Abstract: Forming apparatus (22) and a method for forming a glass sheet ribbon G delivered from a float tank (44) to a topside support device (74) having a downwardly facing surface to which a vacuum and pressurized gas are supplied to support the glass sheet ribbon (G) at its upper surface (52) while a coater (78) applies a coating (80) to its lower surface (54). Another coater (86) applies a coating (88) to the upper surface (52) of the glass sheet ribbon G. A coated glass sheet (32) cut from the glass sheet ribbon G has at least one surface, and as disclosed both of its surfaces (52,54), coated so as to be protected from deterioration caused by exposure to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An improved tool is provided for pressing glass into a precision optical element having a strong concave surface. The tool is selected from ceramic and metal materials having coefficients of thermal expansion greater than the coefficient of the pressed glass. Preferred tools include a base material selected from Invar, steel and alumina with a surface layer selected from alumina, zirconia, chromium oxide and chromium carbide, having a finished thickness in the range between ten to two thousand angstroms.

Abstract: A substrate spin coating apparatus for forming a coating film on the upper surface of a spinning substrate includes a spin chuck for supporting and spinning the substrate while holding same substantially in horizontal posture. A scatter preventive cup surrounds lateral and lower regions of the spin chuck, and defines an opening in an upper central region thereof for allowing entry of air flows. An exhaust vent is provided for downwardly exhausting the air flows, and a nozzle is provided for supplying a coating solution through the opening of the scatter preventive cup to the upper surface of the substrate. The scatter preventive cup includes an air passage formed in a bottom region thereof and opening toward a lower surface of the substrate. An air flow adjusting unit is connected to the air passage for adjusting an air flow to a predetermined temperature and supplying the adjusted air flow to the air passage.

Abstract: A papermaking machine uses a low pressure water jet mounted on a pneumatic actuator for movement at least as fast in the cross machine direction as the paper web moves in the machine direction for a distance of 2 to 12 inches. The jet rapidly cuts a tail with a blunt edge of 2 to 12 inches wide from the web. The actuator is mounted on a screw or belt driven carriage to traverse the web and expand the tail after it has been threaded through the dryer section until the tail encompass the entire web and thus completes the threading process. A controller coordinates an air jet positioned beneath a doctor blade and a vacuum suction roll which engages the last press roll. The air jet and vacuum suction roll are actuated when the blunt end of the tail engages the doctor blade. In this way a tail with little or no streamer is formed and blown onto a dryer fabric supported on a vacuum suction roll which leads the tail into a single tier dryer section.

Abstract: Protective and security coatings are applied to an integrated circuit by periodically passing the integrated circuit through a flame spray containing molten particles of the coating composition. The integrated circuit is attached to a fixture that is cooled with a coolant that is applied to the integrated circuit. The distance between the flame spray gun and the integrated circuit is controlled so that the particles are molten when they strike the circuit but the circuit heating is minimized. A flame resistant mask retains the integrated circuit on the fixture. The mask is constructed of a low thermally conductive material and the fixture is constructed of a high thermally conducive material.

Abstract: A method of papermaking having zero liquid discharge. A cellulosic pulp composed of recycled materials is initially cleaned to remove contaminants and foreign material, and the clean pulp is then washed to remove dissolved solids and pulping chemicals, and the washed pulp is then utilized in the papermaking process. The contaminants are separated from the liquid residue resulting from the pulp cleaning operation, preferably by floatation clarification, and the effluent from the clarification is evaporated to produce steam or water vapor along with an evaporated residue. The evaporated residue is combined with the suspended solids that were removed from the liquid residue and the combined residue is then subjected to a mechanical dewatering operation to reduce the water content so that the dewatered material can then be either landfilled or incinerated. The condensate from the evaporation can be combined with fresh makeup water and used in the papermaking process.

Abstract: A method of producing amorphous sample bodies that can be used for optical spectral analysis and X-ray spectral analysis, by batch-wise smelting in a crucible a mixture of analysis sample and a flux. The method is characterized by allowing a controlled flow of molten material to run out of the crucible and successively down onto a horizontal receiving surface and there form the sample bodies. The mixture is smelted suitably at a temperature of between 800.degree. and 1300.degree. C., preferably at about 1000.degree. C., and is carried out in a crucible having a hole in the bottom thereof. A apparatus for producing such amorphous sample bodies is also disclosed. The apparatus includes a smelt crucible provided with an opening in its lower part and which is designed to be downwardly tapered at least inside in order to prevent the mixture from coming out, but to facilitate running of molten material through the opening.

