Abstract: N,N'-Bridged-bis[(O and/or N-substituted)-2-alkyl-2-hydroxyethylamines] of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by condensing an epoxide of the formula ##STR2## and a diamine of the formula R'NH--X--NHR'. The products and dicarbanilates, acid-addition salts, N,N'-dioxides and N,N'-diammonium quaternary salts derived therefrom have antibacterial activity in vitro and are useful as antibacterial agents.

Abstract: There are prepared compounds of the formulae ##STR1## where R and R.sup.1 are saturated alkyl groups in which the sum of the carbon atoms in the two alkyl groups is 4 to 30 carbon atoms and wherein one of R and R.sup.1 can be hydrogen,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl with one to five carbon atoms, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, benzyl,o-,m- or p-methylbenzyl, o-,m- or p-chlorobenzyl, o-,m- or p-bromobenzyl, aminoalkyl (C.sub.2 to C.sub.6), preferably aminoalkyl (C.sub.2 and C.sub.3), alkyl (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5)-aminoalkyl (C.sub.2 to C.sub.6), 2-hydroxyethyl-aminoalkyl (C.sub.2 to C.sub.6), 2-hydroxypropyl-aminoalkyl (C.sub.2 to C.sub.6) or 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl-aminoalkyl (C.sub.2 to C.sub.6),R.sup.3 in case the compound is present as the ammonium salt is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, andX- is a monovalent, inorganic or organic acid group or one equivalent of a polybasic inorganic or organic group.

Abstract: A fuel composition, preferably for use in internal combustion engines, comprising a water-in-oil emulsion of (a) a hydrocarbon fuel, such as gasoline, diesel fuel or fuel oil; (b) water; (c) preferably a water-soluble alcohol; and (d) a novel combination of surface-active agents to provide a clear composition which is stable against phase separation over a wide range of temperatures.

Abstract: The title compounds correspond to formulas O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup..sym.).sub.2.2HSO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. and )--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup..sym.).sub.2 SO.sub.4.sup..crclbar.. They are prepared by (A) reacting by contacting HOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup..sym. HSO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. with .sup..sym. NH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid at a temperature greater than about 140.degree. C, thereby forming a reaction product comprising O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup..sym.).sub.2. 2HSO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. ; and (B) reacting by contacting the reaction product of step (A) or O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup..sym.).sub.2 . 2HSO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. with a methanol solution of HOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, thereby forming O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup..sym.).sub.2 SO.sub.4.sup..crclbar. as a solid precipitate. The latter compound is extremely useful as a chemical intermediate in forming bis(2-aminoethyl) ether.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of allylic amines which comprises reacting a pi-allyl palladium complex with ammonia or an amine having a reactive hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom and a cupric salt, the reaction taking place at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the complex and in solution in a solvent for the pi-allyl palladium complex.

Abstract: The detergency properties of a fuel or a lubricant are improved by adding thereto a Mannich base product prepared by reacting a high molecular weight alkyl substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, a polyoxyethylene polyamine and an aldehyde.

Abstract: Aminobenzaldehyde compounds which correspond to the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently of one another represent alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted benzyl or phenyl, andX.sub.1 and X.sub.2 can also represent hydrogen, orThe substituent pairs R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently of one another each represent together with the nitrogen atom linking them a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic radical; these compounds are particularly useful as intermediate products for the manufacture of color formers.

Abstract: Improved additives for motor fuels and lubricants are provided comprising low molecular weight hydrogenated liquid polymers containing low levels of combined nitrogen. More specifically, hydrogenated adducts formed from normally liquid low molecular weight polydiolefins and acrylonitrile are excellent additives for motor fuels and lubricants. Motor fuels and lubricating oil compositions containing said additives are also provided.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrogenation of 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy nitrobenzene can be performed in water with a nickel catalyst if the average particle size is below 0.1 mm. The resulting aniline is reacted with diketene and the so-obtained N-acetoacetyl derivative is an azoic coupling component.

