Abstract: A monolithic catalyst bed for use in a catalytic gas generator includes catalytically-active metal screens having central openings and being composed of fine particles of catalyst supported by wires arranged in grid-like fashion. The bed also includes an injector tube having an end portion disposed through the central openings of the metal screens for mounting the metal screens in closely spaced side-by-side, stack-like relation extending outwardly from and radially about the tube end portion. The injector tube end portion is closed at its outer end and defines a passage for receiving an axial inflow of liquid propellant. The bed also includes an injector body supporting the injector tube and disposed at one end of the stack of metal screens, and a base plate mounted about the injector tube end portion adjacent to the closed outer end thereof and disposed at an opposite end of the stack of metal screens so as to define an annular space therebetween and about the injector tube end portion.

Abstract: A transfer device including means for movement of samples from a plurality of sites of a first separation to a plurality of sites of a second, different, separation, said means comprising a plurality of sampling elements capable of movement with respect to one another between said first separation and said second separation.The sample transfer device is particularly suited to the transfer of blood samples in blood grouping or other determinations.A method of sample transfer is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of and apparatus for reducing the level of extremely small catalyst particles ("fines") in an FCC system by temporarily retaining particles separated from the secondary cyclone separator in a reactor vessel or catalyst regenerator. These particles can be intermittently withdrawn from the temporary retaining area in order to achieve particle flow at a low volume rate, which takes them out of the active catalyst inventory within the reactor/regenerator system. The intermittent withdrawing of catalyst "fines" reduces the particulate contamination both in flue gas exhausted to the atmosphere from the catalyst regenerator and in the main column bottom (MCB) products from the fractionation stage. Preferred embodiments include intermittent withdrawal of "fines" from either the regenerator or the reactor vessels and the secondary cyclones contained in each of these vessels.

Abstract: Improvements in apparatus for performing an assay to determine the presence or amount of a substance in a test sample, which apparatus comprises means for dispensing one or more reagents from containment means therefor into a reaction vessel and means for dispensing the sample from a sample container into said vessel for reaction with the reagents during performance of the assay, are disclosed. The improvements reside in the apparatus further comprising containment means for the reagents integral and in combination with the sample container and the reaction vessel.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically pipetting reagents which avoid contamination of the reagents. The reagents are withdrawn from a reagent bottle via a pipette tip which is unique to a particular reagent. The pipette tip is moved to a cuvette where the reagent is dispensed and then returned to rest in the cap of the reagent bottle. The apparatus for carrying out the method includes a pump, pipette pick-up device, reagent bottle cap and bottle rack.

Abstract: A feeding device for introducing liquid or gaseous media into the analysis path of an analyzing apparatus includes a feeder element which cooperates in an initial position with a feed opening for calibrating or cleansing media and which may by brought into one or more sample feed positions. The feeder element is fastened by means of chain pins to a driven link chain which is guided by a guide pulley, the chain permitting the feeder element to be moved from the initial position and then tilted into a sample feed position upon contact of the feeder element with the guide pulley.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for automatic microbatch reaction including a reactor having a reaction chamber, such as a 1.5 milliliter plastic centrifuge tube having a conical bottom. An automatically actuated injection valve is used to inject less than 1 milliliter of a sample into the reaction chamber. One or more automatically actuated reagent valves are used to introduce respective pressurized reagents into the reaction chamber to process the sample. The volume of the reagent(s) introduced into the reaction chamber is less than 1 milliliter and controlled by the on time of the respective reagent valve. The automatically actuated valves are controlled by a computer based timer. A sensor positioned in the chamber, such as a pH electrode, can be used to analyze the processed sample in place or the processed sample can be analyzed by flowing it from the reaction chamber through a flow-through detector, such as a flow-through spectrophotometer.

Abstract: The automatic analyzer relating to the invention is characterized in that since drive and control of the automatic analyzer and storage of the measuring data are realizable on the IC card, operability of such kind of automatic analyzer is sharply simplified, the system can be miniaturized substantially to a low cost, moreover, in case the automatic analyzer gets damaged, portion and cause of the damage can be found easily and quickly.

Abstract: An apparatus for cracking hydrocarbon with hot particulate solids wherein a curtain of hot particulate solids is delivered to a thermal reactor through peripheral openings and hydrocarbon feed is delivered to the reactor through the curtain of hot particulate solids at an angle.

Abstract: An indexing method and means for a sample support having multiple sample holders organized in rows and columns is disclosed. A cover with an opening therein slides over sidewalls surrounding at least part of the sample support. This covers a portion of the holders while allowing access to another portion. Stepped edges may be also provided to support multiple sample supports. Another embodiment provides symbols along one sidewall abutting the sample support and a second set of symbols along a guide member slidable over the sample support. These symbols are aligned with rows and columns of the sample support providing for indexing of any one sample holder. This device and method may be combined with a second component for second sample support having matching symbols, allowing for cross-indexing of the sample holders to one another.

Abstract: In conventional devices for feeding an analyzing apparatus with different media, comprising a feeder unit with fittings for the media to be introduced, the individual media travel different paths between the input opening and the measuring chambers, which will result in different conditions of measurement for calibrating media and sample media. The invention eliminates this drawback by providing the feeder unit 1 with input elements 6, by placing the sample input opening 4 on a supporting piece 3 which may be moved by a control unit 17, and by providing that each input element 6 may be brought into sealing contact with the sample input opening 4 subsequent to a rotatory motion of the supporting piece 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for carrying out an analytical determination by mixing and incubating a sample solution with at least one reagent and measuring a parameter in the reaction mixture, the sample solution being transported from an application point to a measurement point, wherein a sample solution is first transported to a soluble dry reagent, with at least partial dissolving of the latter, and then further transported to a measurement point, the transport taking place by two different forces, whereby, at least on a part of the transport path, it is brought about by a surface force acting on the solution as a first force, which, for the regulation of the transport velocity or transport direction, is superimposed by a centrifugal force and/or pressure force as a second force which, depending upon which transport state of the fluid is to be adjusted, is made greater or smaller than the first force.