Abstract: This invention relates to a correction tape adhesiver for correcting a mistyped letter comprising a rotatable tape guider which may turn its direction according to the gripping posture and/or using direction of the user. Said tape guider is formed separately from the case at the backside edge thereof and combined with the guide sill so as to ensure rotation of the tape guider to the certain extent.

Abstract: A manual sealing unit consists of a crane-like bracket (1), which is mounted to rotate around a vertical axis (9). A boom (2) is connected to pivot around a vertical axis (12) and around a horizontal axis (15) at the free end (10) of a horizontal segment (11) of the bracket (1). Supply conduits (6, 7), by which the components of the sealing compound are conveyed to a mixing device (4) and a manual sealing nozzle (3) that is connected to the latter, are fastened to the bracket (1) and the boom (2). In the area of the joint between the bracket (1) and the boom (2), the conduits (6 and 7) are arranged in bends (21) and have a rotating joint (22) there, so that the movability of the boom (2) is not hampered. The boom (2) is loaded upward by a pneumatic cylinder (19), so that the combination of the mixing device (4) and the sealing nozzle (3) for an operator executing the manual sealing is virtually weightless.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a paper machine for making or processing a paper web. The paper machine includes a roll for carrying the paper web; and a hydraulic cylinder assembly connected to the roll for moving the roll. The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a cylinder defining a chamber, a piston disposed within the cylinder, and a piston rod connected to the piston and extending from the cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder assembly further includes a bushing connected to the cylinder and disposed around the piston rod. The bushing slidably engages the piston rod and substantially seals the cylinder chamber from the ambient environment. The bushing is formed from a non-metallic material having a tensile strength of between approximately 6500 and 12500 psi at a temperature of approximately 73.degree. F., a coefficient of friction of between approximately 0.10 and 0.30, and a maximum continuous operating temperature of approximately 550.degree. F.

Abstract: A glass-plate working apparatus includes: a glass plate carrying-in section; a main cut-line forming section disposed in proximity to the glass plate carrying-in section; a glass plate bend-breaking section disposed in proximity to the main cut-line forming section; a glass plate peripheral-edge grinding section disposed in proximity to the glass plate bend-breaking section; and a glass plate carrying-out section disposed in proximity to the glass plate peripheral-edge grinding section, wherein each of the main cut-line forming section, the glass plate bend-breaking section, and the glass plate peripheral-edge grinding section is arranged to concurrently process two glass plates.

Abstract: A ceramic porous body composed principally of silicon carbide or silicon nitride which has higher strength, higher heat resistance and higher thermal shock resistance and has a large number of fine pores, and a method of producing the same. The ceramic porous body, comprised principally of silicon carbide or silicon nitride, has a pore diameter of not more than 1 .mu.m, with a porosity of not less than 35%, and has a flexural strength of not less than 100 MPa. The ceramic porous body is produced by using a silicon oligomer which is capable of producing silicon carbide or silicon nitride when calcined, mixing the silicon oligomer with a silicon carbide powder or silicon nitride powder, and/or other ceramic powder which has a mean particle diameter of not more than 1.0 .mu.m, molding the mixture into shape, then sintering the molding in a suitable atmosphere at temperatures of not less than 1200.degree. C.