Abstract: Process for the production of aliphatic amines by reaction of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alcohol or ether with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate having the structure of ZSM-5, ZSM-11 or ZSM-21, said reaction being effected at a temperature between about 300.degree. and about 500.degree. C., a pressure between atmospheric and 1000 psig with the relative feed rates, expressed in grams per hour, of (1) alcohol or ether and (2) ammonia being within the approximate range of 1:1 to 5:1.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-amino-1-butanol by reacting L-tartarate of 2-amino-1-butanol with an aqueous slurry alkaline earth metal compound in such a way that some L-tartarate of 2-amino-1-butanol remains in the reaction system throughout the entire time of reaction to produce a precipitate of L-tartarate of the alkaline earth metal which comprises crystals which are sufficiently large so that they have excellent filterability and give a high yield of 2-amino-1-butanol. Highly purified 2-amino-1-butanol can be obtained by subjecting the thus obtained filtrate to rectification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a series of new compounds, salts thereof and to methods for the preparation of the compounds which have the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 stands for an unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy, phenylthio, benzyl, phenylsulfinyl, or anilino radical;R.sub.2 stands for a -YR.sub.2 ' radical, in which Y represents -O-, -S-, or -NH-, and R.sub.2 ' represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl or -alkynyl; or methyl or ethyl substituted with phenyl, furyl, thienyl or pyridyl;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 which can be the same or different, and unsubstituted or substituted, stand for hydrogen or for a straight or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkenyl or -alkynyl radical, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl, a phenyl, or a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring system containing not more than two hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen, or for a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The compounds disclosed are of the formula ##STR1## and the anhydrides thereof WHEREINR.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group,R' is a divalent group of alkylene, ether, thioether or a sec.amine,Y is oxygen, sulfur or an amine, andR is hydrogen or alkyl.R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methylThese compounds can be prepared by a free radical catalyzed addition of a polyfluoroalkylthiol to a 5-norbornene diacid or its derivative. They are useful in preparing surfactants when reacted with an amine.

Abstract: Gasoline compositions and additive mixtures of esters of nitrilotriformic acid, in amount sufficient to alleviate the plugging of certain catalysts being used in an engine exhaust system to lower the amount of undesirable constituents in exhaust gas from an engine being operated on gasoline containing a cyclopentadienyl manganese antiknock.

Abstract: Certain herbicidal thiolcarbamate sulfoxides can be stabilized by adding an acetylenic compound of the formulaR.sub.3 --C.tbd.C--R.sub.4wherein R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxyalkynyl, hydroxy substituted cycloalkyl, hydroxy substituted phenyl, hydroxy substituted phenalkyl, amino substituted alkyl and alkyl substituted by the group --O--C(O)-alkyl and R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxy cycloalkyl, hydroxy substituted phenyl, hydroxy substituted phenalkyl, amino alkyl and alkyl substituted by the group --O--C(O)-alkyl.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs wherein the C-2 carboxy is replaced by an aminomethyl or (substituted amino)methyl are disclosed along with intermediates useful in their preparation and processes for their preparation. These analogs are useful for the same pharmacological purposes as the prostaglandins.

Abstract: Disclosure is made of a method of improving the combustion of base fuels selected from ammonia, petroleum distillates, alcohols and amines. The method comprises the addition of hydrogen carriers to the base fuels, which possess an energy content and release it together with hydrogen for combustion upon ignition of the base fuel. The disclosure is also of novel fuel compositions which comprise from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier dissolved or suspended in the base fuel.

Abstract: A colloidal magnesium suspension is prepared by grinding 400 mesh pure magnesium (99.8+%) in dry kerosene until it reaches colloidal dimensions (from about 500 to 1 millimicron) and is thereafter added in critical low concentration of at least 1 gram as substantially pure magnesium up to about 15 grams per 10 gallons of jet fuel whereby improved burning of the jet fuel is observed as evidenced by improvement in mileage of about 10 to 30% for the same jet engine setting as compared to the jet fuel to which the colloidal magnesium has not been added. Optimum amounts of about 3 to 8 grams of colloidal magnesium in 10 gallons are preferred in order to minimize air pollution while giving maximum benefit for jet fuel economy.

Abstract: A colloidal magnesium suspension is prepared by grinding 400 mesh pure magnesium (99.8+%) in dry kerosene until it reaches colloidal dimensions (from about 500 to 1 millimicron) and is thereafter added in critical low concentration of 1/5 gram as substantially pure magnesium up to about 10 grams per 10 gallons of motor gasoline whereby improved burning of the gasoline is observed as evidenced by improvement in gas mileage of about 25% for the same spark and carburetor settings as compared with the gasoline to which the colloidal magnesium has not been added. Benefits are achieved with leaded as well as unleaded gasoline. Optimum amounts of about 1 - 2 grams of colloidal magnesium in 10 gallons are preferred in order to minimize air pollution, while giving maximum benefit for fuel economy.

Abstract: 4-Sulphonamidosalicylaldehydes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents an optionally substituted straight-chain or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group, are valuable intermediates for the preparation of optical brighteners.