Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol using hydrol (namely, a crystalline mother liquor remaining after obtaining crystalline glucose from a crude glucose liquor). More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol in a method for performing a dehydration reaction on the hydrogenated sugar so as to convert the hydrogenated sugar to an anhydrosugar alcohol, wherein the method for preparing an anhydrosugar alcohol is configured to use, as at least a portion of the hydrogenated sugar, the product obtained from the hydrogenation of the hydrol which is a by-product or waste generated during the production of glucose, thus relatively lowering the cost for a material as compared with a case of using a high purity raw material (for example, high purity sorbitol), to thus improve economical advantages, and further reduce the amount of waste and cost for disposal of the waste during the production of glucose.

Abstract: A straight-chain unsaturated hydrocarbon group having equal to or more than 10 carbon atoms is bonded to at least one or more of meta positions of all of phenol structure units.

Abstract: A process for recovering ethanol obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. The crude ethanol product is separated in a column to produce a distillate stream comprising acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate and a residue stream comprising ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate and water. The ethanol product is recovered from the residue stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to nonyl alcohols with a low degree of branching and derivatives produced using them. In particular the present invention relates to mixture of primary nonyl alcohols in which at least 80% of the alkyl chains are linear and at least 15% of the alkyl chains are branched at the 2-carbon position and its derivatives. The low degree of branching produces derivatives that are more elongated and less bulky that similar derivatives produced with more highly branched alcohols.

Abstract: Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid using a low energy process. The crude ethanol product is separated in a column to produce a distillate stream comprising acetaldehyde and a residue stream comprising ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate and water. The ethanol product is recovered from the residue stream.

Abstract: Purifying and/or recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of crude ethanol mixture are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. In addition, the process involves the esterification of acetic acid in a column used for recovering the ethanol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the separation of water from a liquid phase medium containing an aliphatic carboxylic acid using azeotropic distillation in the presence of an entrainer. The entrainer, water, and organics are subsequently separated, wherein the entrainer is recycled back to the azeotropic distillation column and organics recycled back to the oxidation reactor.

Abstract: In a process for preparing a supported hydrogenation catalyst with increased hydrogenation activity, which comprises a hydrogenating metal and/or an oxide of a hydrogenating metal on an Al2O3-containing support material, said calcined supported hydrogenation catalyst is treated before or after the final shaping thereof and before use thereof in the hydrogenation with a base solution having a pH of >10 at a temperature in the range from 20 to 120° C. for 1 to 300 hours.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy or sugary materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the recovery of alcohols, in particular ethanol, from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid using a reduced energy process. The crude ethanol product may be fed to a distillation column in which a substantial portion of the water is removed with the acetic acid in the residue. Additional water may be removed by using a pressure swing adsorption unit, molecular sieve, and/or membrane. Ethanol extraction may also be used to reduce the ethanol concentration in the recycle streams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition having a support that contains tin. The catalyst is used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst may also comprise one or more active metals and a support modifier.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol from synthesis gas by reacting the hydrogen and carbon monoxide of the synthesis gas to provide methanol, which then is subjected to dehydration to produce at least one ether, such as dimethyl ether. The ether, such as dimethyl ether, then is subjected to carbonylation with unreacted carbon monoxide from the synthesis gas to provide at least one acetate, such as methyl acetate. The acetate then is subjected to hydrogenolysis to produce ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of fermentation products such as alcohols including ethanol and butanol, and processes employing in situ product removal methods.

Abstract: Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of crude ethanol product are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. In addition, the process involves separating the crude ethanol product using an extractive distillation column that employs an extraction agent, such as a recycled stream comprising water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel structured catalysts based on sintered metal fibers (SMF) coated by a basic oxide layer with Pd-nanoparticles, to reactions of organic compounds with hydrogen in the presence of said catalyst and an organic base as well as to vitamins, carotinoids, perfume ingredients, and/or food or feed ingredients prepared by using this reaction.

Abstract: Silicon precursors for forming silicon-containing films in the manufacture of semiconductor devices, such as films including silicon carbonitride, silicon oxycarbonitride, and silicon nitride (Si3N4), and a method of depositing the silicon precursors on substrates using low temperature (e.g., <550° C.) chemical vapor deposition processes, for fabrication of ULSI devices and device structures.

Abstract: A method of making alcohols involves forming of alcohol esters from liquid alkane halides and a solution of metallic salts of organic acids to produce gaseous alcohol esters for reaction with magnesium or metal hydroxides to form the alcohol and the metal salt of the organic acids. In an improvement method liquid phase alcohol esters instead of gaseous alcohol esters are produced from liquid alkane halides and a solution of metal salts of organic acids whose alkane esters are less soluble in water than that of the alkane halide and treating of the alcohol ester formed with magnesium or metal hydroxides to form the alcohol and the metal salt of the organic acids.

Abstract: The present invention has an object of providing a method for producing 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene by a vapor-phase reaction easily and in an industrial scale. A method for producing 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene of the present invention includes putting 1,2-dichloro-1-halogeno-3,3,3-trifluoropropane with an activated carbon catalyst in a vapor phase. According to the present invention, 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is produced in an industrial scale at a high yield by use of 1,2-dichloro-1-halogeno-3,3,3-trifluoropropane, which is available at low cost, as a material.

Abstract: A method for producing 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene of the present invention includes reacting 1,2-dichloro-1-halogeno-3,3,3-trifluoropropane with a base in a liquid phase; and extracting generated 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to the outside of a reaction system to recover while the reaction is continued. According to the present invention, 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is obtained at a high yield by a simple method. Thus, 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is produced in an industrial scale.

Abstract: A production method of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene according to the present invention includes the steps of: subjecting 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane to dehydrofluorination to form a reaction mixture (A) containing cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and unreacted 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane; distilling the reaction mixture (A) to separate the trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from the reaction mixture (A) and collect a reaction mixture (B) containing the cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and the 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane; and reacting the reaction mixture (B) with a base and thereby obtaining the cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from the reaction mixture (B). This production method enables efficient production of high-purity cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and thus has industrial advantages.