Abstract: Novel lead-rich pyrochlore type compounds are described having the formula:Pb.sub.2 [M.sub.2-x Pb.sub.x ]O.sub.7-ywherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ru, Ir and mixtures thereof and wherein x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to about 1.2 and y is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to about 1.0. A method of synthesizing these compounds is also described. The method involves the solid state reaction of a lead source and a ruthenium source and/or an iridium source at temperatures below about 600.degree. C in an oxygen-containing environment.

Abstract: Shelf life of silica based defoamer composition is improved by adding oil soluble resins and optionally aliphatic fatty acids to retard separation and to inhibit settling. The composition is useful in preventing foaming or in defoaming aqueous systems such as water based protective coatings, adhesives, black liquors and monomer stripping.

Abstract: Stable emulsions of a polar liquid in a non-polar base liquid are prepared with the cooperating action of a mixture of a water-in-oil surfactant having an HLB value of from 2 to 10 and certain polydiorganosiloxane-polyoxyalkylene copolymers. An emulsion of interest is an anti-perspirant composition comprising an aqueous solution of aluminum chlorhydrate as the polar liquid dispersed in cyclopolydimethylsiloxanes as the non-polar base liquid, using a mixture of nonylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol and a copolymer of a trimethylsiloxane-endblocked polydimethylsiloxane containing a minor amount of methylhydrogensiloxane units and an allyloxy-endblocked polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropylene copolymer.

Abstract: Defoaming agent comprising(a) from 1 to 100 parts by weight of at least one alkali-metal salt of an oxy-acid of sulphur, nitrogen or phosphorus,(b) from 20 to 1 parts by weight of at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof of the group consisting of fatty acids, fatty acid salts, fatty acid amides, alcohols, amines, aldehydes and ketones,(c) from 0 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of (a + b), additives and(d) from 0 to 1000 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of (a + b), water.

Abstract: Use of a blend of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride emulsion polymers to break oil-in-water emulsions in the waste streams at petroleum refineries, industrial plants and the like.

Abstract: A fired, electrically semi-conducting ceramic body is disclosed. The body consists essentially of silicon carbide particles having a median particle size from about 3 to about 25 microns dispersed in a bonding matrix. The silicon carbide particles constitute from about 50 to about 70 percent of the body. The body has an "apparent porosity" as subsequently defined herein from 20 to 40. The production of such a body from a batch composed of silicon carbide, alumina, silica and at least one oxide, carbonate or hydroxide of calcium, magnesium, barium or strontium is also disclosed. The batch is milled and pressed into a shape, and the resulting shape is then fired in an inert gas atmosphere to a temperature from about 2,300.degree. to 2,800.degree. F. for a time sufficiently long to produce a semi-conductor body having the requisite apparent porosity of from 20 to 40 percent.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive resistance material and process for making the same is described which is of the type comprising an elastomeric matrix with conducting metal particles dispersed therein. Improved performance and improved ranges of conductivity between the no pressure and pressure ranges are obtained by coating the metallic conducting particles with semi-conducting material and further improved results are obtained when the semi-conducting material comprises a reaction product of an organic metal compound with an aryl peroxide of similar aryl compound. The material may be made available as a coating material or as a shaped product.

Abstract: An electrical contact material comprises from about 85 to 87.5 percent silver and from about 0.01 to 0.10 percent cobalt in the form of an oxide, by weight. The material also comprises from about 10.73 to 12.82 percent cadmium oxide, from about 1.6 to 2.0 percent zinc oxide, and from about 0.15 to 1.0 percent lead oxide, by weight, internally oxidized in situ in the contact material in an oxygen enriched atmosphere.

Abstract: Carbazole-based molecular photoconductive charge-transfer complexes are synthesized which are easily applied to electrode substrates. The carbazole-based complexes comprise 3-substituted carbazoles complexed with an electron acceptor molecule such as 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone. In addition, the photoconductive response of polyvinylcarbazole-trinitrofluorenone complexes is improved by substitution of certain functional groups on the aromatic portions of the polymer. Also provided are methods for constructing photoconductive elements on thin semitransparent flexible substrates for use in many areas such as light sensitive switching functions, the photoconductors being applied from solution or suspension in a fast drying liquid onto an electrode assembly attached to a flexible plastic substrate.

Abstract: A method of making a homogeneous sintered body, which can exhibit non-linear V-I characteristics, comprises the steps of: (1) forming a single phase, chemically homogeneous glass, from a mixture of oxides containing at least Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, which is effective to cause non-linearity within a ZnO ceramic body, (2) mixing 2.5 wt.% to 40 wt.% of the single phase, chemically homogeneous Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 type glass, with 60 wt.% to 97.5 wt.% of ZnO particles, to form a uniform mixture, (3) pressing the glass-ZnO mixture, to form a consolidated body, and (4) sintering the pressed body, to form a ceramic body consisting of ZnO particles and a chemically homogeneous insulating layer formed from the Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 type glass coating the ZnO particles and bonding the ZnO particles together.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device includes a cermet electrochromic film. The cermet may comprise a conventional electrochromic material, such as tungsten oxide, and a noble metal, such as gold. In a preferred embodiment, the electrochromic cermet material includes a metal content of about 25 atomic percent. The electrochromic cermet is blue as prepared, and, when colored, is red. This electrochromic cermet material can be used in combination with other electrochromic materials, such as tungsten oxide, so as to result in a multicolor electrochromic display.

