Abstract: A smoking article is provided, having opposed lighting and mouth ends, and including a mouth end portion at the mouth end. A tobacco portion is between the lighting end and the mouth end portion. An aerosol-generation system is between the lighting end and the tobacco portion. The aerosol-generation system includes a heat generation portion, comprising an elongate fluted member actuated by ignition of the lighting end. The fluted member defines grooves extending longitudinally between opposed first and second ends, with the first end being at the lighting end and the grooves being equidistantly spaced apart about the fluted member. Each groove has a maximum depth. The depth maxima of the grooves define a circle having a radius. The maximum depth of each groove is no more than the radius of the circle. A heat generation apparatus for an aerosol-generation system of a smoking article is also provided.

Abstract: A method of melting glass and glass-ceramics that includes the steps: conveying a batch of raw materials into a submerged combustion melting apparatus, the melting apparatus having liquid-cooled walls and a floor; directing a flame into the batch of raw materials and the melted batch with sufficient energy to form the raw materials into the melted batch; and heating a delivery orifice assembly in the floor of the submerged melting apparatus to convey the melted batch through the orifice assembly into a containment vessel. The melted batch has a glass or glass-ceramic composition that is substantially reactive to a refractory material comprising one or more of silica, zirconia, alumina, platinum and platinum alloys.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for filling and packing herb receptacles with herb material. For example, a method of filling and packing herb receptacles is provided which includes supporting the herb receptacles in space on a vibrating platform with the aid of a support structure having a plurality of holding apertures; dosing herb material into the herb receptacles; repositioning the vibrating platform from a loading configuration to a packing configuration to lift the herb receptacles with the herb material relative to the support structure; and packing the herb receptacles with the herb material with the vibrating platform in the packing configuration.

Abstract: A method of fining low-density submerged combustion glass is disclosed. The method involves introducing unfined molten glass produced in a submerged combustion melter into a fining chamber of a downstream fining tank. Additionally, additive particles are also introduced into the fining chamber to release one or more fining agents into the molten glass bath contained in the fining chamber to accelerate the removal of bubbles from the molten glass bath. The fining of the molten glass bath as assisted by the one or more fining agents allows for fined glass to be discharged from the fining tank that has fewer bubbles and a greater density than that of the unfined molten glass introduced into the fining tank. Additive particles that include a physical mixture of a glass reactant material and the fining agent(s) are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing glass preforms for optical fibers includes a reaction chamber surrounding a deposition region, a holding device for holding a target rod within said deposition region, one or a plurality of deposition burners positioned below said deposition region and configured to direct a high temperature flow of forming glass particles toward said target rod, a hood positioned opposite to the deposition burners with respect to said holding device and configured for discharging soot of un-deposited glass particles, said hood including at least one exhaust port provided at a first end portion thereof and side panels extending from a second end portion thereof toward said first end portion. At least a portion of the side panels of the hood is gas permeable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to derive a medical form body of lithium silicate glass ceramic. To increase its strength it is proposed that in the form body comprising lithium silicate glass or containing lithium silicate glass the lithium ions are replaced by alkali ions of greater diameter to generate a surface compressive stress. To this end the form body is covered with a melt containing an alkali metal for which an aliquoted quantity of salt containing the alkali metal is used.

Abstract: A method for joining an optical part made of quartz glass and a supporting part made of ceramic includes forming a metal layer on a surface of the supporting part by electroless plating, polishing the formed metal layer with a polishing pad to form a first smoothed face on the supporting part surface, polishing a surface of the optical part with the polishing pad to form a second smoothed face, cleaning the first smoothed face and the second smoothed face with ultrasonic cleaning water, forming a first metal film on the first smoothed face by vapor deposition and forming a second metal film on the second smoothed face by vapor deposition, and joining the first metal film and the second metal film to each other by interatomic joining by atomic diffusion between the faces at which the first metal film and the second metal film contact with each other.

Abstract: A method of reducing the volume of float bath atmosphere lost from an opening in the exit end of the float bath is described. The method comprises directing a first jet of fluid having a first jet velocity followed by a second jet velocity towards a plane a conveyance for a float glass ribbon. An obstruction in the path of the first jet of fluid causes the jet to change from the second to a third jet velocity. The obstruction may be a portion of a roller positioned outside the opening or a float glass ribbon that has been formed on a surface of molten metal contained in the float bath that has subsequently been transferred through the opening. A float bath having sealing means to reduce atmosphere loss from an exit of the float bath is also described, as is an assembly useful in carrying out the aforementioned methods.

