a coded video signal is not shared by two transmission units. A transmission unit is closed or terminated during packing operation when the number of available bits in a cell under packing operation becomes less than a predetermined first threshold value and when a cell number in the transmission unit reaches a predetermined second threshold value, so that transmission efficiency is improved.

Abstract: An image pickup device electronically senses an object to be photographed and generates an electronic still image signal. An A/D converter converts the electronic still image signal generated by the image pickup device into a digital signal. An error correction coding section performs error correction coding for the digital signal obtained by the A/D converter. A recording modulation section performs recording modulation of an output from the error correction coding section so as to perform predetermined magnetic recording. A recording section records an output from the recording modulation section on a predetermined magnetic recording medium. Different recording media can be used, such as magnetic and semiconductor, provided on respective imaging sub-systems. A semiconductor imaging sub-system is provided with an I/O controller for establishing compatibility with signals of the magnetic imaging sub-system.

Abstract: Adaptive interpolation is performed by apparatus operating upon a digitized image signal obtained from an image sensor having color photosites that generate a plurality of color values, but only one color per photosite. A digital processor obtains gradient values from the differences between chrominance values in vertical and horizontal image directions. The gradient values are compared with each other in order to select one of the directions as the preferred orientation for the interpolation of additional luminance values. The interpolation is then performed upon values selected to agree with the preferred orientation.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus and method selects a processing mode to be one of a character image processing mode and a picture image processing mode in accordance with an image texture in an original image. The apparatus and method uses a scanner which pre-scans an original image to obtain sampled image data, a judging means discriminates between a character image area and a picture image area in an area of the original image based on an analysis of the sampled image data. The apparatus and method the original image processing mode from a character image processing mode to a picture image processing mode and vice versa based on the discrimination by the judging means.

Abstract: In a method of controlling a picture signal processing mode, first and second motion vectors are determined (ME, D.sub.T) for first and second fields, and a picture signal processing mode control signal is obtained by comparing (D.sub.T, -, COMP-R) the first and second motion vectors. The control signal may be transmitted along with, for example, a HDTV signal to give an indication to a TV receiver whether the signal originated from movie-film or from non-movie-film or be generated within the receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed is a series tuned resonant autotransformer which passes baseband video signals so that more than one non-synchronized channel can be sent over unshielded twisted pair wires sharing a common cable sheath. The transformer includes a trifilar winding configuration with a capacitor, resistor and ground connection coupled between the two secondary windings. The transformer is able to pass a DC signal as well as a balanced output signal over most of the video bandwidth.

Abstract: A video signal processing circuit of a CCD-type color video camera includes a gamma-correcting circuit section, a delay circuit section, a chrominance signal processor and a luminance signal processor. Accordingly, the circuit is configured such that gamma-compensation processing is performed before the separation of the luminance and chrominance signals, and a DC fluctuation due to the gamma-compensation processing is compensated in the luminance signal processor. Thus, horizontal noise caused by the gamma correction can be eliminated, which not only improves picture quality but also enables a reduction in chip size.

Abstract: A video mixing apparatus mixes a graphics video image and a playback video image at a plurality of mixture ratios in one image plane. Fade data indicative of the mixing ratio of at least one line of the playback video signal and the graphics video signal is sequentially generated in accordance with a predetermined order. The fade data is held into holding means and is outputted from the holding means synchronously with a horizontal sync signal. The levels of the playback video signal and the graphics video signal are individually adjusted in accordance with the fade data outputted from the holding means and the adjusted signals are added. The playback video signal and the graphics video signal are mixed at the mixing ratio set every line of one image plane.

Abstract: A differential amplifier formed by a pair of transistor couples a vertical sawtooth signal to an input side of a vertical deflection amplifier. Nonlinearity of the transistor pair provides linearity or S-correction in the vertical direction. The amplitude of the sawtooth signal is adjusted by way of adjusting a vertical height control signal. To compensate for a change in the S-correction that is introduced by the amplitude adjustment, the vertical height control signal is coupled to the emitters of the transistor pairs for controlling the nonlinearity.

Abstract: A color optical scanner for generating data representative of a color image of an object which is scanned including: a linear sensor array located on an image plane for generating a data signal indicative of the intensity of light impinged thereon and having sensor sampling intervals of a predetermined length; an imaging assembly for imaging a moving scan area on the object containing a plurality of scan lines on an image plane and for defining an imaging light path extending from the scan area on the object to the image plane; a color wheel positioned along the imaging light path and having an axis of rotation extending transversely of the light path and having a plurality of faces adapted to be sequentially rotated into intersecting relationship with the light path; a plurality of the faces including a plurality of filter portions of different spectral range transmissibility which are sequentially rotated into intersecting relationship with the light path during different color imaging intervals having dura

Abstract: A system for converting a continuous tone value to an output value having either a first level or a second level develops a first error based upon the application of a separable filter to an output value having a first level assumed for the continuous tone value undergoing conversion. A second error is developed based upon the application of the separable filter to an output value having a second level assumed for the continuous tone value undergoing conversion. If the first error is greater than the second error, the continuous tone value is converted to the output value having the second level. Otherwise, the continuous tone value is converted to the output value having the first level. The resulting error is diffused in a predetermined manner to neighboring continuous tone values yet to be converted.

Abstract: The invention concerns the measurement of the radiant density of electron beams from shadow mask tubes. According to a known process, the beam is displaced on the screen and pictures are taken of the light spot areas, as they are detected by the effect of apertures when the beam has been displaced. The pictures are then evaluated with respect to their luminance distribution. This process requires an extraordinary number of adjustments.