Abstract: The electroconductive composite ceramics composed of an independent phase conglomerates having a particle diameter of at least 20.mu. and a continuous phase connecting mutually the independent phase of conglomerates. Particularly, electroconductive composite ceramics composed of (A) 50-98% by weight of an independent phase of conglomerates having a particle diameter of at least 20 which consists essentially of a phase of insulating or semiconductive ceramics having a high melting point or a mixture thereof and (B) 50-2% by weight of a continuous phase of an electroconductive substance connecting mutually the independent phase of conglomerates. The electroconductive composite ceramics exhibit stable electroconductivity-temperature characteristics at a temperature of 1000.degree. C. or higher and have excellent thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength and chemical resistance.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the manufacture of phosphoric acid directly from phosphate rock wherein the crushed phosphate rock is mixed with dilute phosphoric acid to form a slurry and the slurry is then heated to produce calcium monophosphate. Thereafter, oxalic acid is added to the slurry to precipitate the calcium therein as calcium oxalate which is separated. The liquid resulting therefrom which contains the phosphoric acid from the rock is then treated conventionally to recover the phosphoric acid therein.

Abstract: A resistance material consisting of a mixture of metal oxide and/or metal oxidic compounds and any metals with a binder, which material comprises a metal rhodate of the type M.sub.3 Rh.sub.7 O.sub.15, by way of resistance determining component. This material has a small negative TCR which is substantially constant in a large temperature range.

Abstract: An antifoam/defoam composition used also as a drainage aid in pulp and papermaking process lines which consists of a water-base composition useful in the pH range 7.0-9.0. The milieu in which the composition is utilized such as e.g. black liquor, may be kept at a pH of 4.0-12.0. The composition is as follows:Hydrophobic silicaBisamide of the following formula: ##STR1## where N IS AN INTEGER FROM 1 TO 6; ANDR is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl group having from 5 to 22 carbon atoms.Acid containing crosslinked copolymer of acrylic acidDioctyl sulfosuccinateParaffin oilWaterMore particular formulae are also set out below:______________________________________ (A) Hydrophobic silica 0-30% Ethylene-bis-stearamide .001-50% Acid containing crosslinked acrylic acid polymer .05-10% Dioctyl sulfosuccinate .05-10% Paraffin oil .001-99% H.sub.2 O .001-99% (B) Hydrophobic silica 4-12% Ethylene-bis-stearamide 4-12% Acid containing crosslinked acrylic acid polymer .

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter comprise polymeric materials containing, as a filler therefor, a semiconducting pyropolymeric inorganic refractory oxide material, said compositions being useful in situations which require items such as electrically conductive sheets which possess a given electrical resistance.

Abstract: A process for preparing non-ionic surface active agents comprises condensing crude glycidol, in the presence of an alkaline catalyst on an organic compound containing an active hydrogen atom. The crude glycidol is prepared by dehydrochlorinating glycerol monochlorohydrin with sodium or potassium hydroxide in the presence of a solvent, neutralizing excess sodium or potassium hydroxide with a strong acid and separating the major portion of the sodium or potassium chloride formed.

Abstract: Compositions containing 2% to 50% of organosilicon anti-foaming agents and 98% to 50% of powdered solid carriers having the general formula (CH.sub.3).sub.a (HO).sub.b (RO).sub.c SiO.sub.(4-a-b-c) /2 in which the symbol "R" represents a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl or n-butyl, the symbol "a" represents any number ranging from about 0.8 to about 1.1, the symbol "b" represents any number ranging from about 0.002 to about 0.2 and the symbol "c" represents any number ranging from about 0 to about 0.2. The compositions are used to reduce the foaming effects of surfactants in liquids. The anti-foaming compositions of the invention can be added to powdered detergents and will remain effective for extended periods of time.

Abstract: There is provided a means for measuring resistance for a resistance thermometer consisting of an insulating former as a carrier and a thin platinum layer as resistance material, the carrier for the platinum layer being made of a material having a greater thermal coefficient of expansion than platinum over the range between 0.degree. and 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A metal oxide resistor of the type consisting essentially of zinc oxide and containing significant amounts of the impurities bismuth trioxide, cobalt trioxide, manganese dioxide, antimony oxide, chromic oxide, and silicon dioxide contains also significant amounts of the impurities barium oxide and boron oxide.