Abstract: An antimicrobial strengthened glass and a preparation process thereof. The antimicrobial strengthened glass made from components including 30-50 parts of silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts of epoxy resin, 10-20 parts of titanium dioxide, 5-15 parts of nano bismuth oxide, 8-12 parts of boron oxide, 4-8 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 2-6 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-3 parts of sodium oxide, 1-3 parts of manganese dioxide, 5-15 parts of graphite powder, 1-3 parts of barium sulfate, 2-4 parts of calcium hexaluminate, 1-3 parts of sodium fluorosilicate, 2-4 parts of borax decahydrate, 3-5 parts of sodium oxalate, 1-2 parts of sodium phosphate, 1-3 parts of sodium carbonate, 1-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 1-2 parts of potassium carbonate, 1-5 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 1-5 parts of acrylamide, 0.01-1 part of silver nitrate and 0.01-1 parts of zinc sulfate.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to consumable products incorporating a matrix of cultured tobacco cells. Any tobacco variety may be utilized for establishing in vitro tobacco cultures, including native tobacco varieties and genetically modified tobacco varieties derived from any tobacco variety. Various embodiments are directed to methods for producing tobacco products incorporating cellular material and/or extracts derived from tobacco cells cultured in vitro.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for drying and consolidating an optical fibre preform in a furnace tube comprising a heating chamber, wherein an extension tube having an extension chamber configured to house at least a length portion of the preform is removably joined to the furnace tube and the drying process starts with the preform not completely inserted into the furnace tube, an upper length portion of the preform being surrounded by the extension tube joint to the furnace tube.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing glass, a mixture of solid glass-forming materials may be melted by application of heat from one or more submerged combustion burners to produce a volume of unrefined molten glass comprising, by volume, 20% to 40% gas bubbles. A refining agent may be introduced into the unrefined molten glass to promote gas bubble removal from the molten glass. The unrefined molten glass including the refining agent may be heated at a temperature in the range of 1200° C. to 1500° C. to produce a volume of refined molten glass. The refined molten glass may comprise, by volume, fewer gas bubbles than the unrefined molten glass. A colorant material may be introduced into the refined molten glass to produce a volume of molten glass having a final desired color.

Abstract: A method for filling an aerosol generating product includes: preparing a tube body of the aerosol generating product; filling a filter element into the tube body, wherein the filter element is adjacent to a near-lip end of the tube body; installing a blocking and flow guide element from a far-lip end of the tube body; installing a fuming unit from the far-lip end of the tube body, where the fuming unit is located at the far-lip end of the tube body; and sealing the far-lip end of the tube body, and forming a sealing part on an end face of the far-lip end of the tube body. In the new method, each component is successively filled from the near-lip end to the far-lip end of the aerosol generating product, thereby effectively avoiding the pollution caused by the fuming unit on the tube body during the filling of the fuming unit.

Abstract: An optical fiber manufacturing method includes: drawing an optical fiber preform to form a bare optical fiber; cooling the bare optical fiber by a non-contact direction changer; adjusting a temperature of the bare optical fiber in a temperature adjusting unit disposed downstream of the non-contact direction changer and upstream of a coating unit; disposing, in the coating unit, an uncured coating layer that comprises a resin precursor on an outer periphery of the bare optical fiber; and curing the uncured coating layer in a curing unit.

Abstract: An optical fiber manufacturing method includes: drawing an optical fiber preform to form a bare optical fiber; cooling the bare optical fiber; coating an uncured coating layer that includes a resin precursor on an outer periphery of the bare optical fiber; curing the uncured coating layer to form a semi-cured coating layer; further curing the semi-cured coating layer; and cooling the semi-cured coating layer by at least one non-contact direction changer between the curing of the uncured coating layer and the curing of the semi-cured coating layer.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating device includes a housing having a first end defining a mouthpiece, a second end, and a cavity defined between the first end and the second end. The device also includes a reservoir within the cavity. The reservoir is configured to store a liquid aerosol-forming substrate. The device also includes an atomizer and a valve within the mouthpiece of the housing. The valve has a first side and an second side. The second side of the valve includes a hydrophilic coating, a hydrophobic coating, or both a hydrophilic coating and a hydrophobic coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a quartz glass body comprising the process steps i.) Providing a silicon dioxide granulate, ii.) Making a glass melt from the silicon dioxide granulate in a melting crucible, and iii.) Making a quartz glass body from at least a part of the glass melt, wherein the melting crucible is comprised in an oven and is made of at least one material comprising tungsten or molybdenum or a combination thereof. The invention further relates to a quartz glass body which can be obtained by this process. Further, the invention relates to a light guide, an illuminant and a formed body, each of which can be obtained by processing the quartz glass body further.

Abstract: An optical fiber manufacturing method includes a process of passing a glass fiber through a fiber path before applying a resin. The glass fiber is drawn from a glass preform, the fiber path is formed through a cooling tube, and the cooling tube is housed in a casing and is cooled by a coolant. The process includes supplying a dry gas into a dry space formed between the casing and the cooling tube. The dry gas has a first dew point lower than the temperature of the cooling tube. The process includes measuring, by a dew point meter, a second dew point at one or both of an inlet and an outlet of the fiber path. The process includes controlling the temperature of the coolant in the cooling tube such that the temperature of the cooling tube is higher than the second dew point measured by the dew point meter.

Abstract: A process for producing a glass article is provided that includes, in order, a first process step in which a surface of the glass article has a temperature of at least 400° C. for at least some of the time, a second process step in which the surface of the glass article has a temperature of more than 10° C. and less than 100° C. and the surface is brought into contact with water or water vapor and the surface of the glass article is supplied with an amount of water which corresponds to a water layer thickness of from 1 to 100 ?m, and a third process step in which the glass article is processed further with contact of the surface with foreign materials or other glass articles.

Abstract: An optical fiber manufacturing method includes: coating an outer periphery of a bare optical fiber with a resin before curing by a coating device; and curing the resin with a coating curing device. The following equations are satisfied: t×sin ?>T1× tan ? and ?=tan?1 (d/L), where T1 is a tension in the upstream of the coating device, t is the shear force applied to the bare optical fiber by the resin, d is the design maximum value of a deviation amount of an entry position of the bare optical fiber into the resin in the coating device with respect to the center axis of the die hole of the coating device, and L is the contact length between the resin and the bare optical fiber in the coating device along the center axis.