Abstract: A method for preparing one or more dimethylnaphthalenes from one or more dimethyltetralins, and optionally for preparing one or more other specific dimethylnaphthalenes by isomerization of the aforesaid dimethylnaphthal-dimethylnaphthalene(s) is disclosed.

Abstract: Branched beta cyclodextrins are purified and separated sequentially from solution by passing a solution containing branched beta cyclodextrins through a column containing a matrix on which an inclusion compound has been bound. The process is carried out under ambient conditions at a neutral pH.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is a cadmium-manganese oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A process for crystallizing an aqueous fructose feed stream uses an alcohol mixture which may be crystallized in either a vacuum evaporator chamber or a cooled atmospheric pressure crystallizer. Various cooling cycles are described. When the atmospheric pressure crystallizer is used, the mixture is stirred continuously; therefore, the temperature of the mixture is held low enough to cause crystals to form, but also high enough not to be too viscous to stir and pump.

Abstract: The lipid content, i.e. "cane wax", is extracted from cane molasses by the steps of:(a) adjusting the cane molasses with sufficient alkali to pH 8.0 and 12.4;(b) adding to the pH adjusted molasses a lower alcohol in an amount to provide an alcohol concentration in the range of between 85 and 60 Vol % while heating to 60.degree. C..+-.10.degree. C., and removing the resultant residual solids as a sludge to yield a clarified liquid;(c) reducing the alcohol concentration of the clarified liquid to 50-15 Vol %;(d) adjusting the temperature of the resultant liquid to 45.degree. C..+-.10.degree. C. and then cooling the same to a temperature 20.degree. C..+-.15.degree. C. and efficient to precipitate the lipids therefrom; and(e) recovering the precipitated lipids routinely by isolation or filtration.

Abstract: Glucose is separated from mixtures with mannose and other saccharides by adsorption on low aluminum Y-type zeolites, i.e., having up to about 50 atoms of aluminum per unit cell and desorbing the adsorbate with water. Glucose is removed from the adsorption process in the raffinate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering sugar, sugar alcohol and organic acids comprising citric, malic and quinic acids from a juice extracted from almond hulls. Residues from the extraction is also recovered.

Abstract: A synergistic combination of high-shear mechanical disruption and alkali pretreatment in a high solids reaction mixture constitutes a significant improvement in the alkaline peroxide treatment of lignocellulosic materials. The simultaneous application of these conditions greatly reduces the amounts of reagents otherwise required, and also eliminates the waste stream of liquid byproducts. Suitable sources of substrate treatable by this process include nonwoody plant parts, crop residues, and agricultural byproducts. The products of this treatment are nontoxic and characterized by high cellulose availability. These products are thereby useful as carbohydrate sources in ruminant feeds, as microbial feedstocks, and as sources of dietary fiber for humans and other monogastrics.

Abstract: A process for recovering unreacted sucrose from a reaction mixture of sucrose and a fatty acid alkyl ester in an organic solvent as reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst in the production of a sucrose fatty acid ester which comprises adjusting the reaction mixture from which a part of the organic solvent as reaction medium may be previously removed and to which water is added, to a neutral pH region, adding a neutral salt and sucrose to the reaction mixture to precipitate the sucrose fatty acid ester, filtering off the precipitate, and bringing the filtrate into contact with a reverse osmosis membrane to recover the unreacted sucrose. According to the invention, unreacted sucrose can be easily recovered, while the sucrose fatty acid ester not contaminated with the organic solvent as reaction medium can be obtained from the reaction mixture without using an organic solvent for purification.

Abstract: A process for producing corn fiber having a high total dietary fiber content. A dilute aqueous slurry of the corn fiber obtained from the corn wet-millng process is separated by means of a hydroclone to give a fiber fraction of enhanced total dietary fiber content. This fiber fraction may then be passed into a centrifual paddle screen to give a product of even higher total dietary fiber content.

Abstract: A plurality of reactors, which can all be interconnected selectively by way of pipes, are used for the hydrolytic separation of a cellulose-containing substrate so that a stepwise pressure reduction in one reactor is made possible and thus a stepwise pressure build-up in all the other reactors. The steam entering and leaving the reactors is used to produce a fluidized bed of the substrate. A high output with a low specific expenditure of energy is achieved by these measures.

Abstract: Trialkyl arsines are removed from fluids, in particular gases, by contacting with a solid sorbent material containing at least one manganese oxide (preferably MnO.sub.2) and at least one Group IB metal oxide (preferably CuO). In a preferred feature, the used solid sorbent material is regenerated by oxidizing treatment, washing with an aqueous liquid, and drying.

Abstract: Gasoline octane number and yield are improved while excess fuel gas production is decreased in a catalytic cracking process by integrating etherification and oxygenate/aliphatic upgrading processes into the catalytic cracking unit product fractionation section.

Abstract: A process and reactor apparatus are disclosed for upgrading paraffinic feedstocks to olefinic and/or aromatic products. Hydrogen diffuses through a selectively permeable membrane from the reaction zone into a combustion zone where it reacts exothermically with an oxygen-containing fluid to supply at least a portion of the endothermic heat of reaction for the paraffin upgrading process. Additionally, in-situ separation of by-product hydrogen from the reactant mixture in the reaction zone increases yield of valuable olefinic and aromatic products.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of preparation for a lubricant mixture having enhanced viscosity index comprising:(a) a low viscosity C.sub.20 -C.sub.60 lubricant range liquid comprising substantially linear hydrocarbons prepared by shape selective catalysis of lower olefin with medium pore acid zeolite catalyst to provide substantially linear liquid olefinic intermediates or C.sub.20.sup.+ hydrogenated lubricants, said lubricant range liquid having a kinematic viscosity of about 2-10 cS at 100.degree. C.; and(b) at least one poly(alpha-olefin) having viscosity greater than 20 cS and viscosity index improvement properties.

Abstract: A known method for passivating contaminant metals on an FCC catalyst comprises treating the catalyst with a sufficient amount of a sulfur-containing compound capable of associating with the contaminant metals when in contact therewith. An improvement comprises contacting the catalyst with the sulfur-containing compound for at least 3 seconds. In another embodiment of the invention, the improvement comprises contacting the catalyst with the sulfur-containing compound in a separate treatment vessel.

Abstract: There is provided a new and useful honey product and a process for the preparation thereof, the process comprising adding a predetermined quantity of seed honey to a mass of honey, treating the mass of honey a first time to physically break up crystal groups, holding the mass of honey a first time for a predetermined period to allow crystallization, treating the crystallized honey at least one additional time to physically break up crystal groups, and holding the honey a second time for a predetermined period.

Abstract: Amylase treated granular starches provide a microporous matrix material adapted for absorption and releasable containment of functional compositions. The microporous starch granules are chemically derivatized to enhance absorptive and structural properties. Absorbed functional substances are released from the microporous starch matrix under the influence of mechanical compression, by diffusion into a surrounding fluid or as a result of degradation of the granular starch matrix.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of a new improved form of crystalline silicate identified as zeolite ZSM-11 as a catalyst component for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for selectively synthesizing the para-isomer of alkylbiphenyl in the alkylation of biphenyl with propylene or butene, employing zeolite having a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of not less than 10, as a catalyst.