Abstract: A memory device capable of storing a time element. The memory device includes: i) a threshold element outputting a voltage output when a gate voltage reaches a threshold voltage; ii) two inputs capacitive coupling connected to a gate of the threshold element; iii) the first RC circuit connected to the first input of the two inputs capacitive coupling; iv) the first RC circuit charging capacitance by the constant number in the predetermined time through the predetermined reference voltage inputs; v) the charging voltage of the capacitance inputted into the two inputs capacitive coupling, and vi) an output of the threshold element connected to a memory element whose parameter is time.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device operable for reading and writing in a normal mode and in a test mode is divided into memory cell sections each having blocks of memory cells. Data bus lines are connected to the respective blocks, and switches interconnect data bus lines connected to blocks of the different sections. The switch are made conductive during reading and writing in the normal mode and during writing in the test mode, and nonconductive during reading in the test mode. Input data are applied onto the data bus lines connected to one of the blocks for writing in the blocks of the sections simultaneously during writing in the normal mode and in the test mode. In the normal mode, data are read out of the blocks of the sections through the data bus lines connected to the above-mentioned one of the blocks. In the test mode, the data are read out of the blocks of the sections through the data bus lines connected to the respective blocks.

Abstract: A clocked first-in first-out (FIFO) memory includes interleaved dual-port static random access memories (SRAM's) 32 and 36. The FIFO has status flags 44 to indicate empty and full conditions and two programmable flags, almost full and almost empty, to indicate when a selected number of words is stored in memory. In accordance with the present invention, the FIFO has retransmit capability, allowing previously read data to be accessed again. The FIFO is put in retransmit mode by providing a retransmit mode (RTM) input signal. This event causes the current read address stored in the read address registers 52 and 54, the interleave status in toggle circuit 22, the data in the data output latches 18 and 20 and in the pipeline latch 42, and the status flags 44, to be saved in shadow registers 64, 66, 24, (30, 62, 70, 116 and 120.

Abstract: To ensure ignition of a high-pressure discharge lamp, for example a metal vapor halogen high-pressure dicharge lamp which has an ignition circuit, and is operated by direct current from an inverter circuit controlled for pulse width modulation, current flow to the lamp is extended in time upon initial energization thereof so that an initial hot spot which forms on an electrode can remain hot to establish a stabilized arc. This extension of current flow can be obtained by an R/C circuit in parallel to the output or storage capacitor (C.sub.A) of the inverter circuit (FIG. 1) or by an NTC resistor (H) in series with the lamp, or by a resistor which is short-circuited by a relay contact as the lamp operates, or the like.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device having a plurality of memory cells disposed in the form of a matrix with column switch circuits and an address transition detecting circuit. The column switch circuits are each provided for each of said bit line pairs with their one end connected to a corresponding bit line pair and their other end connected to a data line pair for changing the potential difference between the lines of the data line pair according to the potential difference between the lines of the corresponding bit line pair. Each switch circuit is selectively activated according to a column address decoder signal and an output pulse signal of the address transition detecting circuit.

Abstract: In a redundant memory device, the redundant memory device is provided which is characterized in that the supply of a driving pulse to a comparison and selection device which generates an activating pulse of a reserve row/column in response to the result of comparison of the address of a defective memory cell and an input address code can be programmed so as to be inhibited for a surplus comparison and selection device during the inspection process. By this arrangement, the power consumption in the comparison and selection device can be reduced, and high level of integration of the memory chip can be facilitated accordingly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spatially-adjustable supporting frame for a surgical microscope unit which can be selectively locked in any adjusted position. The frame includes a hinged parallelogram which can be pivoted about a bearing supported on a column. The hinged parallelogram carries a second structure in the form of a coupled-hinge parallelogram which, in turn, carries the surgical microscope. Two counterweights are independently adjustable along paths parallel with two adjacent sides of the hinged parallelogram to permit the continuous balancing of the weight of the surgical microscope.

Abstract: A crossed-field triode discharge type ion generating apparatus, containing a vacuum container, a magnetic field generating unit, a positive pole having a hollow part, a first negative pole, a second negative pole having an ion injecting hole, a control electrode, and a means of giving the highest electric potential among ones for all the electrodes to the positive pole and higher electric potential than ones for the first negative pole and the second negative pole to the control electrode, has at least either of the control electrode or the second negative pole constructed out of a cylinder possessing a through hole coaxial with the hollow part of the positive pole and a platelike part provided on one end of the cylinder, the cylinder being provided with a part made of at least one kind of metal belonging to a group of metals including vanadium, chrome, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum and tungsten and at least one of the control electrode, the first negative pole or the second negative pole being also provided

Abstract: A rapid start fluorescent system which has its starting capacitance connected to a tap on the secondary of the ballast transformer which tap is located at a predetermined number of turns of the secondary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a particle source with which positive, negative, and neutral particles can be generated and applied on a substrate. The particle source comprises a container (26) in which a gas or gas mixture to be ionized is held. Into this container (26) an electromagnetic wave irradiates which preferably is a microwave. A torus-shaped magnetic field, which is generated with the aid of permanent magnets (32, 33) or electromagnets, simultaneously projects into the container (26). With the aid of a special control grid configuration (38, 39, 40) it becomes possible to draw off positive, negative or neutral particles from the container (26).