Abstract: Tetrabromobisphenol-A is made in high purity by adding a methanol-bromine solution to a methanol-bisphenol-A solution with vigorous agitation. Use of the bromine-methanol solution reduces the amount of by-products compared to the use of liquid bromine feed to a methanol-bisphenol-A solution. The process is readily adapted to large scale equipment by circulating the reaction mixture from the reaction vessel through an external closed loop which includes an impingement mixer. The bromine-methanol feed is pumped at the proper rate and ratio into the impingement mixture whereby it impinges with the circulating reaction mixture. The resultant bromination mixture is then returned to the reaction vessel.

Abstract: An automatic chemical analyzer having a plurality of reaction tubes which are mounted on a first turntable and held in a first circle. A first motor drives the first turntable such that the reaction tubes move along the first circle. A sampling nozzle distributes a sample to the reaction tubes. A plurality of first reagent vessels containing different reagents of a first group are mounted on a second turntable and held in a second circle concentric with the first circular path. A second motor drives the second turntable such that the first reagent vessels move along the second circle. A plurality of second reagent vessels containing different reagents of a second group are fixedly held in a third circle intersecting with the first and second circular paths. A reagent-distributing nozzle is moved along the third circle, thereby to distribute a reagent to the reaction tubes from any one of the first reagent vessels or any one of the second reagent vessels, or both.

Abstract: An improved process and regenerator suited for the regeneration of coke contaminated catalysts. Such coke contaminated catalysts are formed during the fluidized bed cracking of crude oil derived feed stocks into motor fuels and other distillates. The improved regenerator is equipped with an upper combustion zone for oxidizing carbon present on the catalyst to carbon dioxide and water and a lower cooling zone wherein hot catalyst is transported from the upper combustion zone to the lower cooling zone through a substantially vertical conduit for indirect heat exchange contact with a coolant for reducing the temperature thereof. The cooled catalyst is returned to the upper combustion zone. Air is used to fluidize the cracking catalyst in the lower cooling zone and is vented to the upper combustion zone and used as a source of oxidizing gas.

Abstract: A wheel-like apparatus for the generation of whirling flow and a fluidized bed under zero gravity conditions having spokes which contain at least one reaction chamber for solid particles. Gas is fed into the chamber in radial inward direction for fluidizing action of the particles against any centrifugal force while liquid is sprayed into the chamber radially inwardly or outwardly. Gas plus vaporized liquid is extracted from the chamber in radial inner points and the gas is circulated back after separating the vapor from the gas.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for cooling FCC catalyst that provides two modes of operation for a remote heat exchanger type cooler. In the first mode the exchanger is operated in a backmix fashion where catalyst is circulated between the cooler and a disengagement zone. Regenerated catalyst is withdrawn from an outlet located close to the heat exchanger inlet so that essentially all of the heat removed by the cooler serves to reduce the temperature of catalyst entering the reaction zone. This mode of operation is particularly useful in obtaining a benefit from the cooler when processing light to moderate FCC feeds. In the second mode, the exchanger is operated in a flow through mode where hot catalyst is withdrawn from the disengaging zone cooled in the exchanger and passed into the combustion zone. The second mode of operation is used to withdraw heat from the overall regeneration process in the case of heavy FC feedstock conversion.

Abstract: For the determination of a reaction partner of an immunological reaction according to the principle of immunoassay, the reaction partner to be determined is brought into contact with a marked specific receptor R.sub.1 and at least 1 unmarked receptor R.sub.2, one of the unmarked receptors R.sub.2 being bonded on a solid phase by a binding-capable substance R.sub.3. In order to determine the sample blank value, the unmarked receptor R.sub.2, which is bonded by the receptor fixed on the solid phase, is then replaced by another unmarked receptor R'.sub.2 which does not react with the reaction partner of R.sub.2 to be determined.

Abstract: In the desulfurization of flue gas utilizing limestone as absorbent in a double loop system, in which the flue gas is introduced into a quenching zone for contact with a first slurry of the limestone, and thereafter passes to an absorbing zone for further contact with a second limestone slurry, the two slurries being supplied from a mixing zone into which water and limestone are charged, and in which air is introduced into the quenching zone to convert the calcium sulfite present in it to gypsum, air is also supplied to the mixing zone to convert calcium sulfite in it to gypsum, and limestone is directly added to the quenching zone.

Abstract: A sample handling unit for centrifugation apparatus, especially for cytocentrifugation to produce cell monolayers is disclosed. The sample handling unit is adapted for automated protective processing, e.g. fixation, of matter deposited on a slide during the centrifugation operation. For this purpose the unit has a body defining a deposition chamber, and a treatment fluid reservoir communicating with the deposition chamber via a buffer chamber and a flow path including a weir so arranged that in the position for centrifugation, treatment fluid such as fixative placed in the reservoir is retained therein until centrifugation produces an artificial gravitational field that causes the fluid to flow to the buffer chamber in which it is then retained by the weir for so long as the artificial gravitational field is maintained. Upon decay of that field the fluid flows over the weir towards the deposition chamber.