Abstract: Binders for papercoating slips which permit uniform printability contain a polymer prepared by the seed procedure and comprisingfrom 1 to 49% by weight of a polymer seed A) having a glass transition temperature of from -80.degree. to +25.degree. C. and based on esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, andfrom 51 to 99% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomers B), from 10 to 100% by weight of which monomers are butadiene,the polymer seed A being added before or during the polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: The present invention provides refrigeratable yeast-leavened dough compositions and methods of making such doughs. In a first embodiment, a dough composition of the invention is made by rehydrating dried yeast at chilled temperatures, which causes selective lysing (a loss in the selectivity of the yeast plasma membrane). Such a dough composition exhibits a cold sensitivity in that the yeast is capable of leavening the dough at elevated temperatures, but becomes inactive at refrigeration temperatures. In another embodiment, the dough composition and the strain of yeast used therein are chosen to limit the total leavening action of the yeast by controlling the amount of substrate in the dough fermentable by the yeast. In a third embodiment, a dough comprises a mixture of flour, water and a mutant yeast which is low temperature sensitive. Such an "lts" yeast is active at elevated temperatures, but becomes substantially inactive at refrigeration temperatures.

Abstract: To recover the sodium-sulphur compounds following sodium-based pulp processing, e.g. the ASAM process or basic or acidic sodium sulphite processes, the waste liquor is burnt in a lye burning vat (1) with liquid slag extraction and the exhaust gases are subjected to multi-stage purification with dry fly-ash recovery and the gaseous sulphur compounds are also separated in a multi-stage washing process. The water-soluble components of the fly-ash are taken to the waste liquor to be burnt and thus the sulphur to be recovered in the slag is increased. The slag is dissolved in water and the dissolved sodium compounds are converted by multi-stage carbonisation with a part of the purified flue gas into sodium bicarbonate and H.sub.2 S. The H.sub.2 S is burnt and finally converted into sodium sulphite so that the desired lye for pulping cellulose can be made up from sodium sulphite and carbonate.

Abstract: An apparatus for stabilizing a low-strength sheet having a width and a top surface and moving in a first direction at a rate sufficient to entrain air. The apparatus includes an airfoil adapted to extend along the top surface of the sheet. The airfoil, in turn, includes:a bottom surface adapted to extend along a portion of the top surface of the sheet;a first surface extending a first distance from the bottom surface at a first juncture;a second surface extending a second distance from the bottom surface at a second juncture; anda top surface extending from the first surface at a third juncture to the second surface at a fourth juncture. The first distance in general is less than the second distance.

Abstract: A double walled drum of concentric cylinders having end seals and insulation between the cylinders. The drum is open at both ends and rotates on its center longitudinal axis which is pitched from the horizontal with the entrance on the high side. Diameter restrictions at the entrance and discharge ends of the drum increase product residence time. Lifters at the entrance end discharge end push flexible strandular food subject to microbial spoilage such as strands of cooked pasta away from the entrance and out the discharge. Pins are mounted perpendicular to the inner cylinder wall and point to the central axis of the drum. Liquids such as acid and oil are sprayed onto the food in the drum from a spray bar or spray manifold. The pins continuously lift and separate the strands of food while it moves through the drum, and mix the liquid and product, resulting in a uniform coating. This process and apparatus produce a uniformly coated flexible strandular food such as spaghetti with minimal temperature loss.

Abstract: Provided are a cast-coated paper suitable for ink jet recording and a production method thereof, with the cast-coated paper having an irreversible shrinkage factor in the crossing direction within the range of 0.00% to 0.20% when it is put under an environment that the relative humidity thereof is changed from 35% to 95% and further changed to 35%.

Abstract: A method for processing pulpy fruit puree or pulpy juice or reprocessing traditional evaporative pulpy citrus concentrate into products which do not resemble conventional juices or conventional concentrated juices, and more particularly, a packaged high Brix clarified juice concentrate which is ready to pour at freezer temperatures, to a 100% natural fruit juice produced from the clarified juice concentrate, to a blended reduced bitterness fruit juice product, and to a 100% juice-blend pulpy fruit product. The invention provides novel all-natural juice blends, including a 100% natural fruit juice containing aloe vera. The clarified juice concentrate as ready-to-pour 6+1 concentrates at freezer temperatures above -15.degree. C. In contrast, the traditional 3+1 frozen juice concentrate becomes frozen at common domestic freezer temperatures of -5.degree. to -15.degree. C. and it is inconvenient to pour and to mix with water.

Abstract: Creping doctor blades useful for making soft tissues are substantially improved by ion nitriding the surface(s) of the doctor blade to produce a hardened surface while retaining the resilient interior of the non-treated blade. The resulting blades have approximately a three-fold increase in